1 / 22

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Eukaryotic Cell Structure. Section 7-3 p.179 -187. Group work vs. Cell Parts?. Cellular Boundaries. Plasma membrane Cell wall Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support + protection Composed of cellulose Is not selectively permeable.

presta
Download Presentation

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Eukaryotic Cell Structure Section 7-3 p.179 -187

  2. Group work vs. Cell Parts?

  3. Cellular Boundaries • Plasma membrane • Cell wall • Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support + protection • Composed of cellulose • Is not selectivelypermeable

  4. The Nucleus + Cell Control • The nucleus is the leader of the eukaryotic cell because… • It contains the directions to make proteins • Proteins are needed by every part of the cell • Chromatin • Strands of DNA • When a cell divides, chromatin condenses into chromosomes

  5. The Nucleus + Cell Control • Nucleolus • Organelle within the nucleus that makes ribosomes

  6. The Nucleus + Cell Control • Ribosomes • Sites where the cell produces proteins according to the directions of DNA • Not membrane bound • Made of RNA + proteins • To make proteins, ribosomes leave the nucleus + enter the cytoplasm • Clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell • To get to the cytoplasm, ribosomes + translated RNA must leave the nucleus through pores in the nuclear envelope(membrane)

  7. From Transcription to Translation

  8. Assembly, Transport, + Storage • Endoplasmic Reticulum • Site of cellular chemical reactions • Large surfacearea for work – folds like an accordion to fit in cell

  9. Assembly, Transport, + Storage • Rough ER • Carries out proteinsynthesis • Proteins made can be used in the plasmamembrane, released from the cell, or transported to other organelles • Smooth ER • Noribosomes • Produces + stores lipids

  10. Assembly, Transport, + Storage • Golgi apparatus • Flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins • Sorts proteins into packages called vesicles to be sent to the correct destination

  11. Assembly, Transport, + Storage • Vacuole • Membrane-bound compartments used for temporary storage • Used to store: • Food • Enzymes • Othermaterials • Usually not found in animal cells

  12. Assembly, Transport, + Storage • Lysosomes • Organelles that contain digestive enzymes • Can digest: • Excess or worn out organelles • Foodparticles • Engulfed viruses or bacteria • Examples: • Frog + Human Hand

  13. Frog + the Human Hand…

  14. Energy Transformers • Chloroplasts • Cell organelles that capture light energy + convert it to chemical energy • Has a double membrane • Made of thylakoids arranged in stacks called grana surrounded by a fluid called the stroma

  15. Energy Transformers • Belongs to a group known as plastids, which may store: • Starches • Lipids • Otherpigments • Named according to their pigment • Contain the pigment chlorophyll, which gives plant stems + leaves their green color

  16. Energy Transformers • Mitochondria • Organelle in plant + animal cells that transform energy for the cell • Has a double membrane • Inner membrane is folded for a large surface area for chemical reactions to take place • Energy-storing molecules are produced here • May vary in numbers depending on function of cell • Example: a liver cell = 2000 mitochondria/cell

  17. Organelles for Support + Locomotion • Cytoskeleton • Forms the framework of a cell • Composed of microtubules + microfilaments • Maintains shape of cell, support of organelles, + allows materials to move within the cell

  18. Organelles for Support + Locomotion • Centrioles • Organelles found in the cells of animals + protists • Occur in pairs and are made up of microtubules • Play a role in cell division

  19. Organelles for Support + Locomotion • Cilia • Short, numerous projections (look like hairs) • Motion – oars in a row boat/swimmer doing breaststroke

  20. Organelles for Support + Locomotion • Flagella • Longer projections (looks like a tail) • Motion – whips back + forth

  21. Comparison of Prokaryotic + Eukaryotic Cells

More Related