1 / 23

Understanding the Cardio-Respiratory System: Gaseous Exchange and Blood Vessels

Learn about the respiratory system, gaseous exchange, blood vessel structure and function, and blood redistribution during exercise.

peggyw
Download Presentation

Understanding the Cardio-Respiratory System: Gaseous Exchange and Blood Vessels

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. In order for respiration to take place air must be taken in. Nametwo of the air passages which allow air to enter the body. 1. ____________________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________ (2) Describe what gaseous exchange is and clearly state where it takes place. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (3) (Total 5 marks) Explain how diffusion takes place in the alveoli. (4)

  2. (i)      Award one mark for each of the correctly named air passages •        mouth •        nose •        pharynx •        epiglottis •        larynx •        trachea •        bronchi •        bronchioles (ii)      Award up to three marks for a correct answer. •        award up to two marks for correctly describing it as the oxygen being taken in / being exchanged for the carbon dioxide which is to be breathed out •        award one mark for stating that gaseous exchange occurs in the lungs / alveoli

  3. Applied Anatomy and PhysiologyThe cardio-respiratory system Blood Vessels

  4. To describe the characteristics of the various blood vessels in the body. • To apply their structure to their function within the circulatory system. • To assess how arteries redistribute blood during exercise.

  5. Blood Vessels • Arteries • Veins • Capillaries • On average we have 100,000 miles of blood vessels in our adult bodies. • Carry about 8 pints of blood around the body.

  6. Blood Vessels- Arteries • Arteries carry oxygenated blood Away from the left side of the heart. • High pressure to push the blood around the body. • Stretch and flex as the blood surges through them. Arteries = Away from the heart.

  7. Blood Vessels- Arteries

  8. Blood Vessels- Veins • Veins carry de-oxygenated blood towards the heart. • Low pressure as the blood returns to the heart • Not elastic and have no stretch. • Have valves to prevent backflow of blood. Veins = Carry blood into the Heart.

  9. Blood Vessels- Veins

  10. Blood Vessels- Capillaries • Huge network of tiny vessels. • Link Arteries and Veins. • Very narrow only allowing 1 red blood cell at a time. • Thin walls to allow rapid and effective diffusion.

  11. Blood Vessels- Capillaries

  12. Task • Using Play-Doh create the 3 types of blood vessel. • Using the white board pen, write on the desk to label the characteristics of each blood vessel

  13. Blood Vessels • 1 cell thick. • Tiny lumen to allow 1 red blood cell. • Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. • High pressure- Thick, elastic walls. • Pulsate to surge blood around body. • Small lumen • Oxygenated blood • Lower pressure- Thinner walls. • Non elastic. • Valves to prevent backflow. • Deoxygenated blood.

  14. Redistribution of Blood during exercise During exercise where does the blood flow need to be concentrated?

  15. Redistribution of Blood during exercise

  16. Discussion Questions Why do we go red after exercise? When it is cold what happens to your fingers and toes? What is the difference between these two images? Why do athletes not eat less than 2 hours before an event?

  17. Redistribution of Blood during exercise During exercise where does the blood flow need to be concentrated? • Exercise • Greater demand for oxygen from voluntary muscles • Greater demand to get rid of CO2 from voluntary muscles • Increased flow to voluntary muscles

  18. The Vascular Shunt • Vascular- Vessels • This refers to the redistribution of blood during and after exercise. • At rest blood is concentrated towards the vital organs. • Blood is diverted to the working muscles during exercise.

  19. Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction • Arteries have thick muscular walls which are able to constrict and relax. • This opens or closes the lumen (inner ‘hole’) and restricts or allows blood flow.

  20. Vasoconstriction Vasoconstriction – Closing of the lumen restricting blood flow.

  21. Vasodilation Vasodilation – Opening of the lumen allowing increased blood flow.

  22. Application • Identify the 3 types of blood vessel and describe their structure. • Discuss the 3 types of blood vessel and explain how their structure assists the circulatory system. • Analyse the impact of exercise on the blood vessels.

More Related