The Animal Kingdom

1. The Animal Kingdom

2. 5 kingdoms 1. Monerans • Bacteria, prokaryotic 2. Protista • single celled, eukaryotic • Plantae • Fungi • Animalia

3. Characteristics of Animals • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Reproduce • Specialized Cells • Heterotrophic (must obtain food) • Must Digest Food • Most animals move and have a fixed size in the adult form

4. B C A ANIMAL PHYLA

5. 3 4 1 2 11 9 10 7 8 5 6

6. Classification of Animals Symmetry: AssymetricalRadialBilateral Body Cavity: AcoelomatePseudoceolomateCoelomate Embryonic Openings ProtostomeDeuterostome

7. Symmetry

8. Body Symmetry of Animals

9. Asymmetrycannot be divided into mirror images • Ex- sponges • Very simple organisms • Believed this type of organism evolved 1st

10. Radial Symmetry:can be cut in half along many planes that allow for nearly identical halves Ex- Hydra: adaptation to be able to see prey coming at it from any direction

11. Bilateral Symmetry:a single plane divides body into two mirror images More complex organisms exhibit this kind of symmetry

12. Get ready to CLICK!!!

13. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

14. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

15. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

16. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

17. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

18. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

19. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

20. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

21. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

22. What type of symmetry is shown here? • Bilateral • Radial • Asymmetry

23. How else do we classify Animals? DNA Coelom or not Physical Characteristics

24. Proto/Deuterostomes • Deuterostomes • Radial Cleavage • Blastopore becomes the _______ • Indeterminate Cleavage: which means early on in development the fates of the cells are undetermined • Protostomes- • Spiral Cleavage • Blastopore becomes the _______ • Determinate Cleavage- which means that each cell of the embryo has a fixed or determined fate.

25. Body cavity

26. Acoelomates • FLATWORMS (Phylum _________) • May be the 1st organisms to evolve organs from mesoderm • Solid, compact body • Organs imbedded in the solid tissue of the body. • first to have the three cell layers • Ecto/endo/mesoderm • Have a digestive tract (one way gut)

27. Pseudocoelomates • Roundworms (Phylum _________) • Have a body cavity • It’s fluid-filled and partly lined with mesoderm • Enables animal to move more quickly • Muscles attach to the mesoderm and brace against the pseudocoelom

28. Coelomates • Segmented worms (Phylum ______) • Coelom provides space for development of organs/ organ systems • This allows for membranes like the parietals and viscerals Have a TRUE body cavity • COELOM= fluid-filled space COMPLETELY surrounded by mesoderm. • Coelom cushions and protects internal organs and provides room for them to grow and move independently