1 / 22

Ch 8 Life at the turn of the 20 th century

Explore how engineering innovations, urban planning, and new technologies transformed cities during the early 1900s, including the rise of skyscrapers, electric transit, and the impact of advances in communication, printing, and photography.

pottsj
Download Presentation

Ch 8 Life at the turn of the 20 th century

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ch 8 Life at the turn of the 20th century

  2. Bellringer • What changes could be made to improve living conditions in modern cities?

  3. Section 1 science and urban life

  4. Objective Questions • How did engineering innovations help cities grow upward and outward? • What was urban planning and how did it improve city life?

  5. Technology and city life • Cities expanded outward and upward • By the 20th century, due to the increasing number of industrial jobs, four out of ten Americans lived in cities • Technological advances met the nation’s needs for communication, transportation, and space • One remedy was to build towards the sky

  6. Skyscrapers • Design was possible b/c of elevators and development of steel to bear the weight of the buildings • Skyscrapers became America’s greatest contribution to architecture • They solved the practical problem of how to make the best use of limited and expensive space

  7. Skyscrapers • How did new technologies make the building of skyscrapers practical? • Answer: • The elevator made tall buildings usable; steel frames could bear the weight of tall buildings

  8. Electric transit • Cities were spreading outward • Underground moving cables powered streetcar lines • Electricity transformed transportation • Richmond became the first city to electrify its urban transit • New RR lines fed growth to the suburbs, allowing residents to commute to downtown jobs

  9. Electric transit • How did electric transit impact urban life? • Answer: • It led to growth of subways; made commuting easier • Vocabulary: • Promenade: a public place for walking

  10. Engineering and urban planning • Steel cable suspension bridges, like the Brooklyn Bridge, brought cities’ sections closer • Bridges provided recreational opportunities • In the Brooklyn Bridge it provided for an elevated promenade whose principle use will be to allow people of leisure, old and young invalids, to promenade over the bridge on fine days

  11. City planners wanted to restore a measure of serenity to the environment by designing recreational areas • Frederick Olmstead Law created planned urban parks • He designed Central Park in NY • It was envisioned as a safe haven in the center of the busy city • It featured boating and tennis facilities, a zoo, and bicycle paths • He wanted the city’s inhabitants to enjoy a “natural” setting

  12. History through architecture • Page 278

  13. City planning

  14. City planning question • List three major changes in cities near the turn of the century. What effect did each have? • Answer: • Skyscrapers conserved space by allowing cities to grow upward; new transportation systems and bridges drew neighborhoods closer together;urban planning put parks into cities

  15. Objective Questions • What effect did advances in paper, printing, and photography have on publishing and journalism? • How did airplanes revolutionize communication as well as transportation?

  16. New technologies • New developments in communication brought the nation closer • RR network spanned the nation • Advances in printing, aviation, and photography helped the spread of information

  17. Revolution in printing • 1890, literacy was 90% • Publishers turned out increasing numbers of books, magazines, and newspapers to meeting the growing demand of the reading public • Mills produced paper from wood pulp • Faster production and lower costs made newspapers and magazines affordable

  18. airplanes • Orville and Wilbur Wright experimented with new engines that could keep heavier than air craft aloft • They built a glider, then commissioned a four-cylinder internal combusion engine, chose a propeller, and designed a bike with a wingspan • December 17, 1903 they made their first flight • Covered 120 feet and lasted 12 seconds

  19. vocabulary • Internal combustion engine: • An engine in which fuel is burned within the engine rather than in an external furnace

  20. Photography explosion • Before 1880s, photography was a professional business • It was timely to take a picture and required heavy equiptment • A photographer couldn’t shoot a moving object • Pictures had to develop immediately • New techniques were discovered, no more glass plates or carrying the darkroom with them • They could use flexible film and could send it to a studio for processing

  21. The Kodak camera was introduced • $25 and 100-picture roll • After taking picture, send it back to factory and for $10 the film would be developed • This prompted millions of Americans to became amateur photographers • Helped to develop photojournalism

More Related