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Warm-up

Warm-up. What happens to the solubility of a gas in solution when: The temperature is increased The pressure is increased. Acid Properties. sour taste when dissolved in water turns litmus paper red/ phenolphthalein stays clear react with metals to make H 2 (g)

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Warm-up

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  1. Warm-up What happens to the solubility of a gas in solution when: The temperature is increased The pressure is increased

  2. Acid Properties • sour taste when dissolved in water • turns litmus paper red/ phenolphthalein stays clear • react with metals to make H2(g) • Ba(s) + H2SO4(aq)  BaSO4(aq) + H2(g) • react with bases to make salt and water • HBr(aq) + KOH(aq)  H2O(l) + KBr(aq) • conduct electricity (electrolytes)

  3. Common Acids • Sulfuric acid: H2SO4 • used in car batteries • Nitric acid: HNO3 • used in explosives • Phosphoric acid: H3PO4 • used as flavoring in soft drinks • Hydrochloric acid: HCl • stomach produces it • Acetic acid: HCH3COO or HC2H3O2 • vinegar contains it

  4. Types of Acids • Monoprotic acids • Only have one acidic proton (H+) • HNO2, HBr, HCH3COO(HC2H3O2) • Polyprotic acids- diprotic, triprotic • Contains more than one acidic proton (H+) • H3PO4, H2SO4, H2Te

  5. Base Properties • taste bitter • turn pH paper blue/phenolphthalein turns bright pink • feel slippery when dissolved in water • react with acids to make salt and water • electrolyte

  6. Definitions of Acids and Bases • Arrhenius Acid- compound that creates H+ (H3O+) in an aqueous solution • Arrhenius Base- compound that creates OH- in an aqueous solution • HNO3 H+ + NO3- • NaOH  Na+ + OH-

  7. Definitions of Acids and Bases • Bronsted-Lowry Acid- molecule or ion that is a proton (H+) donor • Bronsted-Lowry Base- molecule or ion that is a proton (H+) acceptor • HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl-

  8. Identify the acids and bases of the following reactions • C6H5NH2 + H2O  C6H5NH3+ + OH- • HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3- • HCH3COO + H2O  H3O+ + CH3COO-

  9. Acid-Base Reactions • Amphoteric Substances • Can act as either acid or base depending on what they are mixed with • Example: Water, HSO4-

  10. Conjugate base What is left of the acid Missing a hydrogen Conjugate acid What become of the base Has an extra hydrogen Conjugate Acid-Base PairsConjugate acids and bases are always created by a B-L reaction (are products)

  11. Identify the parts of these reactions • C6H5NH2 + H2O  C6H5NH3+ + OH- • HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3- • HCH3COO + H2O  H3O+ + CH3COO- NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH-

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