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Child Care review. Principles of Development . At each stage of development children have certain task to learn. These skills are referred to as DEVELOPMENTAL tasks Milestones provide Benchmarks that help to Measure a child’s progress.
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Principles of Development • At each stage of development children have certain task to learn. • These skills are referred to as DEVELOPMENTAL tasks • Milestones provide Benchmarks that help to Measure a child’s progress.
All children master developmental tasks in the SAME ORDER OR SEQUENCE • Children master SIMPLE before COMPLEX tasks • The mastery of these tasks moves from HEAD to TOE • Children master these tasks at their own RATE or PACE
Gross motor skills • Crawling, Walking, Pulling ones self up • Fine motor skills: small muscles • Hands and fingers
Grasping Reflex Rooting Reflex When cheek is stroked- head turns & mouth opens. Helps baby find food Hand closes when anything touches his palm. Very strong grip
The ability to know an object still exist even when it is gone is
A toddler is ego-centric. What does this mean? • Its all about them • Socially, toddlers engage in parallel play. What does that mean? • They play along side another child
Preschool age • Physical: A preschooler’s physical development includes the acquisition of gross and fine motor abilities. By the end of the • preschool years, most children will reach several gross and fine motor milestones. Gross motor abilities involve large • muscle groups and fall under the categories of running and walking; throwing and catching; climbing and jumping; and • balancing. Fine motor skills involve the small muscle groups of the hands and fingers and include skills like drawing, • snipping, zipping, and molding with clay. Good nutrition and the proper amount of sleep are crucial to a preschooler’s • physical development.
Preschool continued • Preschoolers are children between the ages of three and five. • Their physical development includes the acquisition of gross and fine motor skills. • Many developmental milestones are reached by the end of the preschool years. • Good nutrition and the proper amount of sleep are crucial to a preschooler’s development. • Though preschoolers will grow and develop no matter what, there are things that caregivers can do to foster this development. • When a child interacts with her environment, her brain makes connections that aid in future learning experiences.
• There are many concepts that preschoolers struggle with on a cognitive level. • Preschoolers begin to develop symbolic thinking which aids in literacy and language skills. • They develop a social an emotional skill set that allows them to develop a self concept and learn how to interact with others. • Culture and gender affect their social and emotional development. • Children learn and progress through various stages of play. • Some preschoolers have challenging conditions that can affect their development. • Children with special needs are often included with typically developing children in classroom environments.