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Global Roaming in Next-Generation Networks. Theodore B. Zahariadis, Konstantinos G. Vaxevanakis, Christos P. Tsantilas, and Nikolaos A. Zervos Ellemedia Technologies, Greece Nikos A. Nikolaou, Lucent Technologies, The Netherlands IEEE Communications Magazine • February 2002 Date: 2006/03/29
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Global Roaming in Next-Generation Networks Theodore B. Zahariadis, Konstantinos G. Vaxevanakis, Christos P. Tsantilas, and Nikolaos A. Zervos Ellemedia Technologies, Greece Nikos A. Nikolaou, Lucent Technologies, The Netherlands IEEE Communications Magazine • February 2002 Date: 2006/03/29 Speaker: Kai-Jie Chang
Outlines • Introduction • Proposed architecture • Horizontal handover • Vertical handover architecture • Conclusions
Introduction • Maximize profit and return of investment based on existing equipment. • Organize in a cell hierarchy, based on technology either already deployed or still under development. • Include three network, satellite network, 2G/3G cellular network and Wireless Network.
WLAN roaming • (1). Request FA • (2). Register HA via FA • (3). Response • (4). IP packets to MN through HA • (5). Redirect to FA • (6). Forward packets to MN • (7). Establish a link to MN directly.
2G horizontal roaming • (1). Update message • (2). Forward to HLR • (3). Registration ack • (4). New connection established • (5). Initial request to HLR • (6). Route request message • (7). Return TLDN to HLR • (8). Forward TLDN to VLR • (9). Using SS7 to establish a connection between MSCs
LEO satellite roaming • Key point • LEO is a common issue. • Signaling overhead and delay are quite significant factors that must minimized. • Satellite rotation more than terminal movement. • Intraplane v.s. Interplane ISL(intersatellite links) • Minimize the time to identify the best ISL for each connection
Architecture • Deployment of a global all-IP wireless/mobile network. • The architecture is based on enhancements of existing equipment. • Evolutionary rather than revolutionary. • IP is the most widely accepted protocol; thus, mobility based on IP will be leveraged.
Equipments • Service Support Node (SSN): • MSC+, IP L1/L2 switch, FES. • Maintains user profile: • HLR+, HSS • VLR, FA. • User authentication and authorization: • RADIUS, AAA. • Interworking function (IWF), generally gateway support nodes (GSNs). • IP allocation : • DHCP, DNS.
Conclusions • Global roaming in current and next-generation networks is an important issue. • This article consider a hierarchical cell architecture either installed or under development. • Route packet rather than IP change.