Gerunds Exercise 1

1. Gerunds Exercise 1 having spoken B1. • I regret __________ (speak) on his behalf. • I regret ___________ (deceive) my fiancée. • They regretted __________ (go) to Japan on holiday. • I confess to ___________ (take) your dictionary. • She regrets ___________ (cause) you so much trouble. having deceived having gone having taken having caused

2. Gerunds having made B2. • He admits __________ (make) a mistake. • He denied __________ (lie) to her. • She admitted ____________ (be) out after midnight. having lied having been

3. Gerunds C. • I dislike ____________(punish). • He dislikes _____________ (scold). • She hates ____________ (look) down on. • He hates ___________ (yell) at. being punished being scolded being looked being yelled

4. Gerunds swimming II A • It is dangerous _________ (swim) alone. = It is dangerous to swim alone. (Inf) = To swim alone is dangerous. (Inf)

5. Gerunds swimming II B It is a nightmare _________ (swim) alone. = It is dangerous swimming alone. • It is a tedious business ________ (attend) a three-hour lecture. • = It is boring attending a three-hour lecture. (Inf) • = It is boring to attend a three-hour lecture. attending

6. Gerunds II C • It is no good _________ (study) overnight before exams. = It is not good to study overnight before exams. (Infinitive) • It is no use __________ (argue) with an unreasonable person. = It is useless to argue with an unreasonable person. studying arguing

7. Gerunds II D • There is no point in _______ (take) the exam again. • What is the point of ________ (take) the exam again? taking taking

8. Gerunds smoking moving paying II E • He gave up __________ (smoke). • I am against ________ (move) to the New Territories. • He insisted on ________ (pay) for me. • She left without __________ (say) goodbye. • It is difficult to get used to ______ (eat) Japanese food. • The school is for __________ (teach) the mentally retarded. • He cannot stop himself from _________ (walk). • No one can prevent himself from _________ (meet) accidents. • We congratulate him on ________ (win) first prize. • You should concentrate on _______ (do) your homework. • We should keep on _________ (try). • We finally succeed in __________ (get) the first prize. saying eating teaching walking meeting winning doing trying getting

9. Gerunds helping working ii F • I object to _________ (help) her. • He will become used to _________ (work) alone. • I am close to __________ (realise) my dream. • He is confined to ____________ (watch) two television series a week. • She is devoted to __________ (help) the needy. • When it comes to ___________ (speak) in public, he becomes so shy that he can only stammer. • We are all susceptible to ___________(advertise). • Hard work is the only key to _________ (pass) exams. • His approach to _______ (teach) and ______ (write) is original. • I am sorry for ________ (be) late. = I am late and I am sorry about it. realising watching helping speaking advertising passing teaching writing being

10. Gerunds holding ii G • What about __________ (hold) a fun fair this weekend? • How about ____________ (postpone) the meeting till next Wednesday? postponing

11. Gerunds making ii H • I avoid _________ (make) the same mistake. • I postpone ___________ (pay) the bill. • I consider ____________ (emigrate) to Canada. • I can’t help ___________ (think) of her. • Is the book worth ___________ (read)? • She does the __________ (shop) herself. • We will go __________ (picnic) this Sunday paying emigrating thinking reading shopping picnicking

12. Gerunds iii A Mean + Gerund (= amount to or equal to) To some students, not being able to get an A means ___________ (fail). Arguing with the boss means ___________ (ask) for trouble. Mean + infinitive (= intend to or want to) I did not mean to ________ (offend) you. failing asking offend

13. Gerunds iii C Try + gerund (= method or way to solve a problem) • If you want to lose weight, why don’t you try _________ (eat) less? • If you want to lose weight, why don’t you try __________ (take) up aerobics? Try + infinitive ( = make an effort to) • I know that I am too fat and I am trying to _______ (lose) weight. eating taking lose

14. Gerunds iii D Stop + gerund ( = 1 action; don’t do anything else) • When the time is up, all the students stop __________ (write). Stop + infinitive ( = 2 actions; stop the first action before doing the second action) • On my way to school, I stopped _________ (help) a blind man cross the road. writing to help

15. Gerunds iii E • The school does not allow students ___________ (smoke). • The school does not allow ________ (smoke). • The school forbids students _______ (eat) in the classroom. • The school forbids ________ (eat) in the classroom. to smoke smoking to eat eating

16. Gerunds to marry/marrying iii F • I would advise him _____________ (marry) another woman. • I would advise _________ (choose) the second applicant. choosing

17. Gerunds iii G Like + gerund ( = general meaning) • I like ___________ (swim). Like + infinitive (= sth that you are going to do) • I like ___________ (swim) when it is hot in the afternoon. swimming to swim

18. Gerunds iii H prefer + gerund (= sth already in progress) • I prefer __________ (sit) next to him. (= already sitting next to him) prefer + infinitive (sth going to happen) • I prefer ___________ (sit) next to him. (= going to sit next to him) sitting to sit

19. Gerunds to cut iii I • I need ______ (cut) my hair. (active infinitive) • My hair needs________ (cut). (gerund) • My hair needs ___________ (cut). (passive infinitive) • Your hair is too long. It needs ________ (cut). • Your hair is too long. It needs ________ (cut). • The car is dirty. It needs __________ (wash). • The car is dirty. It needs ______________ (wash). cutting to be cut cutting to be cut washing to be washed