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18.1 Taxonomy

18.1 Taxonomy. Taxonomy. Naming and grouping organisms according to characteristics and evolutionary history Aristotle-first classification system Plant or animal group Plants-stem type animals-where they live Used common names Problems with this?. Carolus Linnaeus.

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18.1 Taxonomy

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  1. 18.1 Taxonomy

  2. Taxonomy • Naming and grouping organisms according to characteristics and evolutionary history • Aristotle-first classification system • Plant or animal group • Plants-stem type animals-where they live • Used common names • Problems with this?

  3. Carolus Linnaeus • Grouped organisms by structure and form (morphology) • Created a system of hierarchy • Used taxon groups

  4. general-lots of organisms King phillip came Over for great spaghetti Specific/not many organisms Can produce fertile offspring

  5. Human grouping system • Kingdom-Animalia • Phylum-Chordata • Class-Mammalia • Order-primate • Family-Hominidae • Genus-Homo • Species-Sapiens

  6. Binomial nomeclature • 2 word naming system • Latin or Greek • 1st name-genus; capitalized; can be abbreviated • Homo sapiens= H. sapiens • 2nd name-species; lowercase • Must underline or italics

  7. 18.2 notes

  8. Phylogeny • Definition: Evolutionary relationships amongst organisms • Form of evolutionary classification • Create a phylogenetic tree • More like a hypothesis • Can change

  9. How do we classify or place on tree? • Fossil record • Embryology • Structure and form • DNA and proteins

  10. Cladistics • Identifies and looks at only those characteristics that have arised in lineages over time • Humans: walking upright • Characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage and not in older members-derived characteristics • Use to construct a cladogram • Shows relationships • Help understand independent evolution

  11. Discuss at your table • What is the connection between evolution and classification? • How does genetics and protein synthesis connect with these two?

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