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Status of GEMS. Jhoon Kim, Mijin Kim, Ukkyo Jeong GEMS Team Yonsei University. GEMS Science Team. Changwoo Ahn Jay Al-Saadi P.K. Bhartia Kevin Bowman Greg Carmichael Kelly Chance Yunsoo Choi Ron Cohen Russ Dickerson David Edwards Annmarie Eldering Ernest Hilsenrath Daneil Jacob
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Status of GEMS Jhoon Kim, Mijin Kim, Ukkyo Jeong GEMS Team Yonsei University
GEMS Science Team Changwoo Ahn Jay Al-Saadi P.K. Bhartia Kevin Bowman Greg Carmichael Kelly Chance Yunsoo Choi Ron Cohen Russ Dickerson David Edwards Annmarie Eldering Ernest Hilsenrath Daneil Jacob Scott Janz Thomas Kurosu Qinbin Li Xiong Liu Randall Martin Steve Massie Jack McConnel* Tom McElroy Jessica Neu Mike Newchurch Stan Sander Jochen Stutz Omar Torres Dong Wu Liang Xu Ping Yang Dusanka Zupanski Milija Zupanski Jin Seok Han Chang Keun Song Sang Deog Lee M.H. Lee H.W. Seo Sukjo Lee Youdeog Hong J.S. Kim Myung Hwan Ahn Yong Sang Choi Myeongjae Jeong Jae Hwan Kim Young Joon Kim Hanlim Lee Kwang Mog Lee Rokjin Park Seon Ki Park Chul Han Song Jung Hun Woo Jung-Moon Yoo Heinrich Bovensmann John Burrows Joerg Langen Pieternel Levelt Ulrich Platt Piet Stamnes Pepijn Veefkind Ben Veihelmann Thomas Wagner Hajime Akimoto Sachiko Hayashida Hitoshi Irie Yasko Kasai Kawakami Shuji Charles Wong Seung Hoon Lee Sang Soon Yong D.G. Lee J.P Gong Dai Ho Ko S.H. Kim J.H. Yeon Y.C. Youk … Sangseo Park, Mijin Kim, Ukkyo Jeong, M.J. Choi; Ju Seon Bak, Kanghyun Baek; Hyeong-Ahn Kwon, H.J. Cho; K.M. Han, Jihyo Chong, Kwanchul Kim; J.H. Park, Y.J. Lee; Bo-Ram Kim, M.A. Kang J.H. Yang, Sujeong Lim, S.W. Jeong ;
Outline • GEMS Program • Status • Baseline Products • Specification • Issues • Nominal radiance vs. SNR • Predicted Performance • Summary
Air Quality Forecast in Operation- by Korean Ministry of Environment - O3, NO2, PM … http://www.kaq.or.kr
Status of GEMS Mission • Budget & Review • Budget request proposal was approved on Dec. 2010 by the Government Budget Review Committee led by the Ministry of Planning and Finance • GEMS Program passed Mid-term review on Dec. 4, 2013, and now is in Final Phase till launch. * Launch : Dec., 2018 • Prime Contractor • Selection of main contractor for the Joint Development with KARI on May 13th , 2013 (International Contractor: Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp.) • Changes in Environment • Domestic • GEMS, included as one of the 140New National Agenda(2013) • Air quality forecast in operation since 2013 by NIER (data assimilation of model with sat. data) • International • Increased attention on SLCF • International Collaboration • Recognized as a part of Geostationary AQ Constellation by CEOS ACC • ToR for NASA-NIER/ME collaboration endorsed by NASA HQ and NIER/ME • Bilateral agreement between Korea MEST and U.S. NASA • MOU between KARI and NSO • MOU with NCAR(2010), Harvard CfA (2011), UCLA(2012); Agreement with NASA(2011)
Before Launch After Launch GEMS_Lv1b Radiance spectrum Rλ(Sat.) MET. field CTM RTM Radiance spectrum Sim Emission Cloud detection YES Cloud • Rad Cloud fraction • Cloud height NO GEMS Instrument Requirement Dynamic range Spectral range Spectral resolution Spatial resolution SNR MTF Operation Scenario AMF Aerosol Surface • Hourly AMF • Stratospheric Comp • AI, AOD, SSA, • AOCH • Surface refl. NO2 SO2 HCHO O3 • Trop. NO2 VCD • Trop. SO2 VCD • HCHO VCD • Trop. O3 VCD • Total O3 VCD CAL/VAL AQ Forecast Public Service Data Assimilation Climate Change Policy
GEMS Unified algorithm development schedule 1. Design an integrated algorithm Finish 2. Make standardizing conventions 3. Make algorithm developers be familiar with the standardizing rules • 4. Develop each algorithm and common modules based on the standardizing rules 8. Repeat the processes, if needed • On-going • 2014 • 5. Assemble the algorithms and common modules to be an integrated one • 6. Optimize an integrated one including parallelization and porting • 2015 • 7. Test the system
Projected FOV & GSD - NS GSD @ Seoul : 7.0km Projected FOV Region of interest Normal operation For clear sector method
Operation mode • Imaging time 30 minutes + Transmission 30 minutes • to avoid mechanical disturbance with GOCI-2
- Performance prediction -Error analysis using the optimal estimation method TOMS climatology 388nm surface albedo CMAQ model results in East Asia domain GEMS viewing geometries GEMS specification VLIDORT Radiances, Jacobians, … SNR Calculate the solution error (retrieval noise + smoothing error) by optimal estimation method (Rodgers; Liu and Chance et al.)
Calculation domain & conditions Temporal domain 0 – 7 UTC (every hours) X 12 month Spatial domain 75 – 145 longitude X 5 – 45 latitude (2 degree resol.) • ~ 70,000 runs Atmosphere profiles CMAQ calculation results in East Asia (~70,000 profiles) 6 gases (O3, NO2, H2CO, SO2, C2H2O2, H2O), BrO, OClO, O4 and Aerosol Actual viewing geometry for a geostationary satellite at 128.2° E No cloud (under consideration) RTM calculation and sensitivity calculation (VLIDORT) 300-500 nm at 0.6 nm FWHM, every 0.2 nm GEMS SNR Climatology surface reflectance from TOMS at 388nm
1. 환경탑재체 규격에 근거한 사용자 요구사항 만족도(3/4) NO2 100.0% SO2 99.8% HCHO 100.0% Tropo. O3 99.9% Solution error SZA User Req.
1. 환경탑재체 규격에 근거한 사용자 요구사항 만족도(4/4) Strat. O3 100.0% Total O3 100.0% * 3 hours co-adding
Nominal radiance and SNR • Overestimation of nominal radiance decrease of SNR • Near 300 nm Important for ozone retrieval (wavelength coverage extension issue) • GOCI most probable measured radiance (all pixels including cloud) (one daily cycle per month for 1 year (2012), Lat = 25N~48N, Long = 115E~145E)
Predicted SNR @ nominal radiance with different integration time * SNR requirement 1X integration time 4/3X integration time 5/3X integration time 2X integration time Increase of Integration Time Issues: 1) signal saturation, 2) pointing stability
Data Quality Harmonization with GEO Constellation • CEOS ACC • Harmonizing data quality • Sharing basic requirements • Comparing algorithm performance • Common algorithm standard • Cross participating in science & review meetings • Calibration • Pre-flight cal. • Collaborate with TEMPO, Sentinel-4 and TROPOMI team • Post flight ground-based Cal/Val • AERONET, Pandora, SAOZ … • GSICS UV-VIS
Summary • GEMS is now in main phase, after SDR in 2013 and PDR this week, and is planned to be launched in Dec., 2018. • GEMS is expected to provide information on trace gas and aerosol with their precursors in high spatial and temporal resolution • O3 NO2 HCHO SO2AOD/AI, (possibly CHOCHO, BrO) • Clouds, surface reflectance, UV radiation. • The predicted performance of trace gases from the initial design of GEMS satisfies the product accuracy requirements of NO2, HCHO, O3. Meanwhile, the estimated accuracy of SO2 product seems to be questionable, thus requires the increase of SNR by spatial coadding (lowering resolution), longer observation time, or more frequent operation (reduced E-W scan range). • The data assimilation between CTM and GEMS data is important with the air quality forecast in operation. • Collaboration with Team of TROPOMI, Sentinel-4 & TEMPO is desirable in calibration, algorithm development and application
Acknowledgement GEMS Science Team Ministry of Environment (MoE), Rep. of Korea NIER, MoE KEITI, MoE Ministry of Science, ICT & future Planning (MSIP) KARI