Climate and Energy Programme of North Karelia 2020: Locally – Renewably – Efficiently

1. CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROGRAMME OF NORTH KARELIA 2020 Locally – Renewably – Efficiently

2. NORTH KARELIA • ONE OF THE 18 PROVINCES OF FINLAND • JOENSUU AS THE REGIONAL CENTER • 166 000 INHABITANTS • 14 MUNICIPALITIES • POPULATION DENSITY 9.4 persons/km2 • SIZE OF THE REGION 21 585 km2 • THE EASTERNMOST REGION OF THE CONTINENTAL EU • 300 km COMMON BORDER WITH RUSSIA

3. KOLI NATIONAL PARK

4. FOREST AND WOOD ENERGY TECHNOLOGY More than 2/3 of the forest harvesting machines sold in Europe come from East Finland: • John Deere & Waratah-OM, Ponsse, Kesla, Pentin Paja…

5. WOOD CONSTRUCTIONS, SOAP STONE FIREWOOD AND PELLET OVENS

6. THE STRENGHTS OF NORTH KARELIA • Large forest resource • 84 % of the land area is covered with forest • Annual growth exceeds annual forest removals • By-products of forest industry and wood chips offer great possibilities • Use of renewable energy is already high • 63 % of the total energy consumption • Large concentration of forestry related actors • Joensuu, the Forest capital of Europe • High level of know-how and cooperation between actors

7. STARTING POINT FOR THE CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROGRAMME • International obligations • UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol • European union – 20/20/20+10 by 2020 • Finland’s share 20/20/38 +10 • Obligation for the Regional Council of North Karelia: ”The Government requires that regions and urban areas draft their own climate and energy strategies and implementation programs based on the national climate and energy strategy.” National Climate and Energy Strategy 6.11.2008.

8. DRAFTING OF THE CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROGRAMME • Collaborative effort of the actors in the region • Municipalities • Regional administration • Research and educational institutes • European Forest Institute (EFI) • Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) • University of Eastern Finland (UEF) • Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) • North Karelia University of Applied Sciences • Companies • 4 working groups with about 50 experts • Strong political commitment • Administrative board of the regional council accepted the programme on 31.8.2011

9. CONSUMPTION BASED EMISSIONS IN NORTH KARELIA (2007) • Altogether 1,6 million tons of CO2-ekv • North Karelia 9,4 tons / person • The Finnish average is 14,8 tons / person

10. THE SHARE OF ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION FROM TOTAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN 2007

11. THE SHARE OF TRANSPORT FROM TOTAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN 2007 Other GHG emissions 64% Transport 36%

12. THE SHARE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT FROM TOTAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN 2007 Waste 3%

13. THE SHARE OF AGRICULTURE FROM TOTAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN 2007 Other GHG emissions 85 % Agriculture 15%

14. EMISSIONS AND SINKS IN NORTH KARELIA (2007)

15. ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN 2008 63% OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

16. TARGET FOR ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN 2020

18. EXAMPLE: WOOD CHIP USE IN NORTH KARELIA 1,1 TWh; about 10% of total energy consumption in 2010

19. WHAT IS IN THE CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROGRAMME? • Sets the vision for North Karelia • Programme for implementation of climate targets in the region • Sets the targets and measures for different sectors • Energy Production and Consumption • Transport • Community Structure and Land Use Planning • Construction • Waste Management • Agriculture • Forestry

20. MAIN TARGETS • Greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced more than the EU’s target • Access to the growing and international bio-economy markets is ensured by up to date expertize • The use of natural resources is sustainable • Awareness on the mitigation of climate change will increase and affect consumer choices in everyday life • The share of renewable energy is increased and diversified • Total energy consumption remains at the current level • The emissions from the transport sector will be reduced • Wood is favoured as a construction material • Housing and community structure burdens the climate as little as possible • Actors work together to achieve the targets of the climate and energy programme • Climate change mitigation measures are monitored on a regular basis

21. OIL FREE NORTH KARELIA • is a carbon neutral and over self-sufficient region in renewable energy production where fossil oil is not used in energy production • takes advantage and develops the possibilities of bio economy and is an international actor in the climate and energy sector • is known for sustainable development solutions that enhance the wellbeing of people and the environment • is a region where municipalities, communities, companies and residents are aware of the climate change and mitigation actions and conscious of their responsibilities and possibilities in climate issues

22. HOW DOES THE VISION BECOME REALITY? • The share of renewable energy is increased and diversified and energy efficiency is enhanced • In North Karelia greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced more than the EU’s target of 20% by 2020 • Cooperation between private and public organisations is increased and climate change is taken into account in all planning and decision making • Export activities for technology and services are strengthened • Municipalities are aware of the current state of their greenhouse gas emissions and the major emission sources and have determined their own climate targets and measures accordingly • The use of natural resources in North Karelia is sustainable and the biodiversity values of forests and agricultural environments are taken into account

23. ENERGY SECTOR TARGETS 1/3 ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY ADVICE • Giving energy advice is an integral part of the operations in different organisations • All the municipalities and 50 companies in North Karelia have signed the energy efficiency agreement • The energy efficiency of existing buildings is enhanced • Companies take advantage of the possibilities of energy efficiency and saving in their business

24. ENERGY SECTOR TARGETS 2/3 ENERGY PRODUCTION • Total energy consumption remains at the 10 TWh level • The share of renewable energy of the total energy consumption is over 80% • Electricity is produced by renewable energy sources over the region’s own needs • North Karelia is self-sufficient in heating and the heating power is produced almost entirely by renewable energy sources • The share of renewable energy from the total energy consumption in transport is at least 25% • The production of wood energy is increased by about 2300 GWh and production of energy from other renewable sources by about 600 GWh • Decentralized energy production improves self-sufficiency and creates business opportunities

25. ENERGY SECTOR TARGETS 3/3 KNOW-HOW AND BUSINESS • The turnover of the renewable energy cluster is 500 million euros and the cluster employs 5000 persons (full-time equivalent) • Highly networked, world-class research and education are the basis for new business opportunities • North Karelian companies in the renewable energy sector operate internationally and the significance of related machinery and equipment manufacturing is particularly strong • The forest and other renewable energy cluster draws young people to the industry: the industry offers possibilities and is seen as attractive

26. MEASURES FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR 1/3 ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY ADVICE • Campaigns to promote the signing of energy efficiency agreements are organized • A programme for energy efficient renovation is launched • Energy advice services for consumers, builders and housing cooperatives are organized • The use of surplus heat from industry is enhanced

27. MEASURES FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR 2/3 ENERGY PRODUCTION • Heat and energy are produced in both large centralized energy production plants and dozens of small-scale CHP plants (50 kWe – 2 MWe), and several tens of micro-scale (less than 50 kWe) units • The production of refined wood chip based biofuels is started • A comprehensive and effective bioenergy terminal network is created in North Karelia • Private households in North Karelia generate electricity • Control and guidance for small-scale combustion is offered (emission control and efficiency)

28. MEASURES FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR 3/3 KNOW-HOW AND BUSINESS • Wood energy related research is strengthened and the quality of wood energy is improved • METTI, The Forest Energy Research and Innovation Centre, is made into an internationally recognized expert of the whole forest energy chain • Image campaigns to highlight the possibilities in the renewable energy industry • The Wenet network is developed and “one-stop service packages” are built and sold to international markets

29. TARGETS FOR THE TRANSPORT SECTOR • Light transportation and public transport are a functioning and attractive alternative to private cars • Biogas and other locally produced energy sources for transport are used increasingly • Rail transport in the region is functioning and user friendly • Cargo transport logistics is efficient and transferred to rail and water transport routes where appropriate • Telecommuting and car pools are popular; electronic means of communication are used effectively

30. MEASURES FOR THE TRANSPORT SECTOR 1/3 • Integrated pedestrian and cycle paths are increased and improved, and their maintenance is improved • Bicycle parking spaces are increased and equipment in them and in public transport stops are improved • Transport system planning and land use planning are connected to each other • Cooperation between the authorities of public transport organizing and planning is improved • Tickets are made more attractive and services are actively communicated • Demand responsive transport services are improved and their supply areas are expanded • It is ensured that public support for public transport is targeted for the needs of medium-sized cities and rural areas • The accessibility of shopping centres by functioning public transport and pedestrian and cycle connections is ensured

31. MEASURES FOR THE TRANSPORT SECTOR 2/3 • The introduction of alternative fuels is supported • The distribution network is increased • Biogas from waste treatment plants is utilized as transport fuel • Municipalities and other public entities take alternative transport energy sources to use as soon as possible • Possibilities for using biogas in non-electrified rail transport is investigated • Long-distance service and speed levels are raised in particular in the rail connection between Joensuu and Helsinki • A rail connection is developed on the route of Joensuu, Lieksa, Nurmes, Kontiomäki and Oulu • The possibilities for a rail connection between Joensuu and Kuopio are investigated • The possibilities for rail traffic in Joensuu commuter traffic are investigated

32. MEASURES FOR THE TRANSPORT SECTOR 3/3 • The supply of goods and distribution traffic in the periphery are enhanced • Cooperation in the sector is improved and the possibilities for cooperation between actors is explored • The utilization of year-round waterway transportation for bioenergy, recycled materials and aggregates is increased • The broadband access of sparsely populated areas is improved • The use of telecommuting is supported • Carpooling is supported • Video conferencing technology is utilized in the workplace

33. TARGETS FOR THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND LAND USE PLANNING • The community structure is functioning and economical • Co-operation between municipal officials and municipalities is functioning and frequent • Villages outside the growing urban areas are vital

34. MEASURES FOR THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND LAND USE PLANNING 1/2 • The needs for transport and housing together with energy solutions are combined with strategic local master plans • In new land use plans housing, jobs and services are positioned rationally in relation to each other • New construction builders are directed to a joint thermal network that uses renewable energy sources • Municipalities actively acquire land for construction using all the statutory means available, including the right of pre-emption, construction commencement order and land-policy based redemption • Strategic activities in areas that already have local detailed plans are launched by municipalities to make the areas more cohesive • The supply for local detail planned plots is increased and diversified • Sufficient green spaces and recreational areas are ensured in planned areas • The permission policy of unplanned areas near growing urban areas is standardized and tightened

35. MEASURES FOR THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND LAND USE PLANNING 2/2 • The communication between officials responsible for land use planning and transport system planning is made more frequent • Cooperation between municipalities in land use planning is enhanced • Regional mobility and service needs are taken into account in master planning • Component master plans for villages are initiated and developed • Local village services are strengthened • Water and sewage pipe networks are developed in village centres • The preservation and development of local services is made possible

36. TARGETS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR • Buildings are more energy efficient and the efficiency of use is good • North Karelia is the leading region in wood construction • Renewable energy is used as the principal heating source of buildings • Regional energy advice is active and professional

37. MEASURES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR 1/2 • In construction and renovation, attention is paid to insulation, controlled ventilation, the recovery of heat, the utilization of passive solar energy and ventilation and other ecologically sustainable solutions • Water circulation heating is preferred • New houses are built as energy efficient as possible • Old buildings are utilized as efficiently as possible • The facilities of the public sector are used more efficiently • Training in wood construction is organized for construction professionals, and local builders' interest in wood construction is increased • Building wooden apartment buildings is established as a normal practice in construction • In local detail plans the construction of wooden apartment buildings is made possible

38. MEASURES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR 2/2 • Information is given on alternative heating solutions based on renewable energy sources • The use of renewable energy in house-specific energy solutions is supported • Local building codes are reviewed to remove the barriers for the installation of solar collectors, solar panels and wind turbines • The awareness on the potential uses of passive solar energy is raised • Centralized heating systems that use renewable energy are favoured in new residential areas • An energy advice project aimed at construction and renovation is carried out • A model for construction and energy advice is established in the region

39. TARGETS FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SECTOR • The targets of preventing waste generation, sorting waste and treating biowaste and sludge set in the Eastern Finland waste plan have been realized • The region has a functioning and active waste advice service • Energy from waste in used efficiently

40. MEASURES FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SECTOR 1/2 • The prevention of waste generation and material efficiency are integrated into the procurement instructions of municipalities • The obligation to sort biowaste is extended to the entire region • Biodegradable waste produced in the region is primarily refined into energy and fertilizers, and secondarily composted by real estate owners • Transport biogas is taken into use as soon as possible in waste transport • Ways of treatment and uses for sewage sludge are developed and centralized • The collection of sorted waste is realized in all schools • Waste generation is prevented in procurement • Best practices for preventing office waste generation are taken into use • Waste monitoring is developed within the framework of corporate environmental programmes

41. MEASURES FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SECTOR 2/2 • Up-to-date information on the prevention of waste generation and the increase of material efficiency is developed and produced to consumers and educational institutions • Cooperation with regional and national stakeholders is developed (e.g. the Martha organization, educational institutions and waste management companies) • Waste management is integrated as a part of the teaching programmes of schools and day care centres • Environmental passport education is developed to be a part of adult education • Waste management services are diversified; for example a service for emptying composts is developed • Information is offered to municipalities and companies on how to take waste management issues into account in procurement • The burning of waste unsuitable for recycling alongside other fuels is promoted

42. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TARGETS FOR FORESTRY • Forests as carbon sinks – With good forest management the growth of forests, wood stock and possibilities to utilize wood are enhanced • Forests as a source of energy – The share of renewable energy from total energy production and use is growing rapidly, and export will increase • The detrimental extreme events caused by climate change can be prepared for

43. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION MEASURES FOR FORESTRY • The preservation of forest area is taken care of • The growth of trees is increased by silvicultural measures locally and regionally • Carbon is stored into wood products • Fossil fuels are replaced by wood energy • Biodiversity is maintained – diversity in trees and undergrowth improve the adaptability of forest ecosystems • Forests are maintained in a way that they are in good condition for growth – forests in good condition and with more than one tree species are resistant to different damages • Contingency plans are drafted to prepare for large-scale disasters (for example measures to prevent the spread of destruction and harvesting needed) • Thinning and felling dates are adapted to the improvement of tree growth

44. TARGETS FOR AGRICULTURE • Farms and agricultural transport use less fossil fuel • There is decentralized and self-sufficient energy production on farms • North Karelia is a leading region in local food production and organic farming • Farms produce less waste • The region has qualified agricultural education and advice services

45. MEASURES FOR AGRICULTURE • The logistics of farms is developed by reallotment and cooperation between farms and common ownership of machinery is enhanced • A regional model for energy farms is created • The drawing up of cultivation plans is developed to take climate and environmental issues into consideration • The financing possibilities of energy plans for farms and biogas plants are utilised • The use of renewable energy sources is increased • Local and organic food use is increased and developed • The production and processing of local and organic food is increased and developed by developing the networking, collaboration, logistics and wholesale activities of small businesses • Farm waste recycling and reuse possibilities are enhanced • The collection of agricultural plastics is organized in urban areas • Developing advice services and raising the skills of agricultural advisors

46. ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE • The Finnish people’s concern about the climate change is shared; How to achieve concrete mitigation actions? • Decision-makers have to commit to common goals and create an atmosphere that supports and encouragespositive climate attitudes and actions for the climate • All levels of decision-making should support climate-friendly actions • In the long term the measures are also economically wise and will help to maintain and strengthen the vitality of the region • Upbringing and education play an important role • The climate change gives a new emphasis the on sustainable use of natural resources and the management of the use of the resources • The protection of biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems is an integral part of climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change

47. CHALLENGE FOR NORTH KARELIA • Transport • Almost 40 % of total emissions • Road transport estimated to grow by 20 % by 2030 • Almost all transport is based on oil-based fuels • ⅓ of north karelians live in sparsely populated areas • Are biofuels the answer? • Methane from waste

48. CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROGRAMME: IMPLEMENTATION • Common task for the whole region • Attention to project financing • now about 30 projects and 3-5 million euros/year • New investments and demo buildings/plants needed • Focus on consumers and communication • Monitoring the implementation – statistics • Energy production and consumption • Turnover and employment of the renewable energy industry sector • Greenhouse gas emissions • Monitoring group

49. THE ROLE OF THE REGIONAL COUNCIL • Coordination • Financing • Networking • Support • Follow-up of the implementation

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