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Reproduction

Learn about asexual plant reproduction methods such as bulbs, tubers, runners, and more. Discover how farmers use artificial vegetative propagation to grow plants with desired traits quickly. Explore the importance and applications of asexual reproduction in plants.

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Reproduction

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  1. Reproduction

  2. Asexual Reproduction • _____ Parent • No union of gametes • Offspring genetically _______ to parents (“clone”) • Offspring results from _________ cell division • Don’t need to search for mate • No special reproductive cells or organs needed • Used in many protists, simple animals and many plants

  3. Binary Fission • Parent organism divides in half by mitosis • Cytoplasm ____________ • Ex: bacteria, algae, protozoa http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9DNWcqxI4&safe=active

  4. Remember the Phases of Mitosis? • # of chromosomes in parent and daughter cells is the same • Interphase • Prophase • _________ • Anaphase • Telophase

  5. Animal vs. Plant Cell Mitosis

  6. Cancer • Uncontrolled rapid mitotic cell division

  7. Budding • Parent organism ______ ____________________ • Cytoplasm __________ divided • New individuals develop as a small outgrowth or bud in outer surface of organism • Ex: yeast, hydra

  8. Sporulation • Single specialized cells produced by one parent germinate and grow • Ex: • __________, _________

  9. Regeneration • Ability of an organism to re-grow lost body parts • Usually found in __________ that have more undifferentiated cells than vertebrates • Ex: • Planeria cut in half, starfish, earthworm, lizard can escape from predator by losing its tail when caught

  10. Asexual Plant Reproduction • Most plants reproduce sexually using seeds • Many also reproduce asexually by means of roots, stems and leaves • This is called _________________________ • Creates new plants genetically _______ to parent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drcnTg7ZCoc&safe=active

  11. Bulbs • Enlarged underground stems • Small new bulbs will sprout along side of main bulb and ____________ • Ex: daffodils, tulips, onions, garlic

  12. Tubers • Enlarged part of underground stems • Have “___” which are tiny buds • Ex: potatoes • If potato is cutup, each new piece containing an eye can develop into a new plant

  13. Runners • Stems that grow sideways _____ the ground • Where it touches ground, roots grow, creating a new plant • Ex: strawberry

  14. Rhizomes • Stem grows sideways _____________ • Enlarged areas called _______ produce buds that grow upwards to form new plants • Ex: bamboo, ginger

  15. Artificial Vegetative Propagation • Allow farmers to grow plants with desired traits exactly like parent and faster than from seeds • Helpful is quickly propagating plants with a __________________ • Ex: Can produce different varieties of apples from the same tree • Plants bearing ____________ can only be propagated this way • Ex: seedless oranges and watermelons

  16. Cuttings: • _____, _____ or ____ used to produce new individual • Ex: African violets

  17. Layering: • stem bent over _____________ and develop roots

  18. Grafting: • remove stem or bud from one plant and ___ ___________________ ________ • “Scion” as attached to “stock” plant but keeps it’s own genetic characteristics

  19. Vegetative Propagation: Asexual Plant Reproduction • http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/asexual-plant-reproduction-vegetative-propagation-and-bulbs.html • Asexual Reproduction Song • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7I0mw4ZDJA&safe=active

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