MCC MUN Research Workshop

1. MCC MUN Research Workshop

2. Conference Details • Make sure you go to the conference website: www.mesacc.edu/~bdille/un/hs • This has the agenda, country availability list, and delegate guidebook. • You will want to practice using the P-rules so you can be effective at conference.

3. Conference Details • Unlike many High School conferences, this is not a fundraiser for MCC. Your delegate fee is mainly used to cover the food expense for the meals I will feed you. • The focus of this conference is on creating the best academic environment possible. We are not trying to get as many delegates as possible, we are trying to have the best conference possible.

4. Conference Details • For this reason, you cannot attend as a delegate unless you submit a policy statement for both topics and a resolution for one of the topics. • This guarantees a minimal level of competence for everyone in the room, which raises the level of discourse.

5. Judging Procedures • When you send in your policy statement, MCC copies it and distributes it to a panel of college student judges.

6. Judging Procedures • The judges evaluate the policy statement on its technical English, proper formatting, country-specific information, and UN issue-specific information. • Each statement is assigned up to 50 points. There are two turned in for a total of 100 written points. • The resolution is not scored, but must be submitted for a delegate to be credentialed.

7. Judging Procedures • At conference, judges in each committee fill out a similar sheet for performance in committee. • Delegates are judged on quality of speeches, effective use of caucus, diplomatic demeanor, and effectiveness in promoting both consensus and promoting their national interest. • The performance score is up to 100 points

8. Conference Awards • Best Policy Statement • Given to the delegate with the highest scoring policy statement in each committee. • Best Diplomat • Given to the delegate with the highest performance score in each committee. • Best Novice Delegate • Given to the novice delegate with the best combined written and performance score in each committee. • Best Overall Delegate • Given to the delegate with the best combined written and performance score in each committee. • Best Delegation • Given to the country team with the highest average delegate score. • Best School • Given to the school with the highest average delegate score.

9. The resolution is not scored, we ask that you submit one so we know that you know how to make on at committee. It is basically one long, run-on sentence: The General Assembly, for these reasons, does these things. The formatting for the heading is found in the Delegate Guide. The specific first word or phrase comes from a list of acceptable clause initiators, also found in the Delegate Guide. A/51/1/Res. 1 Third Committee LI MUNFW Israel CHILDREN AND ARMED CONFLICT The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 53/98, 52/105, 52/106, 52/107 of 12 December 1997, 53/128, 53/127, 53/117, 53/111, 53/116, 53/122 of 9 December 1998, and Security Council resolution1265, Reaffirming resolution 44/25 by which it adopted the Convention on the Rights of its child, and resolution33 18, by which it proclaimed the Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict, Further Recalling resolution 53/25 which established 2001-2010 the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World, Encouraged by the continuing efforts of its member states aimed at minimizing the effects of armed conflict on children and the valuable work of United Nations bodies and organizations and other relevant intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, Deeply disturbed by some states’ and non-state actors’ flagrant disregard for international law in allowing and encouraging children to participate in armed conflict, Reiterating its conviction that member states and other organizations must respect and adhere to international laws regarding the situation of children and armed conflict, Mindful that the cessation of armed conflict and aggression is principal to the efforts to eliminate the harmful effects of armed conflict on children, 1. Reiterates its support for the efforts of member states and other bodies and organizations to minimize and eliminate the use of children in armed conflict; 2. Urges all member states to continue seeking comprehensive improvement of the situation of children affected by armed conflicts with appropriate and concrete measures; 3. Denounces the use and abuse of children in any forth of armed conflict, especially the placing of children in dangerous situations for propaganda or 6ther purposes; 4. Calls upon all Member States in all regions, and all other appropriate bodies and organizations, to immediately cease the use and abuse of children in any form of armed conflict and to immediately seek bilateral or multilateral means to end such armed conflict. Resolution Structure

10. The Preambular Clauses give the legal, ethical, rational, or moral justification for UN action on this issue. As dependent clauses, they are ended with commas. The Preambular Clauses cannot be renegotiated once the debate moves to substantive debate, so be careful with your wording in committee! A/51/1/Res. 1 Third Committee LI MUNFW Israel CHILDREN AND ARMED CONFLICT The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 53/98, 52/105, 52/106, 52/107 of 12 December 1997, 53/128, 53/127, 53/117, 53/111, 53/116, 53/122 of 9 December 1998, and Security Council resolution1265, Reaffirming resolution 44/25 by which it adopted the Convention on the Rights of its child, and resolution33 18, by which it proclaimed the Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict, Further Recalling resolution 53/25 which established 2001-2010 the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World, Encouraged by the continuing efforts of its member states aimed at minimizing the effects of armed conflict on children and the valuable work of United Nations bodies and organizations and other relevant intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, Deeply disturbed by some states’ and non-state actors’ flagrant disregard for international law in allowing and encouraging children to participate in armed conflict, Reiterating its conviction that member states and other organizations must respect and adhere to international laws regarding the situation of children and armed conflict, Mindful that the cessation of armed conflict and aggression is principal to the efforts to eliminate the harmful effects of armed conflict on children, 1. Reiterates its support for the efforts of member states and other bodies and organizations to minimize and eliminate the use of children in armed conflict; 2. Urges all member states to continue seeking comprehensive improvement of the situation of children affected by armed conflicts with appropriate and concrete measures; 3. Denounces the use and abuse of children in any forth of armed conflict, especially the placing of children in dangerous situations for propaganda or 6ther purposes; 4. Calls upon all Member States in all regions, and all other appropriate bodies and organizations, to immediately cease the use and abuse of children in any form of armed conflict and to immediately seek bilateral or multilateral means to end such armed conflict. Resolution Structure

11. The Operative Clauses state what the Committee is asking the Secretary General, UN agency, or Member States to actually do. They are always numbered. As Independent clauses, they end with semicolons. The last operative clause closes the sentence with a period A/51/1/Res. 1 Third Committee LI MUNFW Israel CHILDREN AND ARMED CONFLICT The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 53/98, 52/105, 52/106, 52/107 of 12 December 1997, 53/128, 53/127, 53/117, 53/111, 53/116, 53/122 of 9 December 1998, and Security Council resolution1265, Reaffirming resolution 44/25 by which it adopted the Convention on the Rights of its child, and resolution33 18, by which it proclaimed the Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict, Further Recalling resolution 53/25 which established 2001-2010 the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World, Encouraged by the continuing efforts of its member states aimed at minimizing the effects of armed conflict on children and the valuable work of United Nations bodies and organizations and other relevant intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, Deeply disturbed by some states’ and non-state actors’ flagrant disregard for international law in allowing and encouraging children to participate in armed conflict, Reiterating its conviction that member states and other organizations must respect and adhere to international laws regarding the situation of children and armed conflict, Mindful that the cessation of armed conflict and aggression is principal to the efforts to eliminate the harmful effects of armed conflict on children, 1. Reiterates its support for the efforts of member states and other bodies and organizations to minimize and eliminate the use of children in armed conflict; 2. Urges all member states to continue seeking comprehensive improvement of the situation of children affected by armed conflicts with appropriate and concrete measures; 3. Denounces the use and abuse of children in any forth of armed conflict, especially the placing of children in dangerous situations for propaganda or 6ther purposes; 4. Calls upon all Member States in all regions, and all other appropriate bodies and organizations, to immediately cease the use and abuse of children in any form of armed conflict and to immediately seek bilateral or multilateral means to end such armed conflict. Resolution Structure

12. The policy statement is a one-page, three-paragraph, single-spaced statement of your country’s position on a particular topic. To write this, you must understand the issue, your country’s national interest, and the history of both the UN and your country’s involvement in this issue. It is harder to do than it looks! THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

13. The heading is in all-caps. It lists the country, committee, and agenda topic. THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

14. The first paragraph describes the history of UN involvement with this issue. It lists the foundational documents, key agencies, and important initiatives. Of course, it is impossible to actually do this, summarize in one paragraph the history of UN involvement on your issue. The focus should be to emphasize elements of this history your country would want to highlight. THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

15. The second paragraph describes your country’s involvement with this issue. Your country’s involvement with relevant UN agencies Resolutions supported or opposed Relevant domestic programs to deal with the issue within country Uni- or multi-lateral efforts to help other countries on this issue If your country has no involvement at all (unlikely) or has no public information available to fill an entire paragraph, it is OK to also focus this paragraph on describing the current status of the issue within the UN (why are we talking about this now?) THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

16. The third paragraph describes what your country would like the UN or member states to do about this topic in the future. It is the basis for your negotiations in committee. It should describe the ideal outcome of the conference from your country’s point of view. THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

17. Two rules of thumb will help you get the right information in the right paragraph (para) Temporal focus Para 1 → Past Para 2 → Present Para 3 → Future Scope Focus Para 1 → Global Para 2 → Local Para 3 → Global THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY PALESTINIAN REFUGEES Under General Assembly Resolution 181(1947) the United Nations called for the withdrawal of the mandatory power of the United Kingdom, mandatory power given to Palestine. The Palestinian government was asked to withdraw from parts of Palestine, including Jerusalem to create an area for a “Jewish State”. The creation of Israel and the ensuing Arab-Israeli war resulting in over 750,000 Palestinians fleeing or being forcefully removed from their land, and years of occupation of the West Bank, including eastern Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Security Counsel Resolution 242 (1967) stated that Israel should formally withdraw from the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Today, 70 percent of the Palestinian people are either refugees and/or internally displaced persons; the largest and longest unresolved refugee case in the world. There are approximately 6.8 million Palestinian refugees and 400,000 internally displaced persons, including around 2.7 million refugee children. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict by United Nations General Assembly resolution 302 (IV) of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestine refugees. Ethiopia has supported numerous resolutions, and actions to support the betterment of the lives of Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia fully supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out a guideline for the rights of peoples within sovereign nations, and has worked very hard to continue ensuring that all peoples are granted this universally accepted idea of human rights. Ethiopia supports Security Counsel Resolution 242 and similar resolutions that followed, attempting to create a peaceful place for Palestinians and Israelis. Ethiopia has continuously supported the UNRWA throughout its 58 years of working with Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia has supported all resolutions that attempt to solve the problems within Israel and the surrounding nation states regarding Palestinian refugees as a region. This region would include Israel, and surrounding nations that contain UNRWA camps and other settlements of Palestinian refugees as well as those member states who feel threatened by the problems with the refugees. Ethiopia is in full support of the efforts of the UNRWA and would like to see the continuation of the betterment of the lives of the Palestinian refugees. Ethiopia would like to see the continued support of Palestinian refugees by the member states that support these UNRWA camps. Ethiopia would like to show concern for the violence towards Palestinian refugees living in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. Ethiopia is gravely concerned with clear conflictions of human rights violations and the Universal Declaration of Human rights which is universally accepted. Ethiopia reaffirms their strong commitment to continue supporting the Palestinian people and their leadership to bring an end to the conflict and occupation that began in 1967, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and relevant United Nations resolutions, and by accordingly reaffirming their commitment to a just and peaceful solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the right of the Palestinian people to exercise self-determination and sovereignty in their independent State of Palestine, on the basis of the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital Policy Statement Structure

18. Overall Research Tips • Remember that you need to find your country’s official position. • Find statements from official sources • National Leader • Foreign Minister • UN Ambassador • There are other sources, but anything these people say is official policy.

19. Issue Specific Research • Start your issue research by reading the issue brief at Model UN Far West. • This is the collegiate conference that the MCC delegation attends • The issue brief frames the issue and provides a 5 – 6 page research paper describing the history of UN involvement with the topic. • It also gives research links, a great start! • It is published on Nov. 1 each year • http://www.munfw.org/session/issues/issues.htm

20. Issue Specific Research • Also, check out the UN’s issue portal. http://www.un.org/en/globalissues/ • This will direct you to the lead agency, key conferences and documents, and relevant speeches. • There is no need to dig all this up on your own when the UN has compiled it all for you.

21. Issue Specific Research • The point of this research is twofold • Find content for Para 1 • Develop an understanding of the UN and what it is capable of and not capable of regarding this issue. • At conference, you will see less-prepared delegates proposing unrealistic solutions, or asking the UN to do things which violate its Charter. Know enough about the UN and the specific issue to be effective.

22. Country Specific Research • Go to your country’s UN ambassador’s website first. This is found at http://www.un.org/en/members/ • Use this for statements, plenary speeches, and links to the foreign ministry site. • If that fails, go to your country’s main governmental web page. With luck it will have an English version and links to domestic agencies that deal with your topic. • Remember to stick to official sources. Be wary of editorializing from media or opposition groups.

23. Country Specific Research • The point of this research is twofold: • Find content for Para 2 • Get a feeling for your country’s general approach to global issues. • At conference, topics will come up you have not prepared for. Good delegates will have such an understanding of their country that they will make a correct educated guess at these times.

24. Policy Research Tips • The third paragraph is the hardest to find specific information for. • With luck, you will have found your country’s position when researching paragraph 2. Examine the statements on the UN ambassador’s page. • If not, search for speeches given by the three leaders mentioned earlier on your topic.

25. Policy Research Tips • Use the UN search engine. Search by topic and the name of the leader to find specific speeches. • The UN library has a way to narrow the search to speeches. http://unbisnet.un.org:8080/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=bib&menu=search&submenu=power#focus

26. Policy Research Tips • If you are unable to find information, look for ministerial statements on this topic from Intergovernmental Organizations your country belongs to • (G-8, G-77, Non-Aligned Movement). • These statements are typically consensus documents, so you can assume it reflects your country’s position. • If you do this, ensure that your country did not issue a dissenting clarification on the statement.

27. This was submitted by a debater with an inflated sense of his own ability. It is my favorite bad example. BAHRAIN SECURITY COUNCIL THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST Tensions are high in the middle east as peace talks are beggining to break down. The Six Days War c. 1967 can be to blame for this Arab Isreali conflict. The results of this war was tre capturing of the Sinai penninsula, Gaza strip, and the Golen Heights by Isreal. Since then The Sinai penninsula has been returned and talks continue to return the Gaza Strip. The Golen Heights are unlikely to be returned any time soon. In southern Lebanon Security Cooncil resolution 1288(2000) was passed, extending the U.N. Interium Force,s stay another six months in Lebanon. Peace Talks must contine. Although negotiations regarding West Bank land have hit small bumps in the road tword peace in the Middle East the talks must continue. No matter how small progess must continue to keep armed conflict at bay. Hope to the Isreali releasing of the Golen heights cannot be even examened until a resolution of the West Bank land is reached. The continuation of peacekeeping forces in southern Lebanon for at least the next six months is key to strong support for the territorial integrity, sovereinty, and political independance of Lebanon within its internationally recognized boundaries. All progress in looking prospectively twords peace. The Interium force must remain in Lebanon for the time being to keep the Lebanese border intact. Peace talks in Jordans west bank are starting to break down, but as long as efforts are intensified the talks will be sucessful. A Bad Example

28. Notice the spelling, capitalization, punctuation, and grammar errors. This is just sloppy work that was clearly written 10 minutes before it was due. Notice the awkward sentence structure in para 2. Ouch! This sentence does not have a subject, verb, or object. That is hard to do! Kudos for being consistent with the typos though. BAHRAIN SECURITY COUNCIL THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST Tensions are high in the middle east as peace talks are beggining to break down. The Six Days War c. 1967 can be to blame for this Arab Isreali conflict. The results of this war was tre capturing of the Sinai penninsula, Gaza strip, and the Golen Heights by Isreal. Since then The Sinai penninsula has been returned and talks continue to return the Gaza Strip. The Golen Heights are unlikely to be returned any time soon. In southern Lebanon Security Cooncil resolution 1288(2000) was passed, extending the U.N. InteriumForce,s stay another six months in Lebanon. Peace Talks must contine. Although negotiations regarding West Bank land have hit small bumps in the road tword peace in the Middle East the talks must continue. No matter how small progess must continue to keep armed conflict at bay. Hope to the Isreali releasing of the Golen heights cannot be even examened until a resolution of the West Bank land is reached. The continuation of peacekeeping forces in southern Lebanon for at least the next six months is key to strong support for the territorial integrity, sovereinty, and political independance of Lebanon within its internationally recognized boundaries. All progress in looking prospectively twords peace. The Interium force must remain in Lebanon for the time being to keep the Lebanese border intact. Peace talks in Jordanswest bank are starting to break down, but as long as efforts are intensified the talks will be sucessful. A Bad Example

29. Moving to content, Para 1 is focused on one small aspect of the larger issue. It fails to mention foundational documents or UN agencies. Looking at Para 2 and 3, it appears the author has no idea where Bahrain is or what its position on the Middle East is. BAHRAIN SECURITY COUNCIL THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST Tensions are high in the middle east as peace talks are beggining to break down. The Six Days War c. 1967 can be to blame for this Arab Isreali conflict. The results of this war was tre capturing of the Sinai penninsula, Gaza strip, and the Golen Heights by Isreal. Since then The Sinai penninsula has been returned and talks continue to return the Gaza Strip. The Golen Heights are unlikely to be returned any time soon. In southern Lebanon Security Cooncil resolution 1288(2000) was passed, extending the U.N. Interium Force,s stay another six months in Lebanon. Peace Talks must contine. Although negotiations regarding West Bank land have hit small bumps in the road tword peace in the Middle East the talks must continue. No matter how small progess must continue to keep armed conflict at bay. Hope to the Isreali releasing of the Golen heights cannot be even examened until a resolution of the West Bank land is reached. The continuation of peacekeeping forces in southern Lebanon for at least the next six months is key to strong support for the territorial integrity, sovereinty, and political independance of Lebanon within its internationally recognized boundaries. All progress in looking prospectively twords peace. The Interium force must remain in Lebanon for the time being to keep the Lebanese border intact. Peace talks in Jordans west bank are starting to break down, but as long as efforts are intensified the talks will be sucessful. A Bad Example

30. This is the same topic from a competent delegate. Notice the wealth of UN-specific information in para 1 This sentence summarizes Malaysia’s position clearly and concisely. The policy preference is clear and accurate MALAYSIA SECURITY COUNCIL SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST The United Nations Disengagement Observer Force was established after the 1973 Middle East war to maintain the ceasefire between Israel and Syria, to supervise the disengagement of Israeli and Syrian forces, and to supervise the areas of separation and limitation, as provided in the Agreement on Disengagement of May 31, 1974. The Security Council, on May 27, 1999, renewed for a further six-month period, until 30 November 1999, the manuate of UNDOF, by adopting resolution 1243 (1999). The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon was established to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon, to restore international peace and security, and to assist the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its effective authority in the area. UNIFIL has, however, been prevented from fully implementing its mandate. Since the truce of Palestine, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) has performed various tasks entrusted to it by the Security Council, including the supervision of the General Armistice Agreements of 1949 and the observation of the ceasefire in the Suez Canal area and the Golan Heights following the Arab-Israeli war of June 1967. At present, UNTSO assisted and cooperated with UNDOF on the Golan Heights in the Israel-Syria sector, and UNIFIL in the Israel-Lebanon sector. UNTSO was also present in the Egypt-Israel sector in the Sinai. UNTSO maintained offices in Beirut and Damascus. Malaysia is committed to the purpose of the United Nations and Security Council to further, secure, and maintain international peace and security. Malaysia does not intend to establish diplomatic or informal relations with Israel until and unless a comprehensive solution to the Middle East problem is achieved. Malaysia’s position towards Israel remains firm and the question of third party intervention does not arise. Malaysia has and will provide military personnel and funding for the resolution of conflict in the Middle East. Malaysia has been known as a cooperative member in the international peacekeeping operation and provides the necessary personnel and funds to support the United Nations peacekeeping effort. Even though the Middle East has been a source of conflict for many, many years, the United Nations has a responsibility to promote tolerance and cooperation within regions of notable conflict. Malaysia invites the institution of a regional representative to coordinate “peace talks” and create opportunities for the opposing parties within the region to meet and discuss possible solutions to the existing conflict. Malaysia encourages the use of a committee of UN personnel to monitor the peace talks and report to the Security Council so that the body can more accurately assess the progress of the talks and provide for the most appropriate action to the current status of the region. A Good Example

31. This first paragraph looks good at first blush, as it contains UN information and is not rife with typos. But it is all about the country, not the required global focus. Remember that Para 1 is not about your country, it is about the UN’s approach to the issue generally. A general rule of thumb is that your country’s name should not appear in the first paragraph. CAMBODIA THIRD COMMITTEE FAMILY PLANNING UNFPA has funded activities in Cambodia since 1991, when there was a request by the then Supreme National Council of Cambodia to conduct a Population Census. The Country Director in charge of the Cambodia programme until May 1994 resided in Bangkok. In May 1994, a resident Country Director (Dr. Vincent Fauveau) took this post in Phnom Penh. with the mission of opening a permanent office and build a Country Programme. The office is located within the premises of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The Country Director became the UNFPA Representative on 1January 1996. The Country Programme for Cambodia for 1997-2000, in harmonization with that of the UNDP and other UN agencies, consists of several projects, all having in common a focus on Population issues. These Projects are centered on three main themes: reproductive health, including birth spacing and sexual health, with related information education & communication; population policies, including data collection and demographic analysis; and advocacy, for population concerns at all levels of society, including population & development, gender and population & environment. Cambodia has a population of over 10.8 million people in a landmass the same size as the state of Missouri. By 2025, the population is expected to be over 17 million, 4 times the amount of people in Missouri. In a country where 44% of the population is under the age of 14 due to previous civil wars, to population will, without doubt increase in the future. This, combined with the amazing rise in HI V/AIDS cases. there is a definite need to strict family planning in Cambodia. Until the country can develop itself much more, the population should be kept to a minimum if possible. The UNDP has helped to promote healthy family planning in Cambodia is many ways. Through its continued education and analysis of the population in Cambodia, Cambodia can more easily control the population in Cambodia into the future. It is important to the well being of Cambodia that the UNFPA remain in the country long into the future. As stated, Cambodia is in no condition to allow the population get out of hand in such a small country with so little development. Until Cambodia can manage to come out of it’s recession and develop its industries much more, the UNFRA is in great need to the Royal Government of Cambodia. Another Bad Example

32. Read the first two sentences of Para 2. Two things about Model UN: Try to mimic the tone of the country and not write like an American student. Cambodians would not make this comparison. While there is no such thing as plagerism in MUN (you are supposed to be repeating the real words of diplomats, not making stuff up), there is really stupid cutting and pasting. This was lifted right out of the CIA factbook and makes the author look like an idiot. CAMBODIA THIRD COMMITTEE FAMILY PLANNING UNFPA has funded activities in Cambodia since 1991, when there was a request by the then Supreme National Council of Cambodia to conduct a Population Census. The Country Director in charge of the Cambodia programme until May 1994 resided in Bangkok. In May 1994, a resident Country Director (Dr. Vincent Fauveau) took this post in Phnom Penh. with the mission of opening a permanent office and build a Country Programme. The office is located within the premises of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The Country Director became the UNFPA Representative on 1January 1996. The Country Programme for Cambodia for 1997-2000, in harmonization with that of the UNDP and other UN agencies, consists of several projects, all having in common a focus on Population issues. These Projects are centered on three main themes: reproductive health, including birth spacing and sexual health, with related information education & communication; population policies, including data collection and demographic analysis; and advocacy, for population concerns at all levels of society, including population & development, gender and population & environment. Cambodia has a population of over 10.8 million people in a landmass the same size as the state of Missouri. By 2025, the population is expected to be over 17 million, 4 times the amount of people in Missouri. In a country where 44% of the population is under the age of 14 due to previous civil wars, to population will, without doubt increase in the future. This, combined with the amazing rise in HI V/AIDS cases. there is a definite need to strict family planning in Cambodia. Until the country can develop itself much more, the population should be kept to a minimum if possible. The UNDP has helped to promote healthy family planning in Cambodia is many ways. Through its continued education and analysis of the population in Cambodia, Cambodia can more easily control the population in Cambodia into the future. It is important to the well being of Cambodia that the UNFPA remain in the country long into the future. As stated, Cambodia is in no condition to allow the population get out of hand in such a small country with so little development. Until Cambodia can manage to come out of it’s recession and develop its industries much more, the UNFRA is in great need to the Royal Government of Cambodia. Another Bad Example

33. The tone is all wrong, it is self-demeaning. Real diplomats don’t talk like this. Key point about MUN: Your country does not suck! Frame issues and facts in a favorable light. Your country is the good guy in all diplomatic discussions or disputes. CAMBODIA THIRD COMMITTEE FAMILY PLANNING UNFPA has funded activities in Cambodia since 1991, when there was a request by the then Supreme National Council of Cambodia to conduct a Population Census. The Country Director in charge of the Cambodia programme until May 1994 resided in Bangkok. In May 1994, a resident Country Director (Dr. Vincent Fauveau) took this post in Phnom Penh. with the mission of opening a permanent office and build a Country Programme. The office is located within the premises of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The Country Director became the UNFPA Representative on 1January 1996. The Country Programme for Cambodia for 1997-2000, in harmonization with that of the UNDP and other UN agencies, consists of several projects, all having in common a focus on Population issues. These Projects are centered on three main themes: reproductive health, including birth spacing and sexual health, with related information education & communication; population policies, including data collection and demographic analysis; and advocacy, for population concerns at all levels of society, including population & development, gender and population & environment. Cambodia has a population of over 10.8 million people in a landmass the same size as the state of Missouri. By 2025, the population is expected to be over 17 million, 4 times the amount of people in Missouri. In a country where 44% of the population is under the age of 14 due to previous civil wars, to population will, without doubt increase in the future. This, combined with the amazing rise in HI V/AIDS cases. there is a definite need to strict family planning in Cambodia. Until the country can develop itself much more, the population should be kept to a minimum if possible. The UNDP has helped to promote healthy family planning in Cambodia is many ways. Through its continued education and analysis of the population in Cambodia, Cambodia can more easily control the population in Cambodia into the future. It is important to the well being of Cambodia that the UNFPA remain in the country long into the future. As stated, Cambodia is in no condition to allow the population get out of hand in such a small country with so little development. Until Cambodia can manage to come out of it’s recession and develop its industries much more, the UNFRA is in great need to the Royal Government of Cambodia. Another Bad Example

34. This is not perfect, as para 1 is longer than it should be, but it is solid material about UN programs. Notice the admission of serious problems in para 2. Unlike the last one though, this one takes a positive approach and tells what the govt. is doing about their problems. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA 3RD COMMITTEE FAMILY PLANNING In hopes of furthering equality and justice, the World Health Organization has made access to quality family planning a key component of the “Health for All” global strategy. Family planning involves many issues, including maternal health, child mortality, and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Approximately 102 million married women in developing nations lack family planning information regarding issues, such as reproductive health, contraception, and the spacing of births. Reproductive issues and sexual autonomy can be very controversial issues, as they lie at the core of ideological, religious, and cultural beliefs. The 1993 World Conference on Human Rights declared that it is the duty of states to promote human rights and fundamental freedoms, despite political, economic, and cultural systems. Article 16 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forums of Discrimination Against Women provided that states are to take appropriate measures that ensure men and women are equal in deciding on the number and spacing of children, as well as providing both have equal access to the information, education and means to allow the use of these rights. To avoid abuses of power, the International Conference on Population and Development has condemned the use of violence, coercion, and discrimination in family planning. The ICPD also related family planning to the larger issues of health, population, and development. Many nations have shared ideas at the ICPD, giving the efforts great momentum. According to 1996 estimates, each woman in Nigeria will give birth to six children during her lifetime. Maternal mortality rates for these women range from 800 to 1,500 per 100,000 live births. Many of these deaths are in young women, old women, pregnancies within short birth intervals, and for women with more than four children or health problems. Approximately 83 children per 1,000 births will die. To address the need for health care and to strengthen civil society, the Nigerian government has been working with USAID. IN 1996 the collaboration provided sustainable integrated health care delivery, including maternal health practices and HJV/AIDS prevention activities. Another effort towards improved family planning is the work of Pathfinder International, a Nigerian-founded organization. In 1997, Pathfinder offered a broad range of health, reproductive, and social service interventions for vulnerable groups in high-risk environments. Education and services pertaining to family planning are in great need in many parts of the world, especially Africa. The demand for family planning and reproductive health services is currently so strong, that to meet the demand would exceed all nation’s population control plans. To make such facilities available Nigeria encourages close UN and state cooperation with USAID, to acquire health care delivery, maternal health practices, and HI V/AIDS prevention activities. The Association for Reproductive and Family Health partnered with the Centre for Development and Population Activities is another set of facilities of note. This coalition provides reproductive health services for youth and families worldwide. A service of need with little recognition is the post-abortion services. Another significant international body, the IPAS, has the goal of establishing mechanisms to promote long-term sustainability of post-abortion care services in states at all levels within the health system. Nigeria hopes to see high state attendance at future meetings of the International Conference on Population and Development, so that ideas relating to health and population may be shared and encouraged. Another Good Example

35. Summary • Remember, you are acting as diplomats at the conference. You speak with authority (no footnotes, quotes, or references) and you accurately represent your country in the negotiations that occur at conference. • When you do this, you will get into the role and have lots of fun. • Good luck!