WWI And The United States

WWI And The United States Case Study

Instructions • Read and analyze the information on each slide in the case study. • All instructions for tasks that you need to complete are in green type. • Ask for help if you get confused. • Be sure to save your work as you go

Topic #1 Causes of WWI

MAIN Causes of WWI- The Great War I.Militarism- each country wanted it’s military to be stronger than their potential enemies. They tried to influence other countries with the size of their armed forces. II.Alliance System- European nations signed treaties of assistance with one another that committed them to support one another if they were attached. III.Imperialism- the competition over colonies worsened conflicts between imperial powers of Europe. IV.Nationalism- the belief that national interests and national unity should be placed ahead of global cooperation and that foreign affairs should be guided by national self interest.

Which of the MAIN Causes Is the Most Problematic? Instructions: Of the MAIN causes that led to WWI, write which one you think is the most problematic, or the one that probably led to the war more than the other three. Write your response and why in the space below. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look.

Two Major Alliances Before and During WWI Two Major Alliances: The Allies: France, Britain, Russia, (Serbia), Italy joined Allies in 1915 VS. The Central Powers: Germany, Austria- Hungary, Ottoman Empire

Predict: Which Alliance Will Win the War? Instructions: In the text box on the right write your prediction who you think will win the war, the Allies or the Central Powers. Base your prediction on the information presented in the map. Be sure to explain why you think that alliance will win the war. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. Prediction:

The Powder Keg of EuropeThe War Begins The War Begins: • Nations were reluctant to disturb the balance of power, but when the heir to the Austria- Hungary throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by a Serbian youth (June 1914), there was an explosion of countries declaring war on one another because of formed alliances. • July 1914- WWI Begins

The Alliance System= An Explosion of Declarations of War • Instructions: • Draw an arrow from Austria- Hungary to Serbia showing that Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia because of Archduke Ferdinand’s death. • Draw an arrow from Russia to Austria-Hungary showing that Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary because they are allied with Serbia. • Draw a line from Austria- Hungary back to Russia showing that Austria Hungary now declares war on Russia because Russia declared war on . • Now draw an arrow back and forth between each Allied and Central Power country showing that each country was now involved in the war because of the Alliance system Allies France England Russia Serbia (Serbian youth killed Archduke Ferdinand) VS Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary (Archduke Ferdinand’s country) Ottoman Empire

Which of the MAIN Causes of WWI is This Political Cartoon Based On? Instructions: In the text box on the right answer this question in complete sentences based on your interpretation of the political cartoon: Which of the MAIN causes of WWI is this political cartoon based? Why? Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. Answer:

Topic # 2 How was WWI different than wars fought before?

How was WWI different than wars fought before? • WWI is considered a World War because countries all over the world were involved. If fighting wasn’t actually taking place in an area, that doesn’t mean that those countries weren’t sending troops or supplies to support one of alliances. This was particularly true of colonial lands. II. Fighting in Europe was fought on two fronts 1. The Western Front- located along the border of Germany and France • The Eastern Front- located along the borders of Germany/Austria-Hungary and Russia • New weapons were introduced first during WWI and they had devastating effects. IV. WWI was the most costly war both financially and casualty wise up to that point in World History.

War in the Trenches • By 1915, opposing armies on the Western Front had dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire. Armies suffered huge losses for small land gains. • An example of this is the Battle of the Somme. There were 1.2 million casualties and only seven miles of ground changed hands after it was all over.

War In The Trenches The land in between the trenches was called no man’s land. Can you guess why?

War In The Trenches The conditions in the trenches were horrible. Soldiers experienced shell shock, rat infestations, lack of food and clean water, lack of sleep, trench foot, disease, and not to mention the constant threat of losing your life.

War In The Trenches Trench Foot: The wet and muddy conditions in the trenches made it extremely hard for soldiers to keep their feet clean and dry. The soldier in the picture has trench foot because of these conditions.

War in the Trenches Having watched the first part of All Quite On The Western Front: list 5 details about trench warfare that you saw in video. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. 5 Details about Trench Warfare 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

New Weapons of WWI Instructions: Using the Internet, find an important detail about each of the new weapons of WWI on the following five slides. In addition, copy and paste a picture of the weapon on the slide. Be sure that the information and picture you get about each weapon is from the WWI era.

New Weapons of WWI: Poison Gas

New Weapons of WWI :Machine Gun

New Weapons of WWI:Tank

New Weapons of WWI:Airplane

New Weapons of WWI:Submarine- a.k.a. U-Boat

Topic #3 Why Did the United States Enter WWI?

Analyzing Lyrics: How did Americans Change Their Tune? Instructions: Analyze the song lyrics from a popular American song below. Listen to the music by going to the link below. After you’ve finished reading the lyrics and listening to the song answer the questions in the text box on the right. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. "I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier". I didn't raise my boy to be a solider, I brought him up to be my pride and joy, Who dares to put a musket on his shoulder, To shoot some other mother's darling boy? Let nations arbitrate their future troubles, It's time to lay the sword and gun away, There'd be no war today, If mothers all would say, I didn't raise my boy to be a soldier. • Are these lyrics pro-war or anti-war? • What is the overall message of this song? To listen to the music go to this site: http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/ww1-music/nosoldier.mid

Analyzing Lyrics: How did Americans Change Their Tune? Instructions: Analyze the song lyrics from a popular American song below. Listen to the music by going to the link below. After you’ve finished reading the lyrics and listening to the song answer the questions in the text box on the right. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. "Over There" Verse 1 Johnny, get your gun, get your gun, get your gun Take it on the run, on the run, on the run Hear them calling you and me Every Son of Liberty Hurry right away, no delay, go today Make your Daddy glad to have had such a lad Tell your sweetheart not to pine, To be proud her boy's in line Verse 2 Johnny, get your gun, get your gun, get your gun Johnny, show the "Hun" 1 you're a son-of-a-gun Hoist the flag and let her fly Yankee Doodle, do or die Pack your little kit, show your grit, do your bit Yankee to the ranks from the towns and the tanks Make your Mother proud of you And the old red-white-and-blue Chorus Over there, over there, Send the word, send the word over there That the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are coming The drum's rum-tumming everywhere So prepare, say a prayer, Send the word, send the word to beware We'll be over, we're coming over And we won't come back till it's over, over there • Are these lyrics pro-war or anti-war? • What is the overall message of this song? To listen to the music go to this site: http://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/Billy%20Murray%20-%20Over%20There.mp3

Why Did the United States Enter WWI? In 1917 the U.S. joined the Allied (Allies) effort for many reasons 1. German u- boats (submarines) continued to attack American ships- unrestricted submarine warfare 2. The Allies were losing the war at this point, and Americans wanted to ensure repayment of debts from the Allied countries that the U.S. had been helping lending supplies/ammunition/artillery/etc. 3. British intercepted the Zimmerman Note in which the Germans were trying to make an alliance with Mexico. • The fresh American troops would soon turn the tide of war in favor of the Allies.

The Text of the Zimmerman Note

Topic #4 How did WWI affect Civilians?

How did WWI affect Civilians? • The Great War not only affected the troops involved, but everyone. The land and livelihoods of people living in the war zone were destroyed or permanently altered. Civilians had to do without so that the troops could have more, which led to hunger and starvation in many countries. People around the world were losing loved ones to the war, and those that returned were not the same as when they left for the war. • WWI became a total war- this meant that countries devoted all their resources to the war effort to try and win the war. Governments took over factories, farms, businesses, etc. • Many goods were in short supply during the war, so countries turned to rationing- under this system, people could only buy small amounts of items that were needed for the war effort. • Governments also used propaganda-one sided information designed to persuade the public- to keep up morale and support for the war.

How did WWI affect Civilians? Instructions: Draw an arrow matching the term with the example that could be found in civilian life during WWI. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. Rationing Total War Propaganda You read a poster that is trying to influence people to join the army. You can only buy two loaves of bread for your family a week. You work in a textile factory that has been taken over by the government to make soldier uniforms.

Analyzing WWI Propaganda in the U.S. Instructions: In the text box to the right of the propaganda poster explain how this piece of propaganda is trying to influence your actions or beliefs. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. How this piece of propaganda is trying to influence your actions or beliefs? Try this: Keep your eye on his finger but move to the left. Now move to the right. Is Uncle Sam still pointing at you?

Analyzing WWI Propaganda in the U.S. Instructions: In the text box to the right of the propaganda poster explain how this piece of propaganda is trying to influence your actions or beliefs. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. How this piece of propaganda is trying to influence your actions or beliefs?

Changes in American Society During WWI Instructions: Using the Internet, complete the chart below by listing some of the changes that the war brought to each group. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look.

Topic #5 The End of the War and the Treaty of Versailles

The End of the War • After the Americans joined the Allied effort with their fresh troops and supplies the tide of war turned in favor of the Allies. • On November 3, 1918 Austria-Hungary surrendered to the Allies. • All across Germany groups of soldiers and workers protested the war. • Finally on 11/11/1918 Germany agreed to a cease-fire and signed the armistice, or truce, that ended the war. They were too exhausted to continue fighting.

Effects of WWI Immediate Effects • Destruction and immense loss of life • Revolution in Russia and creation of communist USSR • Social Change in the U.S. • Allied Victory over the Central Powers • Treaty of Versailles • League of Nations created as an international peace keeping organization

Effects of WWI Long Term Effects • Break up of empires • U.S. policy of isolationism • U.S. emerges as global economic giant • Bitterness in Germany over their treatment with the Treaty of Versailles. • Rise of militant extremist parties in Europe (Fascists in Italy, Nazis in Germany) • Eruption of WWII

President Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles Instructions: Using pgs. 858-861 in the textbook and the internet answer the questions below. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. • What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points? • Why did the Allies reject Wilson’s peace plan? • What were the main provisions of the Treaty of Versailles? • What were some weaknesses of the Treaty?

“A Peace Built on Quicksand” Instructions: Based on your understanding of the provisions of and reactions to the Treaty of Versailles answer the question below in complete sentences. Erase these instructions when you are finished to give this slide a finished look. • Why do you think people say the Treaty of Versailles was a “peace built on quicksand”?

The End

WWI And The United States