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WHAT IS SCIENCE?

This comprehensive chapter explores the essence of science, covering its goals, methods, and importance. Discover the principles of scientific inquiry, from forming hypotheses to testing theories. Delve into the dynamic nature of science, constantly evolving with new advancements. Explore key scientific topics like renewable fuels, stem cell research, and more. Gain insights into the field of biology, the study of living organisms, and the fundamental characteristics of life. Unravel the mysteries of cellular structure, reproduction, and genetic codes that define all living things. Learn about the different forms of reproduction, from sexual to asexual, and the universal genetic code found in DNA. Witness the incredible process of cellular growth, development, and differentiation in multicellular organisms. Uncover the significance of energy intake and material utilization in sustaining life. This engaging chapter provides a captivating insight into the wonders of science and the marvels of the natural world.

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WHAT IS SCIENCE?

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  1. Interest Grabber WHAT IS SCIENCE? Chapter 1 Key concept: What is the goal of science?

  2. organized method evidence explain SCIENCE: • Is an ________________ • Uses_______ to ______ events • ______and organizes ______ • Deals only with __________ • Looks for _______ and __________ Collects information natural world patterns connections Image from: http://www.erschools.org/Teachers/henderson/webquest/images/scientist.jpg

  3. propose explanations Hypothesis must be testable! TESTED Scientists: _______________ that can be _______ by ___________________ examining evidence http://www.darvill.clara.net/enforcemot/graphics/newton.gif

  4. not “just facts” “WAY OF KNOWING” Science is ______________but a ___________________ Because of new tools, techniques, & discoveries, our understanding of science is __________________. ALWAYS CHANGING http://www.npr.org/programs/fa/features/2005/04/flat_200.jpg http://atmos.pknu.ac.kr/~swimm/wall/1024/EARTH.JPG

  5. AIDS Renewable fuels Global warming Stem Cell Research Alternative energy Endangered species Bird flu Our understanding of science is _________ in _______ intelligent ________ about a wide variety of _______ that affect our lives. Cancer Pollution Cloning Nuclear power essential making decisions issues

  6. The science of “LIFE” BIOLOGY =__________________ = ________________ Study of living things Bacteria Image from: http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg

  7. It’s Alive! Part 1 1A Part 2 1B • Click the image to play the video segment.

  8. Characteristics of ALL LIVING THINGS • Made of _________ • _____________ • Based on a _____________________ • _______ and ____________ • ______ & ___ ________ & _______ • ________ to their ____________ • ______________________________ • As a group, __________________ Reproduce cells universal genetic code Grow develop Obtain use materials energy Respond environment Maintain a stable internal environment change over time

  9. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells The _____ is the ______________. CELL basic unit of life http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/study_guides_bi.htm

  10. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells UNICELLULAR ____________organisms are _____________ made of only 1 cell bacteria (Ex: _________) Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF

  11. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells MULTICELLULAR _________________ organisms_______ as _________ but as adults are _________________________ Ex: (___________ __________ ) BEGIN ONE CELL MADE OF MANY CELLS a human a tree Images from: http://www.angelbabygifts.com/ http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

  12. ALL LIVING THINGSReproduce SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ________________________ _____________the ___________________ from _____________ ________________ Seen in animals and plants combines genetic material 2 parents sperm + egg = baby Family image from: http://babyhearing.org/Parenet2Parent/index.asp

  13. ALL LIVING THINGSReproduce ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION _________________________ makes a new organism using the ________________ from _________________ Seen in bacteria, plants, and some animals genetic material ONLY 1 PARENT Planaria animation: http://www.t3.rim.or.jp/~hylas/planaria/title.htm

  14. All living things share a universal genetic code Hereditary material = DNA ______________________ DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID Segment of DNA ________________ with instructions for one _________ is called a ________. PROTEIN GENE Image from: http://sbchem.sunysb.edu/msl/dna.gif

  15. ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop Image by Riedell SINGLE CELLED _____________ organisms, like a bacterium, grow by ________________. INCREASING in SIZE

  16. ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop Image by Riedell Image from: http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/life/images/grow.JPG Multicellular organisms grow bigger by __________________ AND _____________________. increasing cell size increasing cell number

  17. DIFFERENT KINDS DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS… but many _______________ of cells with _____________________ Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg

  18. PROCESS OF CHANGING The ________________ EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS into different looking ADULT cells doing different jobs = __________________________ DIFFERENTIATION Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg

  19. All cells have the SAME DNA... _________________________ what makes them ___________ is _______________ are _______________________ different WHICH GENES TURNED ON or OFF See end of show for image sources

  20. It’s like having a whole library full of books, but reading only the books that are important to you. http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/report2.html http://www.adc.state.az.us/programs/offlibsvs.html

  21. grow and develop To________________,organisms _______ a constant supply of ____________________ & ____________ need ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use Energy BUILDING MATERIALS ENERGY! This sheep uses the MOLECULES and ENERGY in the food it eats to make “more sheep” http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/sheep/ansc442/Semprojs/2003/spiderlamb/eatsheep.gif

  22. ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use Energy AUTOTROPHS ___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to ________________ make their own food Image from: http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html GREEN PLANTS Ex: _____________ use ____________to turn _________ into _________ photosynthesis glucose sunlight http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

  23. ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use Energy ______________ get their energy by ___________________ HETEROTROPHS consuming other organisms Animals Ex: ________ (including you) and _________________ most bacteria  Image from: http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif

  24. Vocab word chemical reactions the combination of all the _________________ through which an organism ________ or ___________ materials as it carries out its life processes = ___________________ builds up breaks down metabolism

  25. ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their environment A signal to which an organism responds = ___________________ STIMULUS  Image from: http://www.travel-net.com/~andrews/images/animations/traffic.gif

  26. ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their environment  Image from: http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/images/stimresp.jpg A stimulus can be _________________ EXTERNAL Ex: When there is enough water and ground is warm enough, seed germinates. Roots respond to gravity & grow downward.Leaves respond to sunlight & grow up. http://www.nofretete-page.de/gemischtNeu/TN_plant_grow_w.JPG

  27. ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their environment http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html A stimulus can be ____________ INTERNAL Ex: When the glucose level in your bloodstream becomes low, your body responds by making you feel hungry. http://www.israellycool.com/eat%20guy%20AFP.jpg

  28. VOCAB WORD A cell works to keep conditions inside the cell constant = ______________________ IF temperature, water content, nutrients, acidity change too much . . . the cell will die. HOMEOSTASIS

  29. FEEDBACK HOMEOSTASIS involvesinternal __________ mechanisms If body temp drops too low, “shivering” produces heat to warm you up. If temp is too hot, “sweating” cools you down. http://www.dreamstime.com/thumb_4/1099235658Q3A4x8.jpg http://www.clipartheaven.com/clipart/seasons_&_weather/overheating_2.gif

  30. HOMEOSTASIS Drinking a BIG GULP increases the amount of water in your body http://www.me-go.net/rtw/images/biggulp.jpg Your next stop gets rid of the excess water. (OSMOREGULATION) http://pluck.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/restroom_blog.gif

  31. ALL LIVING THINGSas a group, change over time EVOLUTION = ______________ Allows _______ of ________ in a ___________ survival species changing world http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=63386&rendTypeId=4

  32. SOURCES Muscle:http://chemistry.uca.edu/faculty/isom/4320_pdf/multimedia/web_ex/web_ex1/skeletalmuscle1.jpgRBC: http://www.astrographics.com/GalleryPrints/Display/GP2120.jpgNerve: http://www.alongnaturestrail.com/the_nervous_system.html Bone: http://ssm.hkcampus.net/~ssm-is/3.%20human_cell/bone_cell.jpg Cheek: http://faculty.stcc.edu/nash/cheek1.jpg

  33. SOUTH DAKOTA SCIENCE STANDARDS LIFE SCIENCE Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures, functions, classifications, and mechanisms found in living things. 9-12.L.1.2A. (Synthesis) Describe how living systems use biofeedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. 9-12.L.1.3A. (Synthesis) Explain how gene expression regulates cell growth and differentiation. Examples: Tissue formation Development of new cells from original stem cells

  34. Core High School Life SciencePerformance Descriptors

  35. SOUTH DAKOTA SCIENCE STANDARDS NATURE OF SCIENCE Indicator 1: Understand the nature and origin of scientific knowledge. 9-12.N.1.1. Students are able to evaluate a scientific discovery to determine and describe how societal, cultural, and personal beliefs influence scientific investigations and interpretations. • Recognize scientific knowledge is not merely a set of static facts but is dynamic and affords the best current explanations.

  36. Core High School Life SciencePerformance Descriptors

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