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Artificial Hip Replacement

Learn about hip replacement surgery, types of materials used, health risks, potential complications, and emerging advancements in the field. Understand the reasons for arthroplasty, materials used, positive and negative aspects, approaches, results, health risks, recalls, and future developments. Stay informed and make well-informed decisions about hip replacement procedures. (Word count: 63)

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Artificial Hip Replacement

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  1. Artificial Hip Replacement John Donahoe

  2. What is it? • Hip Replacement Surgery is the most common orthopedic procedure today • Orthopedics • The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of injuries or disorders of the skeletal system and associated muscles, joints and ligaments.

  3. Components • Acetabular Cup • Femoral Component • Articular Interface • Hemiarthroplasty • Femoral Head • Total Hip Arthroplasty

  4. Reasons for Arthroplasty • Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, traumatic arthritis, hip fractures, bone tumors (benign and malignant).

  5. Materials • 4 Common types • Metal-Metal • Metal-Plastic (longest used) • -Ceramic-Plastic • Ceramic-Ceramic

  6. Materials (Cont.) • Plastic • Polyethylene • UHMWPE (Ultra High Molecular Weight PolyEthylene) • Metal • cobalt chromium alloy, titanium alloy, sometimes stainless steel

  7. Positives & Negatives • Ceramic • Strong, non-corrosive, agrees with body (Vitamin E) • Most expensive, can be squeaky and sometimes breakable • Metal • Large ball head; provides greater range of motion and lower chance of dislocation, least pricey • High chance of corrosion • Plastic • More expensive than metal, less than ceramic, durable • Semi-corrosive, body does not agree with plastic corrosion

  8. Approaches • Posterior • Lateral • Antero-lateral • Minimally Invasive • Smaller incisions, less scarring, limits vision, may require special x-ray equipment

  9. Results and Complications • Roughly 120,000 annual hip replacements in the U.S. • Incidence rate is about 1 in 2,266 operations or ~0.04% • Most adverse effects stem from metal corrosion (about 0.01 mm per year)

  10. Health Risks • Infection • Blood Clots • Leg-Length Inequality • Dislocation • Corrosion • Metallosis (Metal) • Osteolysis (Plastic or Metal) • Pseudotumors • Necrosis

  11. Recalls • DePuy ASR XL • DePuy ASR hip resurfacing system • Stryker Rejuvenate • Stryker ABGII • Smith and Nephew R3 Acetabular System

  12. Moving Forward • Alternate Materials • Ivory • Dr. San Baw (300 procedures from 1960-1980, 88% success, all ages 24-87, physical activity) • Carbon Fiber? • Ceramic development

  13. Sources • http://bonesmart.org/hip/hip-replacement-implant-materials/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_replacement#Metal-on-metal_hip_implant_failure • http://www.sullolaw.com/productdefects/hip-metallosis.aspx?kid=97C4CB9C-64C8-48B5-8A09-08305B53E9B1&ad=24761454863&kw=%2Bmetallosis&source=adwords&campaign=Top-Metallosis-Keywords&gclid=CKHe-6Ts0LkCFVOe4AodXFoADQ • http://www.stryker.co.uk/index/st_pag_patients-home/st_pag_patients-hip/st_pag_patients-hip-replacement.htm • http://www.minfirm.com/nj-pa-depuy-recall-attorneys-defective-replacements-signs-symptoms • http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00377 • http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/h/hip_replacement/stats.htm

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