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The new Higher History Section 1 Source Handling

This section of the history exam focuses on handling and evaluating sources related to Scottish history, specifically the Wars of Independence, the Age of the Reformation, the Treaty of Union, Migration and Empire, and the Impact of the Great War.

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The new Higher History Section 1 Source Handling

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  1. The new Higher HistorySection 1 Source Handling Denise Dunlop History Subject Implementation Manager Denise.Dunlop@sqa.org.uk

  2. External Assessment Exam paper and an assignment

  3. Timing 2 hours 20 minutes/60 marks • No longer a Paper 1 and Paper 2 • Section 1 Scottish 3 questions 4 sources 20 marks • Section 2 British 1 Extended Response from a choice of 3 questions 20 marks • Section 3 European and World 1 Extended Response from a choice of 3 questions 20 marks

  4. SECTION 1 — SCOTTISH A. The Wars of Independence, 1249-1328 B. The Age of the Reformation, 1542-1603 C. The Treaty of Union, 1689-1740 D. Migration and Empire, 1830-1939 E. The Impact of the Great War, 1914-1928

  5. SECTION 1 — SCOTTISH — 20 marks There will be three questions, each of which will relate to a different issue Only 3 out of 4 issues will be examined • Evaluate the usefulness of Source … as evidence of…. • Compare the views of Sources …. and …. on…. • How fully does Source….describe/explain….. The question stems can be in any order.

  6. The source evaluation question(6 marks) Evaluate the usefulness of Source A as evidence of….. • a maximum of 4 marks can be given for evaluative comments relating to author, type of source, purpose and timing • a maximum of 2 marks can be given for evaluative comments relating to the content of the source • a maximum of 2 marks may be given for evaluative comments relating to points of significant omission

  7. Example from Part A –The Wars of Independence , 1249-1328 (Specimen Paper) Source B is useful as evidence of Scottish resistance to Edward I as it is an extract from the actual court proceedings against William Wallace which would contain details of Wallace’s resistance. (1 mark for type of source) The source was written in August 1305 which makes it useful as it dates from the time when the Scottish resistance to Edward I had collapsed. (1 mark for timing) The source mentions that Wallace killed William Heselrig. This is useful as Wallace’s murder of the Sheriff of Lanark which sparked a general uprising, is corroborated by other sources. (1 mark for content)

  8. However the source is less useful as it omits details of other examples of resistance. Andrew Murray also led a guerrilla campaign against Edward’s rule and captured a number of castles in the North. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) In addition, the judgement is an English source which gives an account of the role of William Wallace in the Scottish resistance from the viewpoint of the King of England. This is a biased account which makes the source less useful. (1 mark for authorship) Furthermore, the judgement was a list of charges brought against Wallace in a show trial. This makes the source less useful as the purpose of the charges was to justify Wallace’s execution. (1 mark for purpose)

  9. Example from Part B –The Age of the Reformation 1542-1603 (Specimen Paper) Source B is useful in explaining the relationship between monarch and Kirk in the reign of James VI because it was written by James VI, Scotland’s monarch and demonstrates his firm belief that as monarch he was also head of the Kirk. (1 mark for authorship) The source was written in 1598 which makes it useful as it dates from the time when James was asserting his authority over the Kirk. (1 mark for timing) The content of the source includes such statements that a king “cannot be accountable to the Kirk, but answerable to God alone.” This is useful as it provides details of James VI’s view that as monarch he was appointed by God and therefore his powers could not be restricted by the Kirk. (1 mark for content)

  10. However there are other factors which explain the relationship between monarch and Kirk in the reign of James VI. The source omits details of the tension between James VI and the Kirk as a result of James VI’s unwillingness to take firm action against Catholics in Scotland. This makes the source less useful.(1 mark for a point of significant omission) In addition, the purpose of The True Law of Free Monarchies was to set out James VI personal views of the divine right of monarchy. This is a biased account which makes the source less useful. (1 mark for purpose) However, as an essay, the The True Law of Free Monarchies provides details of James VI’s views of the relationship between monarch and Kirk in an unguarded way which makes the source more useful. (1 mark for type of source)

  11. The source evaluation questionauthor, type of source, purpose and timing (4 marks) Later modern Migration and Empire, 1830–1939 The Impact of the Great War, 1914–1928 Medieval The Wars of Independence, 1249–1328 • Diary/Letter(honest, less guarded opinion, one person’s view…) • Memoirs (personal, selective?) • Newspaper (reflects opinions, biased?) • Report(official document, well researched, narrow view?) • Speech(delivered by someone who knows the facts? biased?) • English government records (reaction to what was happening in Scotland, Bruce ‘propaganda?) • Chronicles(contemporary record of events, work of monks/clergy, written for noble/library..) • Lanercost Chronicle • Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

  12. The source comparison question (5 marks) Compare the views of Sources B and C on… Compare the content overall and in detail. • up to 4 marks can be given for comparisons of detail. 1 mark will be awarded for each point of comparison which is supported by specific references to each source. 4 marks for 4 direct comparisons. • Up to 2 marks can be given for an overall comparison. 1 mark can be given for an overall comparison supported by specific references to the viewpoint of each source. A second mark can be given for a development of the overall comparison.

  13. Example from Part B –The Age of Reformation, 1542-1603 (Specimen Paper) Overall Sources C and D agree that an impact of the Reformation on Scotland was the creation of Kirk Sessions which had a positive impact at a local level helping to improve both education and life for the poor. (1 mark for an overall comparison) While Source C emphasises the importance of the Kirk Sessions, Source D disagrees slightly by saying that in the Highlands the Kirk had less of an influence with discipline relying more on the clan chief. (a second mark for developing the overall comparison) Sources C and D agree about the role of elders and deacons in the Kirk Sessions. Source C says the Kirk Sessions consisted of elders and deacons. Source D agrees when it says the Kirk Sessions were ‘led by elders and deacons who were elected annually’. (1 mark for a point of comparison supported by a specific reference to each source)

  14. The sources also agree about the role of the elders in improving education. Source C says the elders participated in the overseeing of education particularly the ability to read. Source D agrees by stating that elders were important in developing education and were successful in increasing literacy levels. (1 mark for a point of comparison supported by a specific reference to each source) In addition Sources C and D agree that the Kirk Sessions made decisions affecting the local community. Source C says that the Kirk Sessions enabled self government of local kirks. Source D agrees when it says ‘for most parishes, Kirk Sessions were the only form of self government’. (1 mark for a point of comparison supported by a specific reference to each source)

  15. Answering the source comparison question (5 marks) Comparing the content overall What is the main viewpoint in both sources? Is there both agreement and disagreement? Overall both sources agree that …………………………………….. Source A suggests that……………………………………………….. However Source B suggests that……………………………………. Overall both sources share the view that……………………………. Source A emphasises ……………………………………………….... Source B disagrees slightly by highlighting………………………….

  16. Answering the source comparison question (5 marks) Comparing the content in detail Both sources agree on the point of ………………………………….. As Source A says “…………………………………………………….” Source B also says “…………………………………………………..” Sources A and B agree that …………………………………………. Source A says…………………………………………………………. Source B agrees when it says……………………………………….. In detail Source ……. and……….. agree/disagree about……… we know this because source ……… states that “………………” and Source ……… states that “……………” In detail, the first point of agreement/disagreement is about……………… Evidence for this is that Source A states………………….while Source B states

  17. The source contextualisation question (9 marks) How fully does Source D describe/explain…? A judgement must be made about the extent to which the source provides a full description or explanation • Up to 3 marks can be given for the identification of points from the source that support the judgement. Points from the source must be interpreted rather than merely copied. • Up to 7 marks can be given for points of significant omission, based on a candidates own knowledge, that support their judgement. • A maximum of 2 marks will be awarded for answers containing no judgement.

  18. Example from Part C –The Treaty of Union, 1689-1740 (Specimen Paper) Source A gives a fairly good description of worsening relations between Scotland and England. (judgement) The source mentions the lack of English assistance to Scotland during the Ill Years. (1 mark for interpreting the source) It also describes how due to England’s war with France in the 1690s, Scotland lost out on trade with the French. (1 mark for interpreting the source). The source also talks about how the Scots felt they had been deceived by the English government during the Darien Scheme. (1 mark for interpreting the source) However, the source does not give a full description of worsening relations between Scotland and England. It fails to mention that the famine and starvation suffered by the Scots during the seven ill years were blamed on King William. (1 mark for a point of significant omission)

  19. It fails to mention that the failure of the Darien Scheme with a cost of approximately £400,000 resulted in an increase of anti English feeling in Scotland. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) Source A also fails to mention the tensions as a result of King William’s enforcement of the Navigation Acts which protected English trade but which excluded Scotland from trade with England’s colonies. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) The source also fails to mention how relations deteriorated further as a result of King William’s involvement in the Massacre of Glencoe in which thirty-eight MacDonalds were murdered. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) Also omitted from the source is the resentment felt by the Scottish Parliament over the Hanoverian succession in the English Act of Settlement of 1701. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) Lastly, Source A does not mention that many Jacobite supporters in the Highlands who were either Episcopalian or Catholic resented King William’s support of Presbyterianism. (1 mark for a point of significant omission)

  20. Example from Part B –The Age of the Reformation, 1542-1603 (Specimen Paper) Source A gives a fairly full explanation of the reasons for the Reformation of 1560.(judgement) Firstly the source says “ Radical Protestants gained confidence as they found remarkably few of their countrymen were willing to oppose them”. Here the source shows that a reason for the Reformation was the lack of popular opposition which raised confidence among the radical Protestants. (1 mark for interpreting the source) Furthermore, the source says “Critical in gaining support towards Reformation was the Protestant English being viewed as allies”. This means that the Reformation was encouraged by the fact that Scotland’s English neighbours were Protestant. (1 mark for interpreting the source) etc

  21. Example from Part B –The Age of the Reformation, 1542-1603 (Specimen Paper) However, Source A does not give a full explanation of the reasons for the Reformation of 1560. It fails to mention that the return of John Knox as a Protestant figurehead, was influential in gathering support for the Reformation. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) Moreover the source omits to mention that another reason for the Reformation was the growing unhappiness with the rule of Mary of Guise. (1 mark for a point of significant omission) etc

  22. How fully does Source …..describe/explain….(9 marks) Source….partially/partly describes/explains…… Source….gives a fairly full description/explanation of…………………………………………………………… Firstly the source says “……………………………………………………………… ” Here the source shows/illustrates ………………………………………………………………. Secondly the source says “……………………………………………………………….” This means that…………………………………………….. The source also states that “…………………………………….” and this links to the question because……………………

  23. How fully does Source …..describe/explain….(9 marks) However the source does not give a full description/explanation of…………….l……………………………………………………………………………………….. If the source fully explained …………. we would have expected it to have included…………………. There are also points relevant to the question that are not mentioned in the source. The source fails to mention that…………………………………………. It also should have included…….. ……………………………………… In addition, the source omits to mention that…………………………... Finally it ought to have included………………………………………….

  24. Guidance on the use of past paper questions for Higher History The Curriculum for Excellence Higher Courses draw on the strengths of popular areas of study from the existing Higher with the introduction of some new content. The purpose of this support document is to help centres and departments to identify suitable past paper questions/items that could be used, or possibly amended, to support learners in their preparation for sitting question papers (exams) as part of the Higher Course assessment. The advice in this document reflects questions selected from 2011 to 2013 past papers. If you click on the highlighted links in the columns below, this will take you to the relevant past paper. SQP New SQP Publishing 2011/12/13

  25. Using past paper questions – note change of headings, question stems and marks

  26. Using past paper questions – you may have to adapt the marking instructions (use SQP MIs as guidance) SQP MI Section 1: Scottish Part E: The Impact of the Great War, 1914-1928 Examples of aspects of the source and relevant comments:

  27. Very little has changed! • REVIEW 2011 New Higher • REVIEW 2014 ‘New’ New Higher (CfE) • Questions? Denise.Dunlop@sqa.org.uk Hilary.Rutherford@sqa.org.uk Duncan.Cox@sqa.org.uk

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