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BAQ 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 14 December 2006

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR IN ASIA Jamie Leather Regional and Sustainable Development Department Asian Development Bank. BAQ 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 14 December 2006. Global Warming is a Reality. Sample text here Sample text here Sample text here

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BAQ 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 14 December 2006

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  1. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR IN ASIAJamie LeatherRegional and Sustainable Development DepartmentAsian Development Bank BAQ 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 14 December 2006

  2. Global Warming is a Reality • Sample text here • Sample text here • Sample text here • Sample text here • Sample text here CO2 levels have never been higher during at least the last 420,000 years

  3. Transport’s Contribution to Climate Change Transport is the fastest growing energy use sector Transport is responsible for 60% of the increase in total world-wide GHG emissions 2002-2025

  4. Number of Vehicles by Region Former USSR 　7 →39 OECD Europe 93 →250 Japan 　24 →74 USA 　126 →225 China 　0.7→21 Mid. East 　1.9 →19 Africa 　4.8 →20 ASEAN 7 　2.3 →21 Africa 2% Mid. East 2% Oceania 2% India 　1.1 →12 S. America 　 21 →45 Oceania 　 7 →15 Asia 19% Motor vehicles owned in 1973 Motor vehicles owned in 2002 （Unit：1 mil. cars） Asia 10% Europe 37% Source: Based on EDMC Europe 34% N. America 32% N. America 44% S. America 6% S. America 7% 306 mil. in 1973 816 mil. in 2002 1-5

  5. Asian Context • Half of the planet lives in Asia • Additional 750 million by 2030 • 4 billion in 2030 (50% of world total) • Increasing Urbanization (2000–2025) • China 81% growth of urban population • India 87% growth of urban population • Increasing Motorization (2005–2035) • China 4.6 fold increase • India 7.6 fold increase

  6. Increasing Transport Energy Use China: 6 - 9% per year India: 5 - 8 % per year 6% per year for 20 years is over 300% !! • Emerging Asia will demand 45% of the total world increase in fuel use

  7. Transport Mitigation:Options • Effective and efficient integration of land use and transport planning • Reduce fuel consumption, improve energy efficiency • traffic management • mode share • Vehicle, engine technology and fuel sources

  8. Transport and Land Use Integration • Understand the direct relationship between land use and the need to travel: • Improve the access to goods and service while minimizing the need to travel • Village concept of high density urban planning within mega cities • Linking these ‘villages’ with efficient public transport • Livable and sustainable community based green cities

  9. Urban Private TransportVision • Market instruments that charge the cost of externalities to the use of private motorized transportation - Congestion, pollution, climate change and use of public infrastructure • Promote increased mobility together with a reduced demand for personal transport usage - reduce km/yr

  10. Motorization, which road to take?

  11. Urban Mass-Transport and NMTVision • Public transport systems that provide door-to-door solutions • Safe, secure, rapid and user-friendly high quality public mass-transport • Pedestrian zones and walkways • Segregated cycle paths • Park-and-ride car and bike parks

  12. Freight, Long Distance TransportVision • Economic growth that extends the supplier and distribution chains • Efficient larger capacity, long-distance carriers • Modal shift to less-GHG-intensive transport modes (e.g.: railways) • Well-defined trucking routes with spatial and temporal truck restrictions in other zones • Fast traveler-friendly mass-transport access to well-located terminals and airports

  13. Energy Efficiency 104 (Unit: kcal/pass.-km) 83 193 Passenger 665 395 113 (Unit: kcal/t-km) 665 2646 Freight 129 5271 Source: MILT and Central Japan Railway Company 2-16

  14. Vehicle, Engine Technology and Fuel Sources • Vehicle energy efficiency and emissions “world-wide” standards - Zero implementation lag - Increased Asian leadership for 2-wheelers - Promote fleet renovation • Correctly implemented and rigorously enforced vehicle inspection programs • Achieve a substantial portion of on-road transport to clean and CO2 efficient biofuels

  15. Co-benefits of Climate Change Mitigation • To promote the adoption of policies to reduce GHGs it is important to emphasize the co-benefits of such measures in terms of: • Air Quality and Health • Traffic and Congestion • Quality of Life • Economic Development • Transport Efficiency

  16. Thank you. jleather@adb.org

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