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History

History. Generation 0 Charles Babbage (1792-1871) Analytical Engine purely mechanical Ada Lovelace – first programmer. Generation 1 tubes WW II ’45-’55 Aiken – Harvard von Neumann – Princeton Zuse – Germany Eckert & Mauchley – U Penn. Generation 2 transistor ’55-’65

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History

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  1. History • Generation 0 • Charles Babbage (1792-1871) • Analytical Engine • purely mechanical • Ada Lovelace – first programmer

  2. Generation 1 • tubes • WW II • ’45-’55 • Aiken – Harvard • von Neumann – Princeton • Zuse – Germany • Eckert & Mauchley – U Penn

  3. Generation 2 • transistor • ’55-’65 • mainframes, punched cards, operators • batch systems • cards  1401  tape  7094  tape  1401  printer

  4. Generation 3 • ICs • ’65 – ’80 • System/360 “family” of systems • Multiprogramming – multiple programs in memory at the same time sharing the CPU • SPOOL – simultaneous peripheral operation online • Timesharing – variant of multiprogramming for terminal and batch jobs

  5. Gen 3 cont’d • MULTICS • Computer utility idea (kind of like internet servers) • More ambitious than hardware could support • MULTICS + PDP7 + Ken Thompson = Unix • Unix variants: • System V • BSD • IEEE POSIX • Now Linux from Linus Torvalds

  6. Gen 4 – 1980 to present • VLSI • 8080 CP/M also Z80 • Apple I and II • 8088 + MS-DOS (from Seattle Comp. Prod.) • Apple Lisa (Xerox Star) • Apple Mac • Windows 3.1, 95, 98, NT (designed by David Cutler from DEC VAX/VMS), 2000, XP • XWindows on Unix and Linux

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