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Europe in Shambles: Aftermath of World War II

Explore the devastating consequences of World War II on Europe, from the destruction caused by the war to the decisions made at the Yalta Conference, war crimes trials, and the division of Germany. Learn about the casualties of war and the formation of the United Nations. Discover how the occupying forces in Japan and the Potsdam Conference shaped the future of Europe and the world.

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Europe in Shambles: Aftermath of World War II

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  1. Unit 6, Section 5 Aftermath of War

  2. Europe in Shambles • Europe is destroyed by war • Prior to end of war, Allies begin discussing what post-war Europe will look like • Yalta Conference – February, 1945. Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt meet. • Temporary division of Germany • Soviets will join war against Japan • Stalin promises free elections in Eastern Europe

  3. Decisions

  4. Casualties of War

  5. Casualties of War • World War 2 resulted in approximately 65-85 million deaths worldwide • Soviet Union ~25 million • China ~15 million • United States – 420,000 • United Nations created in April, 1945 in hopes of avoiding future conflicts

  6. End of War • April 12th, 1945, FDR dies in office – Harry Truman becomes President • May 8th, 1945 – Victory in Europe (VE Day) • September 2nd, 1945, Victory over Japan Day (VJ Day) • Celebration!

  7. War Crimes Trials • Trial of Nazi War Criminals held at Nuremberg, Germany - high level Nazi officials • 12 of 24 defendants sentenced to death • Nazi fugitives are being pursued to this day • trial summary

  8. Occupying Japan • General Douglas MacArthur in charge of post-war Japan • Creates Constitution and democratic reforms • Focus on economic development eventually makes Japan an industrial power • Hideki Tojo is executed December 23rd, 1948 • Emperor Hirohito is exonerated

  9. Potsdam Conference • July, 1945 • Truman is tested as Stalin denies free elections in Poland – breaks Yalta promise • Germany is divided into East and West; capital of Berlin is also divided • US occupies West, Soviets occupy East • Tension is already building • Question for US – how to keep Europe out of communist hands?

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