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Drug & Alcohol Awareness

Drug & Alcohol Awareness. 1. The Unseen Reality. Think PA’s workplaces are drug free? Think again. 75% of drug users are employed Almost one in ten employees has a substance abuse problem 24% of workers admit to drinking during the workday at least once in the past year

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Drug & Alcohol Awareness

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  1. Drug & Alcohol Awareness 1

  2. The Unseen Reality • Think PA’s workplaces are drug free? Think again. • 75% of drug users are employed • Almost one in ten employees has a substance abuse problem • 24% of workers admit to drinking during the workday at least once in the past year • 15% of U.S. workers report using alcohol or being impaired on the job in the past year PPT-039-01 9 12

  3. The Cost of Substance Abuse • Increased Health Care Costs • Increased Workers’ Compensation Premiums • Increased Workplace Violence 10 13

  4. Substance Abuse • Individuals who abuse drugs or alcohol are three and a half times more likely to be involved in a workplace accident compared to individuals who do not abuse drugs or alcohol • 47% of industrial injuries are directly related to alcohol abuse or alcoholism 11 14

  5. The Facts – Drug & Alcohol Abuse • Workers have higher rates of turnover & absenteeism • More likely to have worked for 3 employers in the previous year • More likely to skip 2 days of work in a month • Also more likely missed 2 or more days due to injury or illness 12

  6. Drug-Free Workplace Policy Accomplishes two major things: 1. Sends a clear message that use of alcohol and drugs in the workplace is prohibited 2. Encourages employees who have problems with alcohol and other drugs to voluntarily seek help PPT-039-0 13 8

  7. Assistance • Employee Assistance Programs (EAP) • Employee provided healthcare insurance • Various Federal, State and Local programs EAP PPT-039-0 21

  8. NOT your Responsibility to • Diagnose drug and alcohol problems • Have all the answers • Provide counseling or therapy • Be a police officer PPT-039-02 27

  9. Alcohol & Drugs The Basics 44

  10. Substance Abuse When someone abuses or has an addiction to alcohol or other drugs it affects themselves as well as other people around them: • Emotionally • Behaviorally • Physically 45

  11. Alcohol • Odor (breath or on person) • Intoxication/drunk • Glazed look • Lack of focus • Uncharacteristically passive or combative • Argumentative • Deterioration of personal hygiene PPT-039-02 46

  12. Alcohol • Dysfunctional • Absenteeism (Mondays) • Blackouts • Loss of memory • Fixated on drinking (both social & professional) • Trouble with relationships • Difficulty walking PPT-039-02 47

  13. Cannabis (Marijuana) • Other: Hashish, Hashish oils • Active ingredient: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) • Not physically addictive, moderately addictive psychologically PPT-039-02 48

  14. Cannabis Effects • Euphoria • Impaired memory • Concentration • Knowledge retention • Loss of coordination • Loss of motivation • Animated behavior • Other similar conditions that impair work and personal relationships PPT-039-02 49

  15. Cannabis – What the Supervisor May See • Work level decrease • Increase of incidents • Loss of concentration • Repeating instructions • Breakage • Out of character behavior PPT-039-02 50

  16. Inhalants • Not regulated as typical drugs • Commonly found substances that produce certain effects similar to scheduled drugs • Examples: glue, marking pens, gasoline, butane, amyl nitrite and aerosol sprays PPT-039-02 51

  17. Inhalants • Loss of muscle control • Slurred speech • Respiratory failure • Cardiac arrest • Number of other physical symptoms • Brain & lung damage • Can be fatal (even in small amounts) 52

  18. Inhalants – What the Supervisor may see • Paint on nose or fingers • Drunk-like reaction • Trouble breathing • Loss of strength/control • Fatigue • Lack of coordination PPT-039-02 53

  19. Stimulants Signs & Symptoms • Increased heart rate • Alertness • Respiratory functioning • Restlessness • Agitation • Decreased appetite • Psychological dependency • Physical dependency PPT-039-02 54

  20. Stimulants Effects • Dilated pupils • Dry mouth • “Drug nose” look • Runny nose • Sinus/nasal problem • Nose bleeds • Bad breath • Euphoria • Fidgeting • No interest in food or sleep • Irritability • Argumentative • Nervous • Talkative with no direction PPT-039-02 55

  21. Stimulants – What the Supervisor may see • Increase in errors • Increased risk of accidents • Weight loss (facial) PPT-039-02 56

  22. Depressants • Frequent doctor trips for nervousness, anxiety, stress, etc. • Acting drunk (without odor) • Limited or no facial expression or animation • Personality is flat • Lacking energy • Slurred speech PPT-039-02 57

  23. Narcotics Signs & Symptoms • Acting lethargic or drowsy • Constricted pupils/not reactive • Redness & raw nostrils from inhalation • Track marks • Slurred speech • Frequent trips to doctors for pain medication • Increase in frequency and amount of prescribed pain medication w/o doctor consent • Sweating, vomiting, coughing & sniffling, twitching, loss of appetite PPT-039-02 58

  24. Why Synthetic? • Feels like a marijuana high • Danger of not knowing all of the ingredients in the synthetic product • Contaminated with impurities • Do not test positive on THC drug test PPT-039-02 59

  25. Designer Drugs • Psychoactive substances, stimulant • Amateur chemists - cookers • Injected, smoked, snorted or ingested • Rapid onset (1-4 minutes) • Short duration of action (30 minutes to a few hours) • Fentanyl is one of the 3 common bases for designer drugs = 80 to 100 times more potent then Heroin PPT-039-02 60

  26. Designer Drug Common Drugs Effects • Ecstasy • Adam • Lovers Speed • Special K • Fantasy • Nature’s Quaalude • Physical • Hypertension, blurred vision, tremors, drooling, anorexia, impaired speech, paralysis, seizures, brain damage, death • Psychological • Confusion, irritability, anxiety, emotional, irrational, depression, amnesia, violent behavior, insomnia PPT-039-02 61

  27. Bath Salts • Synthetic Drugs • “Plant food” • “Not for human consumption” • Synthetic drug is similar to a natural drug from Khat Plant • Crystals or capsules may contain anesthetic lidocaine PPT-039-02 62

  28. Bath Salts Brand Names Brand Names Incense Chemical Sprays • JWH-015, 018, 019, 073, 200, 398 • HU-210, 211 • CP 47, 497 • Genie • Yucatan Fire • King Krypto • Mr. Nice Guy • K-3 • Red Magic • Blueberry Medication • Super Skunk PPT-039-02 63

  29. Bath Salts Signs & Symptoms • Agitation • Extreme nervousness • Fast heartbeat • Increased blood pressure • Tremors/shaking • Vomiting • Hallucinations • Seizures PPT-039-02 64

  30. Bath Salts – What the Supervisor may see • Avoidance • Red-faced • Shaking/dropping things • Sick • Appears “out of it” • Sense of heart problems • Sweaty • Cool • Grabbing chest PPT-039-02 65

  31. Hallucinogens • LSD • Peyote • Psilocybin • Mushrooms • PCP PPT-039-02 66

  32. Hallucinogens Signs & Symptoms • Dilated pupils • Heavy sweating • Strong body odor • Distorted senses • Hallucinations • Distorted view of themselves • Self absorbed • Slurred speech • Confusion • Isolated/detached • Time (unaware) • Changes in mood and behaviors PPT-039-02 67

  33. Hallucinogens – What the Supervisor may see • Fixed small pupils • Sweating • Hyper sensitive • Separated from reality 68

  34. OTC Drugs • Both prescription and OTC drugs can affect the worker in numerous ways especially if a reaction or drug interaction occurs • Hard to predict; may have the same symptoms as alcohol or drug use, but could be caused by legal drugs • Consider a policy on OTC drugs in the workplace based on the job description PPT-039-02 69

  35. Common OTC & Prescription • Skeletal muscle relaxants • Anti-Diabetic Medications • Cold medicines • Allergy Medications • Opioids • Topiramate • Antihistamines • Antidepressants • Sedative Hypnotics • Anti-Anxiety Medications PPT-039-02 70

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