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NEGATION IN MARI Sirkka Saarinen

NEGATION IN MARI Sirkka Saarinen. FU-Congress, Piliscsaba 9.–14.8.2010. Negative auxiliary in Mari. takes modal, temporal and personal suffixes main verb in the connegative form (= most often stem). Present tense, indicative, MariE Aff. Neg. Sg1 tol-am o-m tol come-SG1 NEG-SG1 come

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NEGATION IN MARI Sirkka Saarinen

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  1. NEGATION IN MARISirkka Saarinen FU-Congress, Piliscsaba 9.–14.8.2010

  2. Negative auxiliary in Mari • takes modal, temporal and personal suffixes • main verb in the connegative form (= most often stem)

  3. Present tense, indicative, MariE Aff. Neg. Sg1 tol-am o-m tol come-SG1 NEG-SG1 come Sg2 tol-at o-t tol come-SG2 NEG-SG2 come Sg3 tol-eš o-k ~ o-g-eš tol come-SG3 NEG-(PRS)-SG3 come Pl1 tol-əna o-na ~ o-g-əna tol come-PL1 NEG-(PRS).PL1 come Pl2 tol-əda o-da ~ o-g-əda tol come-PL2 NEG-(PRS)-PL2 come Pl3 tol-ət o-g-ət tol come-PL NEG-(PRS)-PL come

  4. Present tense, indicative, MariW Aff. Neg. Sg1 tol-am a-m tol come-SG1 NEG-SG1 come Sg2 tol-at a-t tol come-SG2 NEG-SG2 come Sg3 tol-eš a-k tol come-SG3 NEG-SG3 come Pl1 tol-əna a-na tol come-PL1 NEG-PL1 come Pl2 tol-əda a-da tol come-PL2 NEG-PL2 come Pl3 tol-ət a-k tol-ep come-PL NEG-SG3 come-CONN

  5. 1. preterit, MariE (1) 1. conj. 2. conj. Aff. Sg1 tol’-əm kolə-š-əm come-(PST)-SG1 die-PST-SG1 Neg. Sg1 š-əm tol š-əm kolo (NEG)-PST-SG1 come (NEG)-PST-SG1 die Aff. Sg2 tol’-əč kolə-š-əč come-(PST)-SG2 die-PST-SG2 Neg. Sg2 š-əč tol š-əč kolo (NEG)-PST-SG2 come (NEG)-PST-SG2 die Aff. Sg3 tol’-o kolə-š come-(PST) die-PST Neg. Sg3 ǝ-š tol ǝ-š kolo NEG-PST come NEG-PST die

  6. 1. preterit, MariE (2) 1. conj. 2. conj. Aff. Pl1 tol-na kolə-š-na come-(PST)-PL1 die-PST-PL1 Neg. Pl1 ǝ-š-na tol ə-š-na kolo NEG-PST-PL1 come NEG-PST-PL1 die Aff. Pl2 tol-da kolə-š-ta come-(PST)-PL2 die-PST-PL2 Neg. Pl2 ə-š-ta tol ə-š-ta kolo NEG-PST-PL2 come NEG-PST-PL2 die Aff. Pl3 tol’-əč kolə-š-t come-(PST)-PL die-PST-PL Neg. Pl3 ǝ-š-t tol ǝ-š-t kolo NEG-PST-PL come NEG-PST-PL die

  7. 1. preterit, MariW Aff. Neg. Sg1 tol’-əm š-əm tol come-(PST)-SG1 (NEG)-PST-SG1 come Sg2 tol’-əc š-əc tol come-(PST)-SG2 (NEG)-PST-SG2 come Sg3 tol’-ə ǝ-š tol come-(PST) NEG-PST come Pl1 tol-na š-ǝnä tol come-(PST)-PL1 (NEG)-PST-PL1 come Pl2 tol-da š-ǝdä tol come-(PST)-PL2 (NEG)-PST-PL2 come Pl3 tol’-ewǝǝ-š tol-ep come-(PST)-PL NEG-PST come-CONN.PL

  8. 2. preterit, MariE Aff. Sg1 tol-ən-am < tol-ən ul-am come-GER-SG1 < come-GER be-SG1 Neg. Sg1 tol-ən o-m-əl come-GER NEG-SG1-be Sg2 tol-ən-at Neg. tol-ən o-t-əl come-GER-SG2 come-GER NEG-SG2-be Sg3 tol-ən tol-əno-g-əl come-GER come-GER NEG-PRS-be Pl1 tol-ən-na tol-əno-na-l come-GER-PL1 come-GER NEG-PL1-be Pl2 tol-ən-da tol-əno-da-l come-GER-PL2 come-GER NEG-PL2-be Pl3 tol-ən-ət tol-əno-g-ət-əl come-GER-PL come-GER NEG-PRS-PL-be

  9. 2. preterit, MariW Aff. Neg. Sg1 tol-ən-am tol-te-l-am come-GER-SG1 come-ABE-be-SG1 Sg2 tol-ən-at tol-te-l-at come-GER-SG2 come-ABE-be-SG2 Sg3 tol-ən tol-te come-GER come-ABE Pl1 tol-ən-na tol-te-l-na come-GER-PL1 come-ABE-be-PL1 Pl2 tol-ən-da tol-te-l-da come-GER-PL2 come-ABE-be-PL2 Pl3 tol-ən-ət tol-te-l-ət come-GER-PL come-ABE-be-PL

  10. Compound tenses 1 Compound imperfect, affirmative tol-am ǝľ-e / W tol-am ǝľ-ǝ come-SG1 be-(1PST) 1. Compound imperfect, negative o-m tol ǝľ-e / W a-m tol ǝľ-ǝ NEG-SG1 come be-(1PST) 2. Compound imperfect, affirmative tol-am ul-maš / W tol-am ǝl-ǝn come-SG1 be-DER / be-2PST 2. Compound imperfect, negative o-m tol ul-maš / W a-m tol ǝl-ǝn NEG-SG1 come be-DER / be-2PST

  11. Compound tenses 2 Compound perfect, affirmative tol-ǝn-am ǝľ-e / W tol-ǝn-am ǝľ-ǝ come-2PST-SG1 be-(1PST) 1. Compound perfect, negative tol-ǝn o-m-ǝl ǝľ-e / W tol-te-l-am ǝľ-ǝ come-2PST NEG-SG1-be be-(1PST) / W come-ABE-be-SG1 be-(1PST) 2. Compound perfect, affirmative tol-ǝn-am ul-maš / W tol-ǝn-am ǝl-ǝn come-2PST-SG1 be-DER / be-2PST 2. Compound perfect, negative tol-ǝn o-m-ǝl ul-maš / W tol-te-l-am ǝl-ǝn come-2PST NEG-SG1-be be-DER / W come-ABE-be-SG1 be-2PST

  12. Imperative mood Aff. Neg. Sg2 tol i-t tol come NEG-SG2 come Sg3 tol-žo ǝn-že tol come-(PX.)SG3 NEG-(PX.)SG3 come PL2 tol-za/ W tol-da i-da tol come-PL2 NEG-PL2 come Pl3 tolǝ-št / W tolǝ-štǝ come-(PX.)PL3 Neg. Pl3 ǝn-ǝšt tol / W ǝn-žǝ-štǝ tol-ep NEG-(PX.)PL3 come / W NEG-(PX.)PL3 come-CONN.PL

  13. Desiderative mood 1 Aff. Sg1 tol-ne-m come-DES-(PX.)SG1 Neg. Sg1 ǝ-ne-m tol NEG-DES-(PX.)SG1 come Aff. Sg2 tol-ne-t come-DES-(PX.)SG2 Neg. Sg2 ǝ-ne-t tol NEG-DES-(PX.)SG2 come Aff. Sg3 tol-ne-že come-DES-(PX.)SG3 Neg. Sg3 ǝ-ne-ž tol NEG-DES-(PX.)SG3 come

  14. Desiderative mood 2 Aff. Pl1 tol-ne-na come-DES-(PX.)PL1 Neg. Pl1 ǝ-ne-na tol NEG-DES-(PX.)PL1 come Aff. Pl2 tol-ne-da come-DES-(PX.)PL2 Neg. Pl2 ǝ-ne-da tol NEG-DES-(PX.)PL2 come Aff. Pl3 tol-ne-št come-DES-(PX.)PL3 Neg. Pl3 ǝ-ne-št tol NEG-DES-(PX.)PL3 come

  15. Negative existential, present tense uke e.g., jer-ǝšte kol uke lake-INE fish NEG Constituent negation, present tense o-g-ǝl / W a-g-ǝl NEG-(PRS)-be

  16. Negative verb Sg1 o-g-ǝm / W a-g-ǝm NEG-(PRS)-SG1 Sg2 o-g-ǝt / W a-g-ǝt NEG-(PRS)-SG2 Sg3 o-g-eš / W a-g-eš NEG-(PRS)-SG3 Pl1 o-g-ǝna / W a-na NEG-(PRS)-PL1 / NEG-PL1 Pl2 o-g-ǝda / W a-da NEG-(PRS)-PL2 / NEG-PL2 Pl3 o-g-ǝt / W a-g-ep NEG-(PRS)-PL / NEG-CONN.PL

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