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AC POWER - A CHALLENGE ?? @ WAEA - TC Seattle, June 2000

SKY power. AC POWER - A CHALLENGE ?? @ WAEA - TC Seattle, June 2000. In-seat power for notebook computers, handheld video players and other PED’ s. Power management for electrical seat equipment. 15 VDC system certified and in-service since October 1998.

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AC POWER - A CHALLENGE ?? @ WAEA - TC Seattle, June 2000

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  1. SKY power AC POWER - A CHALLENGE ?? @ WAEA - TC Seattle, June 2000

  2. In-seat power for notebook computers, handheld video players and other PED’ s Power management for electrical seat equipment 15 VDC system certified and in-service since October 1998 110 VAC system certified in July 1999 110 VAC system in-service since April 2000 Corresponds to the latest safety and certification standards SKY power POWER TO THE PEOPLE

  3. SKY power CUSTOMER 15 VDC 110 VAC & Airline Aircraft Type Program Status US Airways A319/A320/A330 (line fit) EIS 1998 / ongoing LTU B767, A330 (retrofit ) EIS 1998 / completed Gulf Air A330 (line fit) EIS 1999 / completed British Airways B747/B777 EIS 1999 / ongoingLan Chile A319/A320/A340 (line fit) EIS 2000 / RFC - 110VAC 15VDC approx. 10.000 Seats In-Service Lufthansa B747, A340 (retrofit) EIS 04.2000 / ongoing Grupo Taca A319/A320 (line fit) EIS 09.2000 / ongoing Lan Chile A319/A320/A340 (line fit) EIS 2001 D.C. Aviation A319 Corporate Jet EIS 2000 / completed China Airlines A340 (line fit) EIS 2001 110VAC approx. 4.000 Seats In-Service

  4. AC POWER TECHNICAL ISSUE & INSTALLATION

  5. Column Right (1) Seat Group A/C Power Supply A/C Power Management (future) Portable Electronic Device (PED) Outlet Outlet further seat systems Outlet ISPC ISPC ISPC ISPC ISPC ISPC ISPC ISPC LED PM MCU Powerline FDB FDB Controlline Column Centre Right (3) Column Centre Left (3) Crew Panel Other Systems Column Left (4) BITE Future Applications (5) Note: LED = “outlet used” Indication, FDB = Floor Disconnect Box, ISPC = In-Seat Power Converter PM = Programming Module, MCU = Master Control Unit SKY power SYSTEM LAYOUT 15VDC & 110VAC

  6. 15 independent configurable power lines (5 columns, 3 phases each) Comprehensive power management of all connected seat equipment BITE performed after „power on“, reset and continuously during operation System performances individually configurable via Programming Module Programmable overload protection for each power line Ground Fault Interrupt for each column SKY power - MASTER CONTROL UNIT POWER MANAGEMENT & SAFETY

  7. Power supply 110 VAC @ 60 HZ 75 W per outlet - 150 W total Available for 2-seat / 3-seat assemblies EMI filtering Electrical Ground Fault Protection (GFI) Over-voltage and over-current protection Electrical load sensor Outlet sensor management SKY power millennium IN-SEAT POWER SUPPLY 110 VAC

  8. Receptacle for US 2 / 3 pin plug and European standard Mechanical children protection to prevent manipulation 3 sensors and a micro-controller release power only if a plug is engaged LED system status information SKY power millennium Plug pin sensors Plug chassis sensor LED Indication OUTLET UNIT 110 VAC

  9. ISPC cover removed Electrical bonding & conductive cooling via seat chassis SKY power INSTALLATION Seat Integration Example of the In-Seat Power Converter top view side view front view

  10. SKY power INSTALLATION Seat Integration Example of the 110 VAC Outlet Unit Premium Class Seats Economy Class Seats

  11. AC POWER BENCHMARK 15VDC  110VAC

  12. SKY power 15 VDC VS. 110VAC 15 VOLT - MARKETING ASPECTS Some power is available The Hypertronic outlet is small, discreet and easy to integrate  Neither the 15 VDC power output nor the receptacle respond to computer industry standards (there may be some exceptions)  Additional DC-DC laptop power transformer are required (approx. 60 different types on the market, priced US$ 80 - 100)  Providing adapters to passengers is a serious cost and logistic challenge for the airline  Not to provide the adapters means not to respond to the passengers’ expectations HOW MANY PASSENGER WILL USE IT ?

  13. SKY power 15 VDC VS. 110VAC 15 VOLT - TECHNICAL AND SAFETY ASPECTS  15 VDC voltage is not considered critical  The power outlet is small and easy to integrate into the seat  A third manufacturer’s adapter breaks the chain of OEM equipment (ISPSS -- notebook)  Not all third party adapters correspond to airworthiness qualification standards (DO 160) and the notebook manufacturers’ specifications Potential risks: Grey market, EMI problems, unregulated battery charging  Existing 15 VDC - 110 VAC transformer (some manufacturers offer such products) are of potential danger when operated by passengers without any system safety protection

  14. SKY power 15 VDC VS. 110VAC 110 VOLT - MARKETING ASPECTS  The passengers can operate their laptop computers like at home  No additional voltage transformer is required (Non-US notebook computers operate in the range of 110 - 240 VAC @ 50/60 Hz)  No additional cost and logistic issues for the airlines  Instant access meets the passengers expectations  Crew / passenger instructions are required in order to advise passengers MEET THE PASSENGER’S EXPECTATIONS

  15. SKY power 15 VDC VS. 110VAC 110 VOLT - TECHNICAL AND SAFETY ASPECTS  The notebook OEM transformer meets the individual specifications of the notebooks This supports a continuous chain of OEM equipment The load limit of 75 W does not allow operation of hair dryers or other critical equipment  Additional passenger safety features in the seat end GFI, mechanical locks, over-voltage / over-current protection, load sensor, plug sensors  The size of the outlet unit may require more seat engineering skills

  16. AC POWER CERTIFICATION ASPECTS

  17. Compliance: the outlet accommodates normal Euro/US duplex connectors, but the built-in safety features provide a safety equivalent to a special adapter. Objective: to control access of the in-seat power system Objective: to allow easy monitoring of in-seat power use by the cabin crew, in particular in a dark cabin on long range flight Compliance: final ISPSS standard has an indication light on the aisle side of each seat group ISPSS APPROVAL CONDITIONS JAA policy harmonised with the FAA, based on previous FAA Memo Following items are relevant to AC-Systems: “No conventional duplex outlet, special adapter required” “Indication of power outlets in use”

  18. Standard Qualification for Airborne Equipment Qualification Report (Do 160); Load & Safety Analysis; EMI & Functional Ground Test... Additional Aircraft Inspection and Ground Test on In-Service Aircraft Aircraft installation inspection Safety features (overload, short circuit outlet, short circuit phases, ground fault, over-heat conditions, mishandling) Aircraft Inspection at the Assembly Line and Lab Tests at KID-Systeme Aircraft installation inspection Safety features (short circuit MCU) Spilling liquid Smoke / fire containment of seat box (ISPC) Flammability REVIEW OF FAA TEST AND INSPECTION ALL TESTS PASSED SUCCESSFULLY

  19. Attempt to overcome the mechanical and electronic safety protections Deliberate mishandling by introducing loose pins and similar objects into the outlet Did not succeed to release power on the outlet The safety features prevented activation under all tested circumstances REVIEW OF FAA TEST AND INSPECTION Mishandling of the 110 VAC Outlet Unit TEST PASSED SUCCESSFULLY

  20. Mishandling of PED Power Cord under Load A damaged PED power cord under load is trapped under the flap of the folding table in the seat armrest. After the cord is cut through a short circuit or a ground fault switches off outlet power immediately. TEST PASSED SUCCESSFULLY

  21. LED conductive liquid (salt water) 110 VAC OUTLET UNIT LIQUID INGRESS TEST Outlet submergedPower no longer available(LED off) AC power not released but available (LED green) TEST PASSED SUCCESSFULLY

  22. 110 VAC OUTLET UNIT LIQUID INGRESS TEST Spilling conductive liquid on the AC Outlet used by light bulb testload Power interrupted by differential current protection after ingress of liquid TEST PASSED SUCCESSFULLY

  23. Connectors started to melt down Unit switched off at temperature limit No damages at PCB and components HEAT TEST OF ISPC UNIT ON LAB TEST RIG Deliberate Heating with 400°C Air Blower NO SMOKE - NO FIRE - NO FUMES

  24. THANK YOU !

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