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Discover Australia: Geography, History, and Landmarks

Explore Australia's geography, history, and iconic landmarks, including its diverse climate, Aboriginal heritage, and famous destinations like Sydney Opera House and the Great Barrier Reef.

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Discover Australia: Geography, History, and Landmarks

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  1. AUSTRALIA CLIL Class: 3 media Subject: Geography Year: 2018-2019

  2. Welcome to Australia

  3. Australia in the world

  4. Australia is an island located in the Southern Hemisphere • It’s the world’s smallest continent but the sixth largest country in the world. It’s about the same size as the USA • However, it has the lowest population density in the world (only 2.6 people per square kilometer)

  5. THE WEATHER

  6. THE WEATHER • The climate can vary due to the size of the continent • The Northern States typically experience warm weather much of the time, with the Southern States experiencing cooler winters. • Australia is also one of the driest continents on earth with an average annual rainfall of less than 600 millimeters. • The North as tropical weather, with wet (November to April) and dry (May to October) seasons. Storms, floods and some cyclones are common in wet season

  7. Some facts • OFFICIAL NAME : Commonwealth of Australia • CAPITAL: Canberra • TOTAL AREA: 7,700,000 sq.km • POPULATION: 24 million people (Italy 60 million) • HEAD OF STATE: Queen Elizabeth II represented by Governor-General • FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional monarchy • LONGEST RIVER: the Darling (2,740 km) • HIGHEST POINT: Mount Kosciusko (2,230 m) • NATURAL RESOURCES: coal, zink, nickel, gold, wool • NATIONAL HOLIDAY: Australian Day, 16 Jan (1788) • COIN: Australian dollar • NATIONAL SYMBOLS: Kangaroo and Emu • NATIONAL ANTHEM: “Waltzing Matilda”

  8. HISTORY • Captain James Cook discovered Australia in 1770. He was sent to discover the huge land that many people believed was South of the equator • He landed south of present day Sydney, in New South Wales • He claimed this part of the land for the King of England • In 1851 gold was discovered about 300 km west of Sydney • People rushed to the gold fields to find their fortunes • The 1850s gold rush attracted many Chinese and European migrants to Australia in search of a fortune

  9. Aborigines The Aborigines are the Australian natives that had been living there for thousands of years before the first Europeans came to Australia in the XVIII century

  10. The flag of Australia with the Union Jack on top (the national flag of the UK) represents the historical link with Britain • The large seven-pointed star represents the seven States • The small stars form the Southern Cross – a prominent feature of the Southern Hemisphere night sky • Australia’s coat of arms is the official emblem of the Australian Government and its monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II • It was granted by George V in 1912 • The arms consist of a shield containing the badges of the States • The supporters are native Australian fauna – a kangaroo and an emu. A yellow-flowered native plant, also appears in the design

  11. Canberra is in New South Wales. It is the capital of Australia. It is a very young city. Population is about 310,000 people Canberra Capitol Hill Canberra Fountain

  12. Sydney Capital of New South Wales. Leading industrial city. Population: 3,200,000 people Sydney AMP Tower St. Maria Cathedral The Harbour Bridge Sydney Opera House

  13. Capital of Victoria. The world’s most livable city. Population: 3.200.000 Old House Melbourne Melbourne Bridge Flinders TrainStation

  14. Capital of South Australia. A pretty and industrial city. Population: 1,100,000 people Gold Beach Adelaide Victoria Square Fountain Adelaide

  15. Capital of Western Australia. One of the best climates in Australia. Population: 1.200.000 people Perth Skyscrapers Perth King’s Park

  16. Capital of Northern Territory. Population: 136.245 people Perth Skyscrapers Darwin

  17. Capital of Queensland. It is a year-round vocation place. Population is about 1,400,000 people Brisbane Brisbane Skyscrapers Brisbane Bridge Brisbane

  18. Bay of Fires Hobart Capital of island-state Tasmania. Winters are very cold. Population of about 200,000 Lavender Farm Remarkable Cave Coles Bay

  19. National Parks Warrumbungle NP, NSW Crowdy Bay NP, NSW Cockatoo NP, NSW Crowdy Bay NP

  20. Great Barrier Reef It’s the world’s largest coral reef (over 2000 km). It stretches along the east coast of Queensland. It’s made up of over 2900 individual reefs very close to each other

  21. Australians really love the environment. They try to protect their nature and their animals

  22. The Australian outback (the desert) Ayers RockUluru (aboriginal name)

  23. The first Australians • The First people in Australia were Aborigines • They arrived there about 12,000 years before from southern Asia • They had very rich forms of art, painting, song, poetry and mythology. The lives of aborigines stayed almost the same for thousands of years until the Europeans came to live in Australia in the XVIII century

  24. Captain Cook • In 1770 J. Cook landed in eastern Australia and declared that it belonged to Britain. • In 1778-1868 Australia was used as a penal colony: convicts were transported to the various Australian penal colonies by the British government (overcrowded UK prisons) • After War World II many people arrived from Britain and Europe attracted by gold and the new land. Life was difficult. There was very little water and the climate was very hard.

  25. Results of European colonisation • The Europeans suffered a lot in Australia but the Aborigines suffered even more. • Europeans stole their land and killed thousand of Aborigines. They also brought new diseases with them. • 1910-1970: the stolen generation the children of Australian Aboriginal were removed from their families by the Australian federal government and the church missions, motivated by the supposed superiority of European civilization and child protection • Today aborigines continue to live in Australia but there culture is under threat. In 1770, there were about 300,000 Aborigines. • Now, there are 120,000. It is becoming harder and harder for them to continue their traditional way to live.

  26. TODAY • Today Australia is a modern, industrial country, independent from Britain since 1931. • It is the world’s biggest producer of wool, bauxite and important producer of wheat, meat, sugar and fruit. • Tourism is very important • It’s a rich nation and it had been invested by a new contemporary wave of immigration

  27. The End

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