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Final Presentation Project Specs & Challenges

Final Presentation Project Specs & Challenges. SD Group 6: Jean Pierre Jose Paredes Luigi Evalle Andres Escalante August 03, 2012. Jean Pierre. Jose Paredes. Luigi Evalle. Andres Escalante. Senior Design Group VI Group Members. Picture. Picture. Picture. Picture.

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Final Presentation Project Specs & Challenges

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  1. Final PresentationProject Specs & Challenges SD Group 6: Jean Pierre Jose Paredes Luigi Evalle Andres Escalante August 03, 2012

  2. Jean Pierre Jose Paredes Luigi Evalle Andres Escalante Senior Design Group VIGroup Members Picture Picture Picture Picture • Computer Engineering, B.S. • Grad: Summer ‘12 • Electrical Engineering, B.S. • Grad: Fall ‘12 • Electrical Engineering, B.S. • Grad: Summer ‘12 • Electrical Engineering, B.S. • Grad: Fall ‘12

  3. 2. 3. 1. 4. 5. 6. Critical ReviewTable of Contents Project Essentials Mechanical Aspect Component Breakdown Testing Milestones Financials

  4. Project EssentialsMain Project Overview -Photovoltaic Panel -Uses Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to efficiently charge the battery -Utilizes a DC to AC Inverter -Supports a 120VAC Output -MicroController Unit (MCU) Enables PV Panel to track energy source Provides LCD visual output Uses BlueTooth technology for data logging  Maximizes available Solar Radiation

  5. Project EssentialsDetailed Specifications Detailed Specs: PV Panel (Max Rating): 17.5V/3.43A (60W) DC/AC Inverter: 30W Battery: 120W/cell, 30Ah @Load Output: 30W Source Tracking every 30 Minutes Activates Stepper Driver for 5 mins every half-hour; powers Stepper Motor, which moves PV Panel to track Light Source.

  6. Project EssentialsGoals & Objectives • Source Tracking feature • Will increase energy input at • small energy expense Source Tracking Portability • Enhanced features: • Complete Enclosure for ease of Portability • AC Output for extended time load-bearing AC Output • Maximum Power Point Tracking •  Efficiency of at least 90% Efficiency

  7. Project Breakdown Project EssentialsBlock Diagram

  8. 2. 3. 1. 4. 5. 6. Critical ReviewTable of Contents Project Essentials Mechanical Aspect Component Breakdown Testing Milestones Financials

  9. EnclosureProject Physical Specs 36” 24’’ 36” Wooden Enclosure & Circuitry Rotating Chair Base 12” 36” 24’’ Light-Weight Aluminum PV Frame

  10. 2. 3. 1. 4. 5. 6. Critical ReviewTable of Contents Project Essentials Mechanical Aspect Component Breakdown Testing Milestones Financials

  11. Component Info. Component InformationPhotovoltaic Panel • Luigi E. • Status: Acquired • Currently @ 100%

  12. PV Panel TypesCrystaline v. Thin Film Technologies

  13. PV Panel TypesMonocrystaline Monocrystalline: • -Cheaper, more efficient, Light weight and Smallest Surface Area • Specifications: • -Max Power: 60 W • -Max Power Voltage: 17.6 V • -Max Current: 3.41 A • -Size: 33.25 in x 21.5 in • -Weight: 12.76 lb 33.25” 1.6” 21.5”

  14. PV PanelIncidence Angle Calculation Solar Angle of Incidence: • Solar panel's will more efficiently produce greater amounts of power when its oritentation • is exactly perpendicular to the light source feeding it. • Optimal angle depends on the geographic location of the solar panel and the current time of year. • The Solar panel will be adjusted to fixed angles depending on the season (summer, spring, fall or winter) • Various solar angle calculators may be found online ”EnergyWorksUs.com calculator was used as reference for this project • Once the angle from the horizontal is set, the efficiency of the panels will be further increased by utilizing solar tracking in order to have full exposure to the sun

  15. Component Info. Component InformationBattery Component • Andres E. • Stat: Acquired • Currently @ 100%

  16. Battery ComponentEATON 12V 120 W Sealed Lead Acid Battery (PWHR12120W3FR) • 6 cells per unit, 12V output • 30Ah capability • Min charge current 1 Amp • 400A Maximum discharge Surge current (~5 sec) • Battery life ~90,000 hours 6.9” Specifications 6.5” 4.9” *Calculations per cell; 6 cells per unit • Sealed construction. • Flame-retardant design. • Compact and low weight per avg. lead acid battery designs (23.6lbs, 4.9”x6.5”x6.9). • Wide range of operating temperatures (5°F~104°F). Convenience

  17. Component Info. Component InformationMax Power Point Tracker (MPPT) Unit • Luigi E • Status: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  18. MPPT ComponentMaximum Power Point Tracking: -Important because the voltage and current produced from the solar panel is variable depending on the amount of sun exposure to the solar panel. - The battery charges most efficiently 12V and 3 A. - purpose is to obtain the largest amount of voltage vs. current from a solar array. -voltage from solar panel goes to dc/dc converter which is parallel to MCU and battery -MCU chooses the maximum point at which the voltage and current will create the maximum power output as depicted by the equation P = IV. -Our goal: MPPT is to obtain efficiency of 90%

  19. MPPT ComponentAlgorithms: • -3 different tracking Algorigthms • Incremental Conductance • Constant Voltage • Perturb and Observe • -Most widely used • -MPPT will adjust voltage by small incremental amounts and measure the Power. It will continue increasing until Power no longer increases.

  20. Charging StagesAlgorithms: • Average 120W Sealed Lead-Acid battery will take 12-16 Hours to fully charge • The MPPT will charge the battery in 3 charging stages: • Bulk Stage • MPPT will charge the battery at a constant charge current, increasing the battery’s voltage until it reaches cutoff voltage (70% Charge). • Absorption Stage • As it charges the remaining 30% of the battery charge, the MPPT will slowly decrease the charge current. • Float Stage • At Float Stage, the MPPT insures the battery is fully charged with a stable lower constant charge current.

  21. MPPT Component PIC16F88 Microcontroller used: -Use the PIC16F88 microcontroller from Microchip -Program Memory: 7168 bytes Flash, 4096 Single Word Instructions -Data Memory: 368 bytes SRAM, 256 EEPROM bytes -16 I/o Pin -1 CCP (PWM) -2 Comparators -10-bit A/D -Timers 8/16 bit: 2/1

  22. MPPT Component MPPT Schematic

  23. Component Info. Component InformationDC/AC Inverter • Jose P. • Status: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  24. DC/AC InverterSpecs -30 watt. -Uses a pic16f628a microcontroller C Programming Language -60 hertz produced by two waves from microcontroller. -Stp55nf06l logic mosfet, 55 amps max current. -Transformer wired backwards to attain high voltage. -PCB space is 6 inches, 4 inches. -Any AC load, no more than 30W. -PTH08080WAH Switching Regulator Per TI Datasheet, 93.5% Efficient

  25. DC/AC InverterSchematics

  26. DC/AC InverterPrototype

  27. Component Info. Component InformationPV Panel Output Monitoring Unit • Jose P. • Status: Prototyped. • Currently @ 100%

  28. Monitoring the Solar PanelSpecifications Why is it important: -Efficiency calculations when comparing the efficiency of the MPPT. -Observe the effect of temperature on the solar panel's performance Voltage Coming from Solar Panel: -A voltage divider circuit will be used to calculate the voltage produced by the solar panel Current Coming from Solar Panel: -ACS714 a hall effect-based current sensor which will be surface mounted to the main PCB. Chosen because it is accurate for low current readings which range up to 5 A. Specifications: -Size: 0.7" x 0.8" -Weight: 1.3 g -Current Sensitivity: 0.185V/A -Max Logic Voltage: 4.5 - 5.5V -VCC: 5 V -Current input: -5A - 5A

  29. Component Info. Component InformationMicroController Unit • Jean P. • Status: Prototyped. • Currently @ 100%

  30. MCU Component MCU Development Board Comparison Chart

  31. MCU Component Microchip PICkit 2 Debug Express Comes with PICkit 2 Development Programmer/Debugger Needed to program PIC microcontrollers in our program. 44-pin Demo board with PIC16F887 Midrange PIC microcontroller Has 12 lessons on assembly programming to cover I/O, A/D converters, timers, interrupts, etc. Several lessons on using C language to program microcontrollers

  32. MCU Component Microcontroller ATmega2560 Operating Voltage: 5V Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V Digital I/O: Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) Analog Input Pins: 6 DC Current per I/O Pin 40mA DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50mA Flash Memory: 32 KB of which .5 KB used by bootloader SRAM: 2 KB EEPROM: 1 KB Clock Speed: 16 MHz

  33. MCU Component Class Diagram

  34. Component Info. Component InformationTracking Component (Photoresistor) • Jean P. • Status: Prototyped. • Currently @ 100%

  35. Tracking ComponentPHOTORESISTOR Size: 5.00x4.00mm Resistance on light: 5k-20k ohm Resistance in darkness: 1M ohm Max Voltage: 150V (DC) Peak Sensitivity: 560nm Sensitivity Range: CdS cells respond to light between 400nm (violet) and 600nm (orange) wavelengths, peaking at about 520nm (green). Power Supply: use less than 1mA for up to 100V (depending on power supply) Max power consumption: 100mW Operating temperature: -30 to +70°C

  36. Component Info. Component InformationLoad Control Monitoring Unit • Jean P. • Stat: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  37. Load Control MonitoringPorpuse With MCU through LCD visual output, we will display numerical values for: Voltage output of PV panel Current out of PV Panel Current Angle of PV Panel Temperature of PV panel

  38. Load MonitoringBlueTooth Module JY-MCU HC-06 V1.03 Bluetooth Transceiver • BlueTooth Module uses serial communication to transmit data for data logging. • Can easily connect with BT-enabled computers • Uses Rx,Tx pins of MCU’s AtMega 328 chip to transmit data

  39. Component Info. Component InformationMotor Controller • Jean P. • Status: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  40. Motor ControllerStepper Motor Big Easy Driver: Bi-Polar Stepper Motor Driver -- Designed by Brian Schmalzhaus -- from Sparkfun.com Specification: Bi-polar Micro stepping Driver used for Bi-Polar Stepper Motors Drive motor up to 2A/Phase Max Max Motor Drive Voltage: 35V On-board 5V/3.3V Regulation to use for Microcontroller Board can drive motor in Full Step, Half-Step, Quarter-Step, 1/8th –Step, 1/16th –Step Motor with 200 steps per revolution, require 3200 steps/rev for full revolution Comes with Eagle board files and schematic Overcurrent Protection with Potentiometer

  41. Component Info. Component InformationMotor Component • Jean P. • Status: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  42. Motor ComponentComparison

  43. Motor ComponentSpecs Worm Gear will limit movement while Stepper Motor is asleep. Stepper Motor Specifications: Size: Nema 23 Step Angle: 1.8 deg Voltage: 7.5 VDC Current/Phase: 1.0 Amp/phase Resistance/phase: 20.0 mH/ phase Holding Torque: 212 oz-in 150 N-cm Detent Torque: 7.0 oz-in 5.0 N-cm Rotor Inertia: 2.08 on-in2 380 g-cm2 Weight: 1.87 lbs 0.85 kg Available step Modes: Full, Half, Quarter, 1/8th and 1/16th Step

  44. Motor ComponentStepper Motor Schematic

  45. Motor ComponentStepper Motor Tracking Algorithm

  46. Component Info. Component InformationLiquid Crystal Display • Andres E. • Status: Prototyped • Currently @ 100%

  47. Liquid Crystal DisplaySpecs HD44780 2004 20x4 LCD Module W/ Blue backlight LCD specs: • Module Size(W×H×T): 98.0×60.0×14.0mm • Viewing Area(W×H): 76.0×26.0 mm • Character Size(W×H): 2.94×4.74 • Dot Size(W×H): 0.54×0.54mm • Operating Voltage: 4.5 – 5.5 V • Operating Current: 1.0 – 2.2 mA • Can run in 4-bit or 8-bit mode. • Easily interface with Arduino using LiquidCrystal library. • Customizable contrast levels for high visibility during high glare conditions. 2.4” 3.8”

  48. Liquid Crystal DisplayPin Schematic of 20X4 LCD Module

  49. 2. 3. 1. 4. 5. 6. Critical ReviewTable of Contents Project Essentials Mechanical Aspect Component Breakdown Testing Milestones Financials

  50. Testing Information

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