Understanding 20 th and 21 st Century Music Technology

1. Understanding 20th and 21st Century Music Technology • Listen to the following recording and identify the style of this music from the following options, providing a reason for your answer; • Jazz funk • Soul/R’n’B • Indie • New Wave • Electroacoustic • Reggae • World Music • 20th/21st Century Classical

2. R&B RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

3. R&B Rhythm and Blues (also known as R&B or RnB) is a popular music genre combining Jazz, Gospel and Blues influences and was first performed by African American artists R&B first originated in the 1940s Listen to this example RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

4. R&B The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed mainly to urban African Americans, at a time when sophisticated, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat was becoming more popular. RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

5. Key characteristics of R&B • Drum machine backed rhythms • Hip-hop or dance inspired beats • Many contemporary R&B vocalists use melismatic singing RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

6. R&B Listen to ‘Don’t you Know I Love You’ The Clovers and identify key features Consider; Melody/Harmony Rhythm/Tempo Texture/Structure/Form Timbre/Dynamics Complete the listening log found in your record of work RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

7. Does the song have different verses choruses/sections? How many beats are in the bar? Rhythm/Tempo Texture/ Structure/Form Is the song Homophonic or Polyphonic? How fast or slow is the piece? Is the song in a Major or Minor key? How loud/soft is this song/are there changes in volume? Timbre/Dynamics Melody/Harmony Do you hear harmony/unison? What instruments/voices do you hear? How are they singing?

8. R&B • Complete the listening log in your Record of Work Book RhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhythmandBluesRhy

9. R & B Listening Activity • Listen to ‘Crazy in Love’ by clicking on the link opposite. • Complete the song plan sheet (shown on the next slide) in your record of work

11. Understanding 20th and 21st Century Music Technology • Listen to the following recording and identify the style of this music from the following options, providing a reason for your answer; • Jazz funk • Soul/R’n’B • Indie • New Wave • Electroacoustic • Reggae • World Music • 20th/21st Century Classical

12. Soul music

13. “A style of Afro-American popular music which originated in the 1950s-1960s including elements of blues and gospel and conveying strong emotions.” Soul

14. Stevie Wonder Aretha Franklin Can you name any others? Soul Bill Withers Marvin Gaye

15. Bill Withers. • Born July 4, 1938) is an American singer – songwriter and musician who performed and recorded from 1970 until 1985 • He recorded a number of major hits including ‘Lean on Me’, ‘Aint No Sunshine’, ‘Use Me’, ‘Just the Two of Us’, ‘Lovely Day’ and ‘Grandmas Hands’ Soul

16. History of Soul. Soul music has conquered the world in the last 50 years - growing from the raw, electric rhythms of the black underclass, it is now a billion dollar industry with R&B and hip-hop dominating the world's charts. It's been the soundtrack to some of the most extraordinary social, political and cultural shifts. And, together with the civil rights movement, it has challenged the white authority, helped breakdown segregation and encouraged the fight for racial equality Soul

17. History of Soul. In the 1960s, the most famous record labels were Tamla Motown,  Stax and Atlantic Tamla Motown was an all black record company set up by Berry Gordy in Detroit.

18. Characteristics of Soul. • The main characteristics of Soul Music are; • - Gospel influenced vocals • - Lyrical soulful melodies • - Emphasis on the rhythm section • - Large horn sections (trumpets, saxophones and trombones) • Listen to the following excerpt and listen to the soulful, gospel-influenced singing as well as the prominent brass sections Soul

19. Characteristics of Soul. Instruments typically found in Soul music would be; Electric Guitar Bass Guitar Piano Hammond Organ Drums Horn Section Keyboards Clavinet Vocals Soul

20. Inside Motown Studios

21. Listen to the following excerpt and discuss the concepts you hear • Use the following slide to help you identify concepts and write your answers on the whiteboards provided Soul

22. Does the song have different verses choruses/sections? How many beats are in the bar? Rhythm/Tempo Texture/ Structure/Form Is the song Homophonic or Polyphonic? How fast or slow is the piece? Is the song in a Major or Minor key? How loud/soft is this song/are there changes in volume? Timbre/Dynamics Melody/Harmony Do you hear harmony/unison? What instruments/voices do you hear? How are they singing?

23. Discuss your answers as a class and determine the correct concepts • Complete the listening log in your Record of Work Book My Girl – The Temptations My Girl R&B/Soul Soul

24. Homework Understanding 1.1 • Write an entry for a blog which contains the following information about R & B/Soul Music: • (At least) Three attributes (or key characteristics) of R & B/Soul music • One or more technologies that are essential to this genre • A key innovator of R & B/Soul Music • Any pieces of music that you have listened to in class or out with class that have helped develop your understanding of this genre