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SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE GIANT CHINESE SOLAR TELESCOPE CONCEPT

SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE GIANT CHINESE SOLAR TELESCOPE CONCEPT. JACQUES M. BECKERS Beijing August 6 – 8, 2011. OVERVIEW OF RECENTLY BUILD HIGHEST RESOLUTION SOLAR TELESCOPES. DUNN SOLAR TELESCOPE Sacramento Peak NM APERTURE 76 cm VACUUM TELESCOPE (FIRST) ADAPTIVE OPTICS.

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SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE GIANT CHINESE SOLAR TELESCOPE CONCEPT

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  1. SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE GIANT CHINESE SOLAR TELESCOPECONCEPT JACQUES M. BECKERS Beijing August 6 – 8, 2011

  2. OVERVIEW OF RECENTLY BUILD HIGHEST RESOLUTION SOLAR TELESCOPES

  3. DUNN SOLAR TELESCOPE Sacramento Peak NM APERTURE 76 cm VACUUM TELESCOPE (FIRST) ADAPTIVE OPTICS

  4. SWEDISH SOLAR TELESCOPE La Palma, Canary Islands APERTURE 100 cm VACUUM TELESCOPE ADAPTIVE OPTICS

  5. DUTCH OPEN TELESCOPE (DOT) La Palma Canary Islands APERTURE 50 cm OPEN AIR TELESCOPE

  6. HINODE JAPANESE + TELESCOPE APERTURE 50 cm SPACE FACILITY => No Seeing All Wavelengths

  7. LARGEST AND BEST SOLAR TELESCOPE NOW: BIG BEAR NEW SOLAR TELESCOPE (NST) NST IS PROTOTYPE FORADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SOLAR TELESCOPE

  8. COMPARISON OF HINODE WITH BBSO NST OBSERVATIONS DIAMETER = 0.5 DIAMETER = 1.6-m

  9. LARGEST AND BEST CHINESE SOLAR TELESCOPE NOW: FUXIAN LAKE SOLAR TELESCOPE

  10. LARGE SOLAR TELESCOPES FOR THIS DECADE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SOLAR TELESCOPE (ATST) HALEAKALA, HAWAII APERTURE 4-meter ADAPTIVE OPTICS (later MCAO) EUROPEAN SOLAR TELESCOPE (EST) LA PALMA or TENERIFE APERTURE 4-meter MULTI CONJUGATE AO

  11. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SOLAR TELESCOPE Completion 2017 INSTRUMENTATION

  12. MAJOR PROGRESS IN SOLAR OBSERVING CAPABILITIES COINCIDES WITH ENORMOUS IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO-HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING CAPABILITIES THEORY  OBSERVING SYNERGY

  13. MATTHIAS REMPEL High Altitude Observatory Boulder CO USA RESOLUTION: 16 x 16 x 12 km = > 0.022 x 0.022 arcsec TIME SPAN: 48 hours http://www.hao.ucar.edu/Profiles%20In%20Science/Rempel1.php

  14. INTENSITY IMAGES MHD MODEL Matthias Rempel OBSERVATION Swedish Solar Telescope

  15. MAGNETIC FIELD OUTWARD FLOW

  16. BOB STEIN Michigan State University Lansing, MI USA RESOLUTION: 6 km = 0.008 arcsec http://steinr.pa.msu.edu/~bob/data.html INTENSITY VERTICAL MAGNETIC FIELD

  17. “RAW” (12.1-m) ATST (4-M) NST (1.6-m) SST (1-m) HINODE (0.5-m) G-BAND (431 nm) λ (μm) Nearby Line 0.86 0.854 CaII▲(8-m) Δ(4-m) 1.29 1.083 HeI▲Δ 1.0746 FeXIII 1.72 1.548 FeI (g=3) ▲Δ ~1.6 H- minimum 3.44 Bα (4.05) & Bβ (2.63) ▲Δ 4.80 CO Bands ▲Δ 6.90 opaque atmosphere ▲Δ» 12.3 MgI (3700K) ▲»

  18. EFFECT OF MULTI-CONJUGATE ADAPTIVE OPTICS * Requires Knowledge of Wavefront Distortion vs Height => Needs Atmospheric Tomography * Uses Multiple Deformable Mirrors Conjugated to Different Heights * Increases Field-Of-View by Factor 2N (diameter) or 4N2 (N=nr of DMs) * Included in Design of All Extremely Large Nighttime and Solar Telescopes ESO MCAO DEMONSTRATOR With MCAO No MCAO

  19. CORRECTED FIELD-OF-VIEW FOR SINGLE CONJUGATE AO (SCAO) AND TRIPLE CONJUGATE AO (TCAO) . CaII 0.86 μm FeI 1.548 μm CO Bands 4.80 μm MgI 12.3 μm NOTES: (1) FOV is not Dependent on Telescope Diameter (2) At 12.3 µm MgI has Full Disk image with 0.3” Resolution!

  20. ATMOSPHERIC TOMOGRAPHY WITH THE RING TELESCOPE

  21. BEAM CROSSECTION • Height 12 km • λ = 1.56 µm • Corrected Area: • SCAO • (20”) • TCAO • (100”) 8-meter RING TELESCOPE

  22. BEAM CROSSECTION • Height 12 km • λ = 1.56 µm • Corrected Area: • SCAO • (20”) • TCAO • (100”) 8-meter FILLED TELESCOPE

  23. RING TELESCOPES REQUIRES MORE (~ 3 x) “GUIDE STARS” (= sub-areas on Sun) THAN FILLED-APERTURE TELESCOPES

  24. CONCLUSIONS FOR 8-METER APERTURE CHINESE GIANT SOLAR TELESCOPE DESIGN 1. Design Telescope for Near-Infrared & Infrared Wavelengths (0.8 μm – 13 μm) 2. Note that in IR Sunspots are Less Dark and Hence Less Affected by Scattered Light 3. Allow for Future Extension to Visible Wavelengths in case MHD Models & ATST/EST Data Demand Better Resolution 4. Include Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO => TCAO?) 5. Prefer Filled Aperture to Allow for Atmospheric Tomography 6. But Ring Aperture Ok but will Requires ~3x more “Guide Stars” 7. Consider Low Scattered Light at IR Wavelengths (Coronagraph) to Allow Coronal Magnetic Field Observations at High Resolution 8. Consider also Laser Guide Star SCAO or TCAO in Corona

  25. WHAT ABOUT LOCATION ?? I MONGOLIA!

  26. TOLBO NUUR MONGOLIA 50 km S of ÖLGII 2080 m ALTITUDE 3 x 20 km SIZE FRESH WATER

  27. TOLBO NUUR 2080 m HIGH 3 x 20 km URUMQI

  28. Figure 7. Daily mean distribution per month of probable NAOH (number of astronomical observationhours) for three Mongolian sites and for two sites in Middle Asia. Circles: Khureltogot, +:Dalanzadgad, ×: Muren,squares: Khairabad, triangles: Sanglock.Figurereference:[1]. NIGHTTIME! HOURS! References [1] Batsukh G, Ganbaatar D, Khaltar D and Tugjisuren N 1995, A&ASS 113 341

  29. THE END

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