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Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) Air Emissions Consent Agreement. Larry Elmore Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, EPA Presentation at the National Air Quality Conference February 2007. Agreement Overview.
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Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) Air Emissions Consent Agreement Larry Elmore Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, EPA Presentation at the National Air Quality Conference February 2007
Agreement Overview • EPA & USDA asked National Academy of Science (NAS) to conduct the AFO air emissions study • NAS study conclusions: • No reliable emission factors for CAFOs exist • Additional data needed to develop estimating methodologies • Current methods for estimating emissions not appropriate • Use process-based approach • Consent agreement developed in response to: • Public concerns • NAS report • Consent agreement developed by: • EPA • Industry representatives • Proposed agreement coordinated with: • Agricultural industry representatives • State & local government officials • Environmental organizations • Citizen groups
Agreement Overview (cont) • What is the Agreement? • Voluntary consent agreement open to contract growers and integrators. • Industry funded study. • Targeted CAFO sectors: • Swine • Poultry • Layers • Broilers • Turkey • Dairy • Signup closed August 12, 2005 • Information available at: • www.epa.gov/fedrgstr • www.epa.gov/airlinks/airlinks3.html • www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/agreements/caa/cafo-agr-0501.html
Monitoring Study - Signups • EPA received approximately 2,700 agreements representing over 13,000 farms.
Monitoring Study - Overview • Purpose: gather data for developing emission estimating methodologies • Funding provided by participating CAFOs • Monitor for: • Particulate matter • Hydrogen sulfide • Volatile organic compounds • Ammonia • Monitoring anticipated to begin in Spring 2007 and continue for 2 years. • Data made available to the public after it has undergone EPA quality assurance procedures.
Monitoring Study – Site Selection • Focuses on three CAFO sectors • Swine • Poultry • Dairy • Types of operations • Sow, nursery, finisher (swine) • layers, broilers, hatchery, pullet (poultry) • Dairy • Manure Management Techniques • Liquid system • Solid system • Regional representation • Proximity to potential principal investigators • Agency oversight
Monitoring Study – Work Plan Development • EPA has approved the monitoring plan & sites: • Approved on November 29, 2006 • Plan included: • Quality Assurance Project Plans (1 each for lagoons and barns) • Standard Operating Procedures (76 unique SOP’s drafted) • 24 monitoring sites approved • EPA anticipates monitoring will begin in Spring ‘07
What’s Next? • Order equipment and assemble monitoring trailers – 6 months • Train staff and mobilize equipment to the field – concurrent w/ above • Begin data collection – staggered throughout Spring 07 + 2 years • Complete data analysis and publish Emission Estimating Methodologies – 18 months after completion of data collection • Development of a website for posting information about this study
Overlooked Facts • The Agreement is not a rulemaking effort. • The Agreement does not: • Affect EPA’s ability to respond if public health, welfare or the environment are endangered; • Provide protection from criminal violations of environmental laws; • Affect compliance by CAFOs with any requirement of the Clean Water Act; and • Affect States’ or citizens’ ability to enforce compliance with State laws.
Overlooked Facts (con’t) • Participants receive a limited “covenant not to sue” for past violations of the CAA permitting requirements; and CERCLA and EPCRA hazardous substance reporting requirements. • However the Covenant: • Applies only to past violations and terminates shortly after monitoring study is complete; • Covers only violations related to emissions from agricultural waste at emission units located at participating farms; and • Is nullified if the CAFO fails to comply with State nuisance orders.
Overlooked Facts (con’t) • The Covenant does not: • Cover emissions from sources not participating in the agreement; • Cover land application or other sources; and • Affect permit requirements for new or modified sources. • A CAFO subject to certain Federal or State enforcement actions may not be eligible to participate in the Agreement.
Contacts • Ag. air quality issues – • OAQPS Communication: • Alison Davis, 919/541-7587