China, Mongolia, and Taiwan

1. CHAPTER 27 China, Mongolia, and Taiwan Section 1: Physical Geography Section 2: China’s History and Culture Section 3: China Today Section 4: Mongolia and Taiwan

2. Section 1Physical Geography Objectives: • What are the physical features of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan? • What types of climate are found in China, Mongolia, and Taiwan? • What natural resources do China, Mongolia, and Taiwan have?

3. Section 1Physical Geography Physical features of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: • Mountains—Himalayas (Mt. Everest), Kunlun, Tian Shan, Altay, Greater Khingan Range • Plateaus, Basins, and Deserts—Plateau of Tinet, Taklimakan Desert, Tarim Basin, Turpan Depression, Mongolian Plateau, Gobi Desert • Plains—North China Plain • Rivers—Huang, Chang, Yangtze, Xi River

4. Section 1Physical Geography Types of climates found in China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: • The southeastern coast is the most humid region. • The extreme northwest has a desert climate. • Seasonal monsoon winds affect the south and east. • Typhoons are common in the summer and fall.

5. Section 1Physical Geography Natural resources of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: • China—Minerals: gold, iron ore, lead, salt, uranium, and zinc; coal (China is leader in coal resources) and oil • Mongolia—coal, copper, gold, iron ore, and oil • Taiwan—arable land is the chief asset

6. Section 2China’s Historyand Culture Objectives: • What are some of the major events in the history of China? • What are some features of China’s culture?

7. Section 2China’s Historyand Culture China’s History • 500 B.C.—The Great Wall is ordered to be constructed by the Qin Dynasty emperor. • Genghis Kahn leads Mongols in 1200s; Ming dynasty closed China to outsiders. • 1600s—The Manchu ruled for 260 years. • 1500s–1800s—Europeans establish trade with China.

8. Section 2China’s Historyand Culture China’s History • 1912—First Republic of China is formed under Sun Yat-sen. • Communists fight Nationalists and win in 1949; People’s Republic of China created. • 1966—Mao initiates the Cultural Revolution.

9. Section 2China’s Historyand Culture China’s cultural features: • Ninety-two percent of the population is Han Chinese. • Mandarin Chinese is the dominant and official language. • Taoism and the teachings of Confucius are important to Chinese culture. • Buddhism is an important religion.

10. Section 2China’s Historyand Culture China’s cultural features: (continued) • Education is a huge aspect of the culture. • Government controls many factors of daily life in China. • Chinese medicine stresses herbal remedies and harmony with nature.

11. Section 3China Today Objectives: • Where do most of China’s people live? • What are the major cities in China, and what are they like? • What is China’s economy like? • What challenges does China face?

12. Section 3China Today China’s people: • Ten percent of the population lives in the deserts and mountains of the west. • Northern China Plain is heavily populated. • Most people live in the countryside.

13. Section 3China Today China’s Cities • Shanghai—leading industrial center and seaport • Nanjing, Wahun—industrial centers built on iron ore and coal mines • Beijing (Peking)—capital with high cultural heritage • Hong Kong—major seaport and center for banking and trade

14. Section 4Mongolia and Taiwan Objectives: • How has Mongolia’s culture developed? • What is Taiwan’s culture like?

15. Section 4Mongolia and Taiwan Despite years of communist rule, Mongolia’s culture remains very traditional. • Many people are still nomadic herders. • Nomads live in gers. • Horses play an important role in Mongolian life. • Ulaanbaatar is the capital and the main industrial center.

16. Section 4Mongolia and Taiwan Taiwan’s culture: • The population is about 85 percent Taiwanese. • Chinese ways dominate the culture. • Japanese influences are seen in buildings and in certain foods. • European and American influences are also seen, especially in the cities.

17. Section 4Mongolia and Taiwan Taiwan’s culture: (continued) • The economy is modern and industrial. • Overpopulation and environmental concerns are challenges today.