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Work Ethic

If Na burns when it touches water, and Cl gas is toxic and can kill you…how come we can eat NaCl (salt)?. Work Ethic. What work ethic mark would you get right now? Is that the mark you want? Hand in your sheet when you are done. Pick up your Famous Chemist’s or work on them. Electrons.

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Work Ethic

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  1. If Na burns when it touches water, and Cl gas is toxic and can kill you…how come we can eat NaCl (salt)?

  2. Work Ethic • What work ethic mark would you get right now? • Is that the mark you want? • Hand in your sheet when you are done. • Pick up your Famous Chemist’s or work on them.

  3. Electrons Atoms are happiest when they have a full outer shell, but where do they get extra electrons from? And where do the electrons they lose go?

  4. Bonds, Just Bonds

  5. Learning Objectives I will be able to explain how compounds and molecules form I will be able to compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds I will be able to describe polyatomic ions

  6. What is a bond? Chemical bond: a link between two or more atoms that holds the atoms together. Compound: a pure substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together.

  7. Types of chemical bonds Covalent bonds: atoms share electrons. Ionic bonds: one atom takes an electron from another atom. This creates a +ve and –ve ion which are attracted to each other.

  8. Ionic bonds • The “stealing” bond. • Atoms find other atoms with electrons they need. • Electrons are transferred. • Both atoms become ions.

  9. Remember.. • Na has 1 valence electron, it wants to lose 1 to get a full shell • F has 7 valence electrons, it wants to gain 1 to get a full shell • F takes Na’s electron and we get F- and Na+

  10. Test Yourself! • Draw a picture of Li and Cl bonding, use arrows to show electrons moving and include ion charges • If that is easy try Mg and O • Then find two on your own to bond!

  11. What do we call +ve and –ve ions?

  12. Ions Cation: a positive ion. E.g. Li+ Anion: a negative ion. E.g. Cl-

  13. Ionic compounds • Because one ion is negative and one ion is positive… • They are attracted to each other and form an ionic lattice. • Ionic compounds form ionic lattices.

  14. Ionic compounds • Which elements form positive ions? • Find 5 elements with positive ion charges. • Which elements form negative ions? • Find 5 elements with negative ion charges. • What do the elements have in common?

  15. Metal and Non-metals • Can a metal and a non-metal form an ionic bond? • Can two metals form an ionic bond? • Can two non-metals form an ionic bond?

  16. Metals and Non-metals Ionic bonds can only form between a metal (positive) and a non-metal (negative).

  17. But what do two non-metals do if there are no metals around?

  18. Covalent bonds • The “sharing” bond. • Atoms find other atoms that have electrons they need. • Covalent bonds form between non-metals. • They share the electron and form a molecule.

  19. Compounds vs. Molecules

  20. Remember… Hhas 1 valence electron in shell 1, it needs 2 electrons to have a full shell. O has 6 valence electrons, it needs 8 electrons to have a full shell. H and O can share electrons so they both have a full shell!

  21. Covalent bonds H – has 1 valence electron O- has 6 valence electrons How many Hs and Os do we need to get 8 electrons?

  22. H2O

  23. Chemical formulas H2O = 2 Hs and 1 O

  24. Polyatomic Ions What does poly mean?

  25. Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ion: a molecular ion. A covalent molecule with a charge. Sometimes when compounds form electrons get lost or gained. Go to page 80! Write down 3 examples of polyatomic ions and where they are found.

  26. Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M9khs87xQ8

  27. Candy Lab! You need: • A group of 4 • A bag of gummies • Toothpicks (about 10) • A worksheet and key for everyone in the group Do not eat the candy until you are finished!

  28. Candy Key

  29. Create a table

  30. When you are done your Lab: Check Your Understanding: Page 83, # 2-7, 9-12 For homework!

  31. Spelling and Grammar? How can we check our spelling? How can we check our grammar?

  32. Sources • Good sources: University website, Government website… • Bad sources: Wikipedia, Yahoo answers, blogs…

  33. Chembook! • Only 2 people per element maximum! • Sign up for an element!

  34. Me Time! • Think of up to 3 questions you have about your interest area that you can’t just google an answer for. • Start trying to collect information that relates to your questions

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