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Christian History

Christian History. “Splits” in the Church. 30 C.E. Pentecost. Considered the beginning of the Christian Church. Disciples became Apostles (those sent forth) The Holy Spirit descended on the disciples and they were given the gift of tongues. They went forth and spread the gospel.

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Christian History

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  1. Christian History “Splits” in the Church

  2. 30 C.E. Pentecost • Considered the beginning of the Christian Church. • Disciples became Apostles (those sent forth) • The Holy Spirit descended on the disciples and they were given the gift of tongues. • They went forth and spread the gospel.

  3. 325 C.E. Council of Nicaea • Diverse forms of Christianity are given a standard form. • Council was called together by Emperor Constantine • They developed the Nicene Creed which was accepted as a “brief statement of belief used to test orthodoxy” (Religions of Our Neighbours, by Sid Bently, 1983)

  4. 1054 C.E. Eastern Schism • The Orthodox and Catholic Churches split from one another. • Differences: • Orthodox Church rejects the Pope as head of the Christian Church • Orthodox Church lets priests marry • O.C. originally rejected Latin as the official language of the Church • O.C. uses leavened bread in the Eucharist and rejects transubstantiation. • O.C. uses a different calendar (holidays fall 13 days later)

  5. 1095 C.E. The First Crusade • Jerusalem, the Holy City, was under Muslim control and Christians could no longer go on pilgrimages. • The crusades began as military expeditions to free the Holy City. • This was a “black page” in Christian history

  6. Priests Speak Out Against Corruption • Wycliffe • Huss • Savonarola • Martin Luther

  7. Chief Beliefs in Protestantism • Scripture Alone – Bible is sole authority • Justification by Faith Alone – Your faith is more important than good deeds • Universal Priesthood of Believers – No intermediary. You have to read and understand the Bible yourself, and are responsible for your own soul.

  8. 1480 C.E. Printing Press • For the first time the Bible was available to the people.

  9. Protestant Reformation • Religious Assertions • The Bible is the final authority; the Church is not. • Salvation is a Gift of God; the Church cannot dispense salvation. • Only God can forgive; the Church cannot “sell” indulgences. • Priesthood is a calling; the Church cannot sell the offices of the church. • Priesthood requires study; the Church is responsible for capable priests.

  10. Protestant Reformation (con’t) • Political Assertions: • Church land should be tax-free; taxes should not be paid on land. • The Church should not send tax money to Rome; the money is needed in the country. • The Church should not interfere with politics, particularly international politics.

  11. 1517 C.E. 95 Theses on Wittenberg Door

  12. 1540 C.E. Catholic Reformation • Loyola founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) • Loyola and other devout Catholics took action to reform the Catholic Church and rid it of corruption. • Priests became better educated • Priests were more closely supervised • The practice of selling indulgences was ended • The Church was infused with new energy

  13. 2nd Vatican Council (Vatican 2) • 1962-1965 • Most recent modernization of Catholic faith • Encouraged lay-persons to become more involved in life of church • Celebration of the Mass in the vernacular (i.e., current languages such as English, Spanish, French, etc., depending on the country) instead of Latin. John XXIII and Paul VI – the two Popes of the Council

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