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Civil Rights Review

Explore pivotal moments in the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, from the passage of landmark legislation to courageous protests against discrimination. Witness the fight for equality through the lenses of notable figures like Martin Luther King, Jr. and significant events including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

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Civil Rights Review

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  1. Civil Rights Review • Civil Rights Act 1964 • Banned discrimination in most employment and in public accommodations • Enlarged federal power to protect voting rights and speed up school desegregation

  2. Civil Rights Crusade • 1961 Freedom riders, blacks, whites sit, use station facilities together • Riders brutally beaten by Alabama mobs; one bus firebombed • Bus companies refuse to carry CORE freedom riders • Robert Kennedy pressures bus companies to continue carrying riders

  3. Integrating University of Mississippi • James Meredith 1962 enrolls at University of Mississippi • Governor Ross Barnett refuse to let Meredith register • JFK orders federal marshals to escort Meredith to registrar's office • Federal officials escort him to class

  4. Heading into Birmingham • April 1963 attempts desegregate Birmingham • King arrested, writes “Letters from Birmingham Jail” • TV news show police attacking child marchers, fires hoses, dogs, clubs • Protest, economic boycott, bad press ends segregation

  5. Kennedy Takes a Stand • June, JFK sends troops to force Governor Wallace to desegregate University of Alabama • NAACP’s Medgar Evers murdered, hung juries lead to killer’s release

  6. March on Washington • August 1963, over 250,000 people converge on Washington • Speakers demand immediate passage of Civil Rights Bill • King give “I Have A Dream” speech

  7. More Violence • September, 4 Birmingham girls killed when bomb thrown into church • LBJ signed Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Prohibits discrimination because of race, religion, gender

  8. Fighting for Voting Rights • Freedom Summer, CORE, SNCC project to register blacks to vote in Mississippi • Volunteers beaten, killed; businesses, homes, churches burned

  9. The Selma Campaign • 1965, voting rights demonstrator killed in Selma, Alabama • King leads 600 protest marchers; TV. shows police violently stopping them • Second march, with federal protection, swells to 25,000 people

  10. Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Congress finally passes Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Stops literacy tests, allows federal officials to enroll voters • Increases black voter enrollment

  11. Civil Rights Act of 1968 • Prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of most housing • Strengthened antilynching laws

  12. Montgomery Bus Boycott • 1955 NAACP officer Rosa Parks arrested for not giving up seat on bus • Bus Boycott, leader Martin Luther King, Jr. • 1956 Supreme Court outlawed bus segregation

  13. Brown v Board of Education • 1954 case which ended school segregation • Within 1 year, over 500 school districts desegregate • Eisenhower refuses to enforce compliances; considers it impossible

  14. Movement Spreads • First sit-ins at Greensboro, N.C. Woolworth’s shown nationwide on TV • Late 1960, lunch counters desegregated in 48 cities in 11 states • SNCC adopts nonviolence, but calls for more confrontational strategy • In spite of abuse, arrests, movement grows, spreads North

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