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Native American Resistance. Indian Resistance. Hundreds of battles, wars, and massacres took place on the Plains between 1865-1890 in an effort to resist reservations and preserve the Indian way of life: 1. Sand Creek Massacre 2. Red River Wars 3. Battle of Little Big Horn
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Indian Resistance • Hundreds of battles, wars, and massacres took place on the Plains between 1865-1890 in an effort to resist reservations and preserve the Indian way of life: 1. Sand Creek Massacre 2. Red River Wars 3. Battle of Little Big Horn 4. Massacre of Wound Knee
The Indian Wars • Sand Creek Massacre (1864) • Around 450 Cheyenne men, women, & children killed in village • One year later: Cheyenne surrender all claims & agree to move onto reservations—turning point in resistance
1876, in present-day Montana Between Sioux (put up greatest resistance) led by Chief Sitting Bull and U.S. cavalry led by Lieutenant Colonel George ArmstrongCuster Battle of Little Bighorn
Battle of Little Bighorn • Custer & more than 200 soldiers killed • Marked the Indian’s final victory • Sioux returned to reservations
Land • The U.S. gave land to Native Americans in return for the Natives agreeing to move away from their original homes. • Whenever settlers came in, the U.S. tried to force Native Americans to move.
The Native Americans fought the U.S. for decades. • Eventually, Natives were defeated by superior numbers and technology of U.S. • BUT… the Native Americans had several victories, including the famous victory at the Battle of Little Bighorn in Montana.
Little Bighorn • June 25, 1876 • Civil War veteran George Armstrong Custer attacked over 2000 Sioux with only a few hundred men.
Little Bighorn • Custer and his men were utterly defeated.
Battle of Little Bighorn • Custer & more than 200 soldiers killed • Marked the Indian’s final victory • Sioux returned to reservations
Treaties and Reservations Failed • Created a system of Indian dependence on the Federal Government • Americans continued to violate treaty terms with no punishment. • March 3, 1871 Federal Government ended all treaty making policies. • Ended tribal sovereignty • Removed all political power from tribes and forced them to remain on reservations.