Animal Science II- Small Animal

1. Animal Science II- Small Animal Unit C- The Small Animal Care Industry

2. Competency 6.00 Interpret the status of the small animal industry today.

3. Objective Explain how the small animal care industry is important to society

4. Assignment Title your notes today Small Animal Industry Brainstorm how the Small Animal Industry can benefit society in general. Put a few of your own ideas in you notebook.

5. Benefits of Small Animals Economic $32 billion to national economy Companions to 60% of American Families Children learn responsibility Improves quality of life for elderly Product testing Develop drugs and vaccines

6. Benefits of Small Animals Pet therapy Relieve depression Reduces heart disease Watch dogs, seeing eye dogs Rabbit meat Low in cholesterol, sodium and fat Fur and wool

7. Benefits of Small Animals Exhibition Rabbits provide multiple benefits Pets Food Clothing Research

8. Economics Retail pet stores $21 billion in sales Biomedical research Supported by $15 million in taxes 65-100 million small animals Education 6 million used for dissection

9. Economics 4 million small animals used in the LD50 test Americans spending on pets $20.3 billion

10. Economics Veterinary expenses $11 billion annually Dogs cost twice as much as cats Pet food sales $9 billion

11. Pet Ownership- Dogs There are approximately 65 million owned dogs in the United States Most owners (65%) own one dog 33% of owners own two dogs 12% of owners own three or more dogs Slightly more male dogs are owned than female dogs Eighteen percent of owned dogs were adopted from an animal shelter On average, dog owners spent $263 on veterinary related expenses in the past 12 months Seventy-two percent of owned dogs are spayed or neutered

12. Pet Ownership- Cats Approximately 77.6 million owned cats in the United States 34% of U.S. households own at least one cat On average, owners have two cats (2.2) Slightly more female cats are owned than male cats 16% of owned cats were adopted from an animal shelter Cat owners spent an average of $113 on veterinary related expenses in the past 12 months Eighty-four percent of owned cats are spayed or neutered

13. Dogs, Cats & The Rest There are 7 million more cats than dogs Most cat owners average two cats Dogs are found in more households than cats Fish Birds Rabbits

14. Objective Discuss the skills needed for employment in the small animal industry

15. Job Types Care and management industry Pets Lab animals Zoo animals Health Training Food and equipment supply

16. Job Types Pharmaceutical and biotechnology research Hospitals Universities Labs Private firms

17. Job Types Exhibitors Operates animals acts Carnivals Circus Fairs (Cleveland County Fair) Zoo Marine mammal displays

18. Care and Management Jobs Pet care worker Boarding kennels Animal hospitals Shelters Pet stores Training schools Pet grooming parlors

19. Care and Management Jobs Kennel attendants Feeds and cares for animals Cleans Animal groomers Bathes, brushes & trims hair and nails Dog trainers Teaches the dog to obey signals or commands

20. Care and Management Jobs Small Animal Breeders Raises & markets fur-bearing animals Usually specialized for one breed Pet shop owners and managers Dealers Sell lab animals Research education

21. Care and Management Jobs Veterinarians (DVM) Control animal injuries and disease Disease prevention Inspection Meat and animals products Surgery Establish diets Prescribe medications

22. Care and Management Jobs Vet. Technicians Assist veterinarians and other staff Skills needed: Previous experience as a keeper Part-time volunteer work Shelters Pet shops clinics

23. Objective Discuss medical terminology used by those working in the veterinarian phase of the small animal care industry

24. Medical Terminology Components of medical terminology Prefix Beginning of the word indicating: Number Location Time Status Root words Word part that gives the fundamental meaning of a word

25. Medical Terminology Suffixes Word part at the end of a word indicating: Procedure Condition Disease Disorder

26. Medical Prefixes a-, an- without, lack of Anemia- without blood anti- against, opposing Antiseptic- against infection bi- two, double, twice Bilateral- two sides dys- painful, difficult, abnormal Dysentery- abnormal infection of the colon pre- before Preoperative- before surgery

27. Medical Root Words carp wrist carpel- pertaining to the wrist cardi heart cardiology- study of the heart dors back dorsal- relating to the back

28. Medical Root Words dent, odont teeth dentist- person who works with teeth Gastr stomach gastronomy- surgical opening of the stomach Gingiv gums gingivitis- inflammation of the gums phleb, ven vein phlebotomist- person who obtains blood from veins

29. Medical Suffixes algia Pain arthralgia- painful joints centesis Procedure to remove fluid Cytocentesis- removing fluid from the bladder itis inflammation bronchitis rrhea Flow or discharge diarrhea

30. Positional Terminology Ventral Cranial Anterior Posterior Dorsal Caudal Dorsal (frontal) plane Transversal plane

31. Positional Terminology

32. Positional Terminology

33. Positional Terminology

34. Positional Terminology

35. Positional Terminology Visit the following website to view a Virtual Cat Dissection External Anatomy Link   http://bio.bd.psu.edu/cat/index.htm

36. General Terminology Antisepsis Biopsy Catheterization Clutch

37. General Terminology Colostrum Contact transmission Endogenous Exogenous Incubation

38. General Terminology Infectious disease Pocket pets Preventative health care programs Quarantine Spaying Neutering

39. Objective Summarize animal rights and animal welfare

40. Animal Rights vs. Animal Welfare

41. Animal Rights vs. Animal Welfare

42. Animal Welfare Legislation 1641 The Bodies of Liberty 1st law to protect farm animals 1st anticruelty act passed 1828 New York Legislature 1866- American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) formed

43. Animal Welfare Legislation 1906- Animal Transportation Act 1958- Humane Slaughter Act 1966- Laboratory Animal Welfare Act 1976- Horse Protection Act

44. The Vote? Do animals have rights? Should animals be used for food? Should animals be used for experimentation? Should hunting and trapping of animals be allowed?

45. Assignment Option #1 On a clean sheet of paper Prepare an editorial for the local news paper outlining your position on one of the previous questions You should use appropriate grammar and spelling for a public response Once you finish your rough draft, type your final response in a 12 point font Your editorial should be one page in length

46. On a clean sheet of paper Prepare a short speech that may be given at a public forum or town hall meeting. Your speech should use the format taught in class and should outline your position on one of the previous questions Your speech must be given in class and it must last at least 2 minutes Assignment Option #2

47. Objective Discuss techniques and risk involved when working with small animals

48. Zoonoses A disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans Example: Rabies

49. Rabies A viral disease Affects the nervous system Contracted by: Bites Scratches Saliva

51. Rabies Immunization is recommended when in doubt Children five to nine receive the most animals bites 5% report bites More than measles, mumps, chicken pox, and whooping cough Most domestic animals are not infected if vaccinated regularly

52. Rabies First Aid: Wash the affected area Use soap and water Tetanus shot If booster has not been received in 5 years Worker protection: 3 intradermal injections over three weeks 2 intramuscular injections if exposed

53. Toxoplasmosis Disease from Toxoplasma gondii parasite Usually carried by cats Infected by ingesting contaminated mice Spread by: Cat feces Contaminated cat litter Affects those with suppressed immune system

55. Toxoplasmosis Symptoms: Fever Headache Swollen lymph glands Cough Sore throat Congestion Loss of appetite Rash

56. Toxoplasmosis Concern for pregnant women Miscarriage Premature babies Blindness in babies Prevention: Disposable gloves when cleaning litter box Thoroughly washing hands Get a dog instead!

57. Ringworm Fungal disease Skin lesion: Round Scaly and encrusted Loss of hair at site Spread by direct contact Indirectly by equipment Treatment: Iodine soap or antifungal drugs

58. Psittacosis (Parrot Fever) Contracted by caged birds of the Psittacosis family Transmitted through feces and fecal dust Bacteria Prevention: Wear dust mask Eliminating mites and lice Spraying disinfectants

59. Psittacosis (Parrot Fever) Symptoms: Coughing Chest pains Fever Chills Weakness Vomiting Muscular pain Antibiotics used as treatment

60. Cat-scratch fever Non-serious Cat bites and scratches Symptoms: Localized swelling and soreness Treated with antibiotics Affected area may be slow to heal

61. Cat-scratch fever

62. Samonellosis Caused by the Salmonella bacteria Children and elderly most at risk Symptoms appear 12-72hrs after infection: Abdominal pain Vomiting Diarrhea for 4-7 days Pet turtles and reptiles Most likely to infect humans

63. Streptococcal Bacteria Results in sore throat Can be transmitted by dogs Treated with penicillin

64. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Cause coagulation of the blood Fever Headaches Nausea & Vomiting Skin rash Death if not treated Primarily passed by the American dig tick 6 other species can carry the disease

65. Lyme Disease First case in 1969 in Wisconsin Named in 1977 Lyme Connecticut Children developed arthritic condition Bacterial disease (Borrelia burgdurferi) Distinctive skin lesion 3-32 days

66. Lyme Disease Flu like symptoms Painful joints Fatigue may last for months Can damage internal organs without treatment Antibiotics used as treatment Tetracycline (adults) Amoxicillin (children) Vaccines can be administered

67. Parasites Gain subsistence from a host organism Ticks Seven species carry Rocky Mountain Spotted fever Five species carry Lyme disease

68. Parasites Ascarids (Toxocara species) & Hookworms Affect dogs and cats May be passed to humans Fever Headache De-worming cats and dogs most effective preventative method

69. Parasites Tapeworm Echinococcus granuosus CA, UT, AZ, NM Echinococcus multilocularus Located in upper Midwest (cool climate) Occasionally carried by dogs and cats Alveolar Hydatid Disease (AHD) Rare Potentially fatal (50-70%) Parasitic tumors of the liver May go unnoticed for years Avoid hand to mouth contact

70. Tapeworm

71. Life Cycle of AHD

72. Safety Assignment: Read page 21 in your textbook Know the 13 safety guidelines for working in the small animals industry