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Space Systems

Space Systems. Bob Hall & John Carrico. Agenda. Background Examples How AGI technology is applied to space When AGI technology is applied to space. Background. STK, ODTK, NTK: “Tool Kit” Many small tools that used together can model large complex systems Models of how things move

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Space Systems

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  1. Space Systems Bob Hall & John Carrico

  2. Agenda • Background • Examples • How AGI technology is applied to space • When AGI technology is applied to space

  3. Background • STK, ODTK, NTK: “Tool Kit” • Many small tools that used together can model large complex systems • Models of how things move • Models of moving payloads on moving things • Sensors • Antennas • Models of how these moving things interact

  4. Background… • Space Applications • Defense • Air Force and other DoD • UK MOD • French Air Force • Civil • NASA • ESA • CNES • DLR • JAXA • NSPO • Commercial and Contractors • Digital Globe, Space Imaging, OrbImage, Sirius, XM • Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Orbital Sciences • Qinetiq, SSTL • EADS Astrium • RSC Energia

  5. Examples • 1 spacecraft • 2 spacecraft • Many spacecraft

  6. Imaging satellite • When can I take a picture of a target? • Constraints • Lighting • Terrain

  7. Jammed Beam Communications • When can I communicate with my satellite? • Constraints • Signal-to-noise; Bit error rate • Terrain • Interference and jamming

  8. Attitude • Model attitude control laws • Sensors • Actuators

  9. Solar power • Calculate power based on solar array geometry relative to Sun

  10. Sensor obscuration • Parts of spacecraft block sensor field-of-view

  11. Ground-track control • Repeating-ground-track Sun-synchronous frozen- orbit

  12. Transfer to geostationary • Normal transfer • Sensor constraints • Where to put sensors • Sun sensor • Maneuvers • Launch window • Delta-V vs Sun angle

  13. Transfer to geostationary… • AsiaSat3 rescue • Low-thrust

  14. Geostationary • Orbit • Communications • Multi-beam and shaped patterns

  15. Lunar transfer

  16. Lunar landing • Landing site selection • Communications • Lighting • Terrain • Soft landing • Closed loop control

  17. Libration point • Sun-Earth/Moon • Gravity assist

  18. Libration point… • Earth-Moon • Communications relay • Station/depot • Transfer

  19. Libration point… • Any set of bodies

  20. Interplanetary • Communications, coverage, attitude, orbits, maneuvers work around other planets • Aerobraking • Make your own asteroids

  21. Multiple hop communications • Chains

  22. ODTK • Tracking spacecraft and calculating the orbit • Operations • Automation • Notification

  23. Error Analysis • Tracking schedule to meet requirements • With STK • What types of tracking do I need • Is it worth it to add additional hardware? • What if we miss a pass?

  24. ODTK… • Maneuver detection • Maneuver and OD • Maneuver calibration

  25. Rendezvous • Rendezvous: often used to describe getting a spacecraft from one orbit to a control box near but offset from another • Rendezvous from 6678 km sma orbit to 6838 km sma orbit • 4 maneuvers used to execute 2 Hohmann transfers • Proximity Operations: Begins after rendezvous • Very near another spacecraft (e.g., < 1 km) • Docking: Controlling spacecraft to touch at desired velocity

  26. Docking • Closed loop control • Fuzzy logic controller used for multiple constraints

  27. Proximity Operations • Moving one spacecraft around and close to another • Multiple way-points and collection stay-times

  28. Formation flying • Formation design • Communications • Science and sensor collection

  29. Coordinated mission Sensors Communications Constellation design Relative station keeping Constellations

  30. Space and other objects • Interaction with missiles, ground, sea, and air • Same capabilities work communications, navigation, sensor collection

  31. Close approach • Conjunction analysis • Launch windows • Laser clearinghouse

  32. Coverage • Single object • Area • Constraints • Interference • Terrain • Attitude • Works on the Moon and Mars

  33. GPS • NTK • Ground • Aircraft • Spacecraft

  34. Scheduling Timeslots Tasks Scheduled Activity Resources Resource Availability

  35. STK/Analyzer • Parametric analysis • Monte Carlo • Runs STK for you

  36. How technology is applied • Desktop • Automated desktop • Matlab, • Excel • Real-time situational awareness • Server on a network • Embedded system

  37. Desktop • Interactive • From quick trade-off studies to high-fidelity analysis • Reports and graphs

  38. Automated desktop • Use, Matlab, Excel, or other programs to run software for you

  39. Real-time situational awareness • Telemetry monitoring • Other feeds • Flight Control

  40. Live server on a network • LAN • HTML • Web Services

  41. Pre-computed data Ground tracks Sensor footprints Data served on a network

  42. Embedded system • STKx • 4DX

  43. When technology is applied • Proposals • Early analysis • System design • Pre-launch analysis • Operations • Payload support • Contingency operations • Post-mission

  44. Summary • Many tools used in different ways applied to many situations • Many examples of AGI Technology applied to space – more to come • Designed for complete life-cycle

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