Akash Porwal 1 , Bidhubhusan Mahapatra 1 , Narender Kande 2 , Niranjan Saggurti 1

1. Factors associated with the improvement in institutional capacity of community-based organizations among high-risk population groups in India Akash Porwal1,Bidhubhusan Mahapatra1, Narender Kande2, Niranjan Saggurti1 1Population Council, New Delhi; 2Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 20th International AIDS Society Conference Melbourne, Australia (20–25 July 2014)

2. Community mobilization intervention in Avahan Participation & engagement in… HRG interventions Structural interventions Organizational development • Mapping • Outreach • Health clinics • Drop-in centers • Committees • Crisis response • Entitlements • Advocacy • Capacity-building activities • CBO development

3. Community-based organizations’ (CBOs) capacity building • Leadership • Organizational Management • Networking • Fund raising • Project management

4. Measurement of CBO performance • Program monitoring data on performance parameters is documented starting April 2012

5. Measurement of CBO performance: Data collection • Quarterly collection across 4 states of India • 25 indicators across 6 domains • Performance of CBO is assessed by assigning weights (score) to each indicator

6. Measurement of CBO performance Maximum scores of different domains of community mobilization Score for different indicators was calculated as follows: • Indicators which were related to achievement in terms of CBO member numbers or estimated population; target was calculated by dividing achievement with estimated population • For remaining indicators, targets were decided a priori. A score of “1” was assigned if target is achieved; otherwise “0” was assigned to the indicator

7. Research hypotheses • Progress in organizational development over time is likely dependent on: • Duration of CBOs registration (<5 years, 5+ years) • Size of CBO membership (<1500, 1500+ members) • Location of CBO (Rural/urban) • Implementing any targeted intervention program (Yes/No)

8. Overall progress and performance of CBOs

9. Domain wise overall performance of CBOs

10. Resources mobilized by CBOs 83% in Q1 2014 Around 91 CBOs in 4 Indian states raised project funds of INR 35 million‡+INR 700,000 generated in membership/user fees Increasing numbers of CBOs are raising funds from external resources 24% in Q2 2012† †n=104; *Figures in million INR. ‡USD 1=INR 58. Source for figures: Population Council and Praxis, unpublished. Avahan MIS data. New Delhi, India.

11. Performance of CBOs based on size P=0.001

12. Performance of CBOs based on location P=0.003

13. Performance of CBOs based on duration of registration

14. Performance of CBOs based on implementation of TI

15. Summary • Systematic capacity building of CBOs have shown results in improved performance of CBOs. • Larger CBOs perform better compared to smaller CBOs. • However, the duration of the CBO’s existence has no association with the performance. • Moreover, resource mobilization is key to the success of a CBO.

16. Acknowledgements Avahan, the India AIDS initiative of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation For more information: Akash Porwal, aporwal@popcouncil.org THANK YOU!