The Road to Revolution

1. The Road to Revolution How we got to be this crazy United States

2. Essential Questions • How did the relationship between Britain and the colonies fall apart? • What motivates people to want to change their society? • What influenced people’s political decisions in the time before the Revolutionary War? • What influences people’s political decisions today? • What similarities exist between the forces for change during the Revolutionary period and in our country today?

3. Unit Overview • Study of the events from the French and Indian war to the beginning of the American Revolution. This includes the various acts of Parliament, the Continental Congress and the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

4. What is a revolution? • Define in your own words • List 5 ways people revolt against something they do not like.

5. Events Prior to the Revolution • French and Indian War • The Acts of Parliament • Sugar • Stamp • Townshend • Coercive or Intolerable • The Actions of the Colonists • Boston Massacre • Boston Tea Party • Committees of Correspondence • Continental Congress (first and second)

6. French and Indian War

7. Define these terms militia alliance cede

8. How did the British gain French territory in North America? In the mid-1700s, both Britain and France claimed vast areas of land in North America—lands long settled by Native Americans. Because of their conflicting claims, Britain and France fought a deadly war with the future of much of North America at stake.

9. In the 1750s, the two sides fought in the Ohio River valley,the area between Lake Erie and the Ohio River.

10. France claimed the Ohio River valley as part of its territory. The Virginia colony also claimed the land, and British settlers continued to move west.

11. Why do you think this land was so important? • Write 5 sentences describing why you would want the land?

12. 1754  The First Clash The Ohio Valley British French Fort Necessity Fort Duquesne* George Washington * Delaware & Shawnee Indians

13. 1754  Albany Plan of Union Ben Franklin  representatives from New England, NY, MD, PA • Albany Congress failed Iroquois broke off relations with Britain & threatened to trade with the French.

14. Would you have voted for the Albany Plan of Union? • Why or why not?

15. 1755  Br. Decides to Eliminate Fr. Presence in No. Amer. Gen. Edward Braddock  evict the French from the OH Valley & Canada (Newfoundland & Nova Scotia) • Attacks OH Valley, Mohawk Valley, & Acadia. • Killed 10 mi. from Ft. Duquesne by 1500 French and Indian forces. Only Br. Success  expelled France from Louisiana. CAJUNS

16. 1756  War Is Formally Declared! Lord Loudouin Marquis de Montcalm Native American tribes exploited both sides!

17. British-American Colonial Tensions Methods ofFighting: • Indian-style guerilla tactics. • March in formation or bayonet charge. MilitaryOrganization: • Col. militias served under own captains. • Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. MilitaryDiscipline: • No mil. deference or protocols observed. • Drills & tough discipline. Finances: • Resistance to rising taxes. • Colonists should pay for their own defense. Demeanor: • Casual, non-professionals. • Prima Donna Br. officers with servants & tea settings.

18. Which side do you support? • What were three distinct differences between the British and the Colonists?

19. 1763  Treaty of Paris France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River. Spain -->got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England. England -->got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.

20. North America in 1763

21. Why did the colonists hate the PROCLAMATION LINE OF 1763? Colonists were very upset many had planned on moving to the west after the war to invest in land

22. How did most colonists react to the Proclamation Line of 1763? Many colonists ignored the order and moved across to the west of the mountains anyway

23. King George III keeps 10,000 soldiers in the colonies after the war to enforce the proclamation line

24. The QUARTERING ACT stated that colonists were required to give the British soldiers a place to stay and food to eat

25. Would you have given up your house? • Describe how you would have stopped this

26. Needed more money to pay for soldiers in America England thought the colonies should pay for the soldiers protecting them, not the people of England

27. The SUGAR ACT was a tax placed on sugar, molasses and other products shipped to the colonies

28. The STAMP ACT said all legal documents must carry an official stamp showing that a tax had been paid

30. Items required to have a stamp included: diplomas, contracts, wills, newspapers and even playing cards

31. Why do you think the British taxed such simple products? • What should we tax more today?

32. Colonial leaders protested and upset they cannot vote on members of Parliament “No taxation without representation” they cried

33. PROTESTING THE STAMP ACT

34. Define and Identify the following • What is a boycott? • Who were the Sons of Liberty? • How did they protest?

35. THE SONS OF LIBERTY MEETING TO DISCUSS THE TAXES

36. TOWNSHEND ACTS were a new set of taxes placed on imported products such as glass, paper, lead, paint and tea

37. Answer and identify • What the writs of assistance? • Who was Samuel Adams? Why was he important?

38. Identify the following terms • Massacre • Propaganda • How do we use these terms today?

39. The Boston Massacre In 1770, an angry crowd surrounded a group of soldiers in Boston. Frightened, the soldiers fired, killing five people.

40. Spot the Difference • What differences do you see between the next three slides? • Which side is shown as the aggressor in each one?

44. CRISPUS ATTUCKS was an African America who was the first killed at the Boston Massacre

45. John Adams, a colonial leader, defended the soldiers, believing they should receive a fair trial. Still, the Boston Massacre became a rallying point for the colonists. Leaders from different colonies began exchanging information and ideas, helping to unite the colonists against the British. Committees of Correspondence

46. Boston Tea Party • In 1773, Parliament passed the Tea Act, sparking a new round of more intense protest from the colonists. • The Tea Act allowed the East India Company to send tea directly to the colonies, rather than having to first send it to Britain • On December 16, 1773 colonists dressed as Native Americans and went aboard one of the tea ships. They quietly dumped the tea in the harbor. • The dumped 342 chests of teas that night

49. How would you protest an unfair action of the government today? • What is the best way for a young person to get their voice heard in government?

50. Intolerable Acts • King George’s reaction • Closed the port of Boston • Increased the powers of the royal governor • Abolished the upper house of the Massachusetts legislature • Cut the power of town meetings • Strengthened the Quartering Act