1 / 24

Understanding Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosing Techniques & Theories

Explore the diagnosis methods and theories behind Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a CNS disorder causing scar formation on nerve cells. Learn about symptoms, prevalence, and laboratory-supported definitive MS diagnosis criteria. Understand the IgG IEF procedure in diagnosing MS.

poche
Download Presentation

Understanding Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosing Techniques & Theories

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. IgG IEF Diagnosing Multiple Sclerosis

  2. Multiple Sclerosis • CNS disorder • Scar formation on outside of nerve cells of brain and spinal cord • Inflammation destroys covering of nerve cells leaving scar tissue • Nerve cells cannot transmit impulses

  3. Prevalence • Onset at age 15 to 50 years • 70% female • Temperate climate predominant

  4. Symptoms • Optic neuritis • Numbness / weakness in extremities • Instability in walking • Tremors • Loss of bladder control • Heat intolerance • Fatigue

  5. Encephalitis CNS Vasculitis Lyme Disease Behet Syndrome Sarcoidosis Syphilis Leukodystrophies Lupus Erythematosus Spastic Paraparesis Vitamin B-12 Deficiency Sjogren’s Syndrome Hereditary Degenerative Disorder Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Diagnosis by Exclusion

  6. Criteria for Diagnosis History of two attacks with positive oligoclonal bands or increased IgG in CSF Probable MS

  7. Criteria for Diagnosis History of two attacks with no laboratory abnormality Clinically Probable MS

  8. Criteria for Diagnosis History of two attacks with clinical and paraclinical evidence of lesions, oligoclonal bands, and increased IgG in CSF Laboratory-Supported Definitive MS

  9. Criteria for Diagnosis History of two attacks with clinical evidence of at least one lesion, and clinical or paraclinical evidence of another lesion Clinically Definitive MS

  10. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field

  11. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field • Proteins exhibit net + or – charge

  12. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field • Proteins exhibit net + or – charge • Migrate toward electrode of opposite charge

  13. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field • Proteins exhibit net + or – charge • Migrate toward electrode of opposite charge • Rate of migration ↓ as it reaches isoelectric point

  14. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field • Proteins exhibit net + or – charge • Migrate toward electrode of opposite charge • Rate of migration ↓ as it reaches isoelectric point (pI) • Protein focuses at pI

  15. IEF Theory • Stable pH gradient with carrier ampholytes in an electrical field • Proteins exhibit net + or – charge • Migrate toward electrode of opposite charge • Rate of migration ↓ as it reaches isoelectric point (pI) • Protein focuses at pI; some drift but regains charge and migrates back

  16. IEF Procedure Step 1: Focus proteins

  17. IEF Procedure Step 2: Transfer proteins to nitrocellulose membrane

  18. IEF Procedure Step 3: React with IgG antisera

  19. IEF Procedure Step 4: React with chromagen Step 5: Air dry Total Time: 2.5 to 3.0 hours

  20. Interpretation Compare CSF and Serum Looking for intrathecal synthesis indicated by oligoclonal bands in CSF but not in serum

  21. Interpretation Negative – no oligoclonal bands in CSF

  22. Interpretation Mirror Image – same bands in CSF and serum

  23. Interpretation Positive – Oligoclonal bands in CSF but not in serum

  24. Interpretation Positive oligoclonal banding is not diagnosis of MS

More Related