The differences between the Ancient Egyptians and the Ancient Greeks

1. The differences between the Ancient Egyptians and the Ancient Greeks

2. They both worshipped their Gods • Aphrodite (Greek) and Hathor (Egyptian) were both Goddesses of Love. • Ares and Horus were both Gods of War. • Apollo and Ra were both Gods of the Sun. • Athena and Thoth were the Goddess and God of Wisdom. • Demeter and Wadj-wer were the Goddess and God of Fertility. • Hera and Nut were the Goddesses of Heaven. • Hades and Osiris were the Gods of the Underworld. • Artemis and Satis were the Gods of Hunting.

3. Erebos and Kuk were both Gods of Darkness. • Gaia and Geb were a Goddess and God of the Earth. • Hecate and Isis were both Goddesses of Magic. • Perses and Sekhmet were a God and Goddess of Destuction. • Apollo and Ma’at were a God and Goddess of Truth

4. Burials The Egyptians used Mummification as a means of preserving the dead. Only the richest and most powerful people in Egyptian society were mummified. The procedure was long and expensive. There were three main people that took part in the process; the scribe, the cutter and the embalmer. It was the scribes role to supervise the cutting of the body. The opening was made by the cutter. This method was considered unclean, which limited the cutters position in society. The embalmer was a class of priest which would then prepare and remove the organs and prepare the body. The mummification would take place in a workshop near the tomb. The process would often take over two months.

5. The body would be stripped and placed on a board. The brain was extracted through the nose. The empty brain cavity was filled with linen. The chest would then be cut open and the organs removed with the exception of the heart. After the organs were removed they were placed in Canopic jars with a drying agent.

6. The Greeks closed the eyes and mouth of the corpse and then washed the body, it was anointed and wrapped in a shroud. It was then placed on a Kline (like a couch) with its feet to the door. The body lay on a bed of vine, myrtle and laurel leaves. The procession to the grave usually took place on the third day of death. The body, still resting on the Kline, was either carried, or drawn by a cart. Men walked in front of the body and women walked behind it and the procession would be followed by flute players. At the grave, the body would either be buried or cremated. After being cremated the bones and ashes were collected and placed in an urn. The ground was soaked with the blood of sacrificed animals in order to sooth the dead.

7. Beliefs of the afterlife In Egypt, the afterlife was seen as the ideal version of Egypt. The afterlife was a place of complete bliss, delight and peace. The Afterlife was referred to as the Field of Rushes or the Field of Offerings. Ancient Egyptians provided for their afterlives according to their earthly means. The Ancient Egyptians were preoccupied by death and believed the after death they would go to the dark and horrifying place called the Underworld. The Underworld was a land of great dangers and various tests through which every Egyptian would have to pass before entering the Afterlife. The Ancient Greeks believed that when they died they would be sent to Hades in the Underworld.

8. Technology The Greeks had many inventions that are very commonly used today. Some of these are: • The Talos. This was a fully functional robot that was made by Hephaestus as a gift for King Minos. It was huge and was made of copper. It protected Crete from its enemies and supervised the application of laws. It could move really fast and was capable of touring Crete at least 3 times a day. • Heronas Steam Engine. It was made up of a closed, circular container filled with water. When the water was heated and began to boil the steam was released by two nozzles, configured in polar alignment. The container was built in a way that it could rotate. The steam release caused a rotating motion of the container that could be used as a steam motor for various application.

9. In Ancient Egypt bronze tools were used in everyday life. In 200 BC it changed to iron tools. With these they built great monuments and palaces. Ancient Egyptian scientists used their knowledge to think of how to do something big and unique. Then they thought of building useful things such as; levers, ramps and rollers to move heavy objects. The Ancient Egyptians were the first people to think of the 365 day cycle of the year. The old egyptian calendar and the current calendar varied. They had 2 different kinds of clocks. A sundial and a water clock. The one big advantage that the water clock had over the sundial was because the sundial can’t work at night and the water clock could.

10. Greek traditions • Architecture- Greece came up with many of the structural elements, decorative motifs, and building types still used in architecture today. Architecture were very important to the Greeks. It made them individuals. Temples are the best known Greek architecture. • Individuality was very important to them. Their lives were shaped around individuality. Like how they dress. • Government- the Greeks were the first to establish the democratic form of government. It was made up of only men because women and children were not allowed to vote. • When a child was born a Greek father would dance naked while carrying his child around in the house. The doorway of the house was adorned with a wreath, olives for boys, and wool for girls. Only boys were allowed to go to school and girls had to stay home. They were also treated as youth until the age of 30. • Foods were eaten because it was thought that they were favourites of a god that they worshipped.

11. Egyptian Traditions • In Ancient Egypt, the role of the tomb and architecture, sculpture, and painting all worked to ensure that Egyptians would enter the afterlife prepared with all the worldly goods they needed. • During birth, the mothers would use the help of goddesses to protect the child. • A carved ivory wand was often placed on the mother's stomach for further protection against evil. • The Egyptians invented papyrus, black ink, a plow being drawn by an ox and the most famous invention, the clock. • A feast would be offered to the deceased for the afterlife. Oil, salt and honey were used to enhanced their food. • majority of Egyptian clothing was made from linen, which came from the flax plant

12. Sacrifices In Ancient Greece they sacrificed tame animals for the Gods and ate a part of it themselves and gave the other parts to the Gods. In Ancient Egypt they sacrificed animals, milk, honey, fruit and grain.

13. Bibliography • www.khm.uio.no/utstillinger/doedskult/deadclassic/text_8.html • ancienthistory.about.com/od/greekdeath/a/092909Afterlife.htm • www.e-telescope.gr/en/history-and-archaeology/132-ancient-technology • www.favoritetraditions.com/greektraditions.html • www.favoritetraditions.com/egyptiantraditions.html • wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_did_the_ancient_egyptians_make_sacrifices_to_the_gods