Cellular Respiration Thurs 9 / 12 /13 &

Cellular Respiration Thurs 9/12/13 & Tues 9/17/13 • Finish up Basic Energy / ATP outline • Cellular Respiration • exchange of gases • three stages of cellular respiration • input & output of stages // recycling of molecules • how ATP is formed // role of oxygen

Cellular Respiration:

Cellular Respiration & Breathing: • cellular respiration takes place at level of cells • cells need • cells • respiratory system • circulatory system see fig 15.9

Stages of Cellular Respiration: • 4 stages -- • aerobic -- • takes place in mitochondrion • glycolysis (cytoplasm) • prep reaction (matrix) • citric acid cycle (matrix) • electron transport chain (membrane)

Cellular Respiration -- harvesting energy through the exchange of gases (O2 --> CO2) • requires oxygen • each stage • molecules need • w/o oxygen • e.g., • in the absence of oxygen -

energy stored Glycolysis: • splitting of sugar molecule • energy-investment steps • energy fig 7.4

Glycolysis: • potential energy stored in • additional energy stored in • pyruvate - • NADH - fig 7.4

Production on ATP -- (1st way): • Substrate-level ATP synthesis • stripping • formation of new bond - • occurs in pg116

Preparatory reaction: Pyruvate Oxidation • Pyruvate is oxidized • convert to CoAw/ two carbon attached (Acetyl-CoA) • Acetyl-CoA channeled to: pg 118

Citric Acid Cycle • Note: • two acetyl-CoA molecules fig. 7.5

Citric Acid Cycle understand fig. 7.5 • start with Acetyl-CoA • two carbons added to 4-carbon molecule • 6-C converted to 5-C • 5-C converted to 4-C

Production on ATP – 2nd wayvia Electron Transport Chain fig 7.6b • transfer of electrons • series of • energy can be fig 7.3

Production on ATP via Electron Transport Chain • electron carriers within membrane • accept: • energy given off • build up concentration • ATP synthase channel opens fig 7.7

fig 7.7 Electron Transport Chain: • kinetic energy of movement of H+ • oxygen is the • W/O oxygen • ATP Note:

Cellular Respiration Overview: • Glycolysis: • Inputs: • Outputs: 2 Pyruvate, • Pyruvate Oxidation • Inputs: 2 Pyruvate, • Outputs: Acetyl-CoA, • Krebs Cycle: • Inputs: Acetyl-CoA (2-C), • Outputs: • Electron Transport: • Inputs: • Outputs:

Anaerobic Respiration - • Fermentation: • produces • Pyruvate is the • NAD+ is in • NADH carries • e- donated to • O2 is final

Anaerobic Respiration - • alcoholic & lactic acid fermentation - • Humans: • In presence of O2 • muscle burn see fig 7.9

Anaerobic Respiration - • Yeast: • can carry out • in anaerobic environments • by products are see fig 7.9

Energy can be extracted from more than just glucose. • polysaccharides • proteins • monoglycerides and fatty acides Not Just Glucose reactions reversible

Biosynthesis pathways -- benefit of food - other than fuel: • food is the raw material for new molecules • consume ATP --

Cellular Respiration Thurs 9 / 12 /13 &