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Digital Divide

Digital Divide. Impact on Mathematics Courses David Cobb. What is the Digital Divide? When did it start?. Digital Divide – Haves and Haves not – but of what? Is it internet availability or more? First documented – Gaillard, 2001. Google Fiber says. Reliable High-Speed Internet

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Digital Divide

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  1. Digital Divide Impact on Mathematics Courses David Cobb

  2. What is the Digital Divide? When did it start? • Digital Divide – Haves and Haves not – but of what? • Is it internet availability or more? • First documented – Gaillard, 2001

  3. Google Fiber says Reliable High-Speed Internet ACT says Reliable Broadband and a computer/tablet device

  4. US in general Only 71% of Americans subscribe to broadband at home even lower among minorities (Goodman 2013) FCC - Feb 2018 6% of Americans have no access to highspeed internet

  5. Kansas CityGoogle Study • Google study of the state of Internet connectivity in KC • 3,219 surveyed over the phone Results • 25% do not have broadband at home • 17% do not use the internet at all • Of this 17%, 28% state lack of access about half say too expensive and the other half don’t have a computer

  6. Johnson County • Lack of internet more common in rural areas • 41% of Johnson County is rural unincorporated • 6.75% of Olathe has no internet access • 7.4% of Johnson County has no internet access • 15.3 % of Kansas City Metro (KS-MO) has no internet access • Parts of Spring Hill, De Soto, Gardner have no land-based internet service of any kind From US Census 2013-2017, KC Star April 2, 2019

  7. What about Education?FCC- online learning • Affordable broadband access - minimum download speed of 25Mbps and upload of 3Mbps • Access to desktop or laptop - Mobile devices do not provide functionality for homework • Digital skills - more than minimal skills July 2019

  8. ACT “Digital Divide” the gap between people who have sufficient knowledge of , and access to technology and those who do not To date, most research about the digital divide has focused on the US population generally, with little attention paid to the divide among students in the educational system (2018)

  9. Survey of 7,223 students taking ACT April 2017 Most research on the Digital Divide has focused on the US population generally with little attention paid to determining whether the divide exists among students in the US education system. ACT survey The number and kinds of devices they have (e.g., smartphones, laptop computers, tablet computers) The kind and reliability of the internet connection(s) available to them How often they needed to use electronic devices and the internet for school-related activities

  10. ACT Survey Results 15% have one or no device at home. These students may face numerous additional challenges not faced by students with access to two or more devices More detailed statistics on this critical 15% • 85% are classified as underserved • 22% are first generation • 81% are minority • 28% reported the one device was provided by the school

  11. More ACT survey results relating to the 15% one or no device • 56% only device is a smartphone • 47% depend exclusively on a monthly cellular data plan • 55% do some homework via the one device • 48% of smartphone only do some homework via the phone

  12. ACT Recommendations • Expand device access and internet among those who lack them i.e. serve the underserved • Ensure that all students have easy access to the applications they need for school-related activities via mobile technology. • Educators should do their best to ensure that students can easily find, view and use required electronic materials via their phones and that such use does not place an unmanageable burden on their or their familes data plans

  13. My experience Donnelly College & JCCC Developmental Math classes Information gathered from student surveys 2011-2019 • 20% - 25% of Donnelly students report limited internet access or limited computer availability • 15% - 20% of JCCC students report limited internet access or limited computer availability • 60% - 75% Donnelly report they do not like online math work • 50% - 60% JCCC report they do not like online math work

  14. What should you do now? • Be aware of technology limitations some of your students have and they may not share. Some may be going to the Public Library for technology. • Use beginning of semester survey to find out if technology limitations exists among your students. • Make sure your school has some classes available to the students on both sides of the Digital Divide.

  15. Sources • Google study 2012 https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzFtF8hfXfXDczN6TXVyT2VDajQ/edit • DeSoto 2019 https://www.kansascity.com/news/local/community/joco-913/article228763224.html • Federal Reserve Bank of KC https://www.kansascityfed.org/publications/ten/articles/2019/summer2019/bank-releasing-report-on-digital-divide • Seven lessons from Federal Reserve Bank https://kclinc.org/news/2019/9/6/seven-lessons-for-curing-the-digital-divide-federal-reserve-bank-of-kc-drops-some-knowledge • https://www.kansascityfed.org/community/disconnected

  16. Sources • Educational Leadership February 2015 http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/feb15/vol72/num05/Helping-to-Close-the-Digital-Divide.aspx • Expert https://www.axios.com/expert-voices-live-the-digital-d-1544632791-d17bd637-7738-45aa-82e2-7e18f126ac28.html • Digital Inclusion KC http://digitalinclusionkc.org/ • 41% of Johnson county is rural unincorporated https://www.jocogov.org/government/about-johnson-county/fast-facts • Internet access at home in Johnson countyhttps://reports.mysidewalk.com/3fe0797712

  17. Sources Digital Divide Equality • https://equityinlearning.act.org/wp-content/themes/voltron/img/tech-briefs/the-digital-divide.pdf • https://digitalequality.in/digital-inclusion-is-more-a-problem-of-education-than-of-technology/

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