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Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior. Effects of Extinction Extinction and Original Learning Paradoxical Effects in Extinction. Effects of Extinction. Extinction involves omitting the US or reinforcer. CS alone, no US. R alone, no outcome.

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Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

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  1. Extinction of Conditioned Behavior • Effects of Extinction • Extinction and Original Learning • Paradoxical Effects in Extinction

  2. Effects of Extinction Extinction involves omitting the US or reinforcer • CS alone, no US • R alone, no outcome Two main effects of extinction procedures on behavior • responding decreases • response variability increases

  3. Extinction and Original Learning • Spontaneous Recovery • Rapid Reacquisition • Renewal • Reinstatement

  4. Spontaneous Recovery Extinction 1 Extinction 2 Acquisition Wait Test CS1 – US CS2 – US CS1 – noth CS2 – noth CS1 ? CS2 ? 2 weeks Longer wait after extinction, more spontaneous recovery

  5. Spontaneous Recovery Shows importance of passage of time

  6. Renewal CS Test Pairings Extinction Context A Context A Context B Context A No Extinction A return to the context of acquisition after extinction of the CR in a different context causes CR recovery (ABA renewal)

  7. Renewal

  8. Mechanisms • Subjects turn to the context to disambiguate the meaning of the CS • CS->US in acquisition (A) • CS->no US in extinction (B) • Inhibitory association is specific to Context B? • A change in context after extinction of the CR causes CR recovery (ABA renewal) • ABC causes renewal, which suggests a return to Context A is not necessary • AAB renewal • ABC renewal is normally weaker than ABA renewal, so a return to the context of acquisition may play some role

  9. Reinstatement US alone CS Test Pairings Extinction Context A Context A Context A Context A Context B A return of contextual excitation reinstates the extinguished CR

  10. Reinstatement

  11. Acquisition with Differing Percentage Schedules 100% 80/50/30% Speed Day

  12. Extinction with DifferingPercentage Schedules Speed 80% 50% 30% 100% Day

  13. Explanations Mowrer-Bitterman Discrimination Hypothesis Amsel’s Frustration Theory (Emotional) Capaldi’s Sequential Theory (Cognitive)

  14. Theios Experiment

  15. Extinction Experiment Speed G3, G4 50% G1, G2 100% Extinction Trials

  16. Amsel’s Frustration Theory

  17. Amsel’s Frustration Theory 100% Reinforcement Group

  18. Amsel’s Frustration Theory 50% Reinforcement Group

  19. Amsel (extinction data) Speed 100% 50% Extinction Trials

  20. Amsel

  21. Sequential Theory • Memory of past nonreinforced responding during reinforcement • Number of NR transitions • Maximum N length • Variability of N length

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