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Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis. Bone Basics. Bones are complex, living tissues that: Provide structural support for muscles, Protect vital organs Store the calcium essential for bone density and strength Bones are built and stored until the age of 30.

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Osteoporosis

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  1. Osteoporosis

  2. Bone Basics • Bones are complex, living tissues that: • Provide structural support for muscles, • Protect vital organs • Store the calcium essential for bone density and strength • Bones are built and stored until the age of 30. • During the aging process, bones break down faster than new ones are formed.

  3. Osteoporosis: What is it? • Disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to break. • Broken bones, or fractures, typically occur in hip, spine, and wrist.

  4. Osteoporosis Facts • 10 million Americans have osteoporosis; 34 million at risk.1 • 8 million are women; 2 million are men. 1 • Significant risk for all ethnic backgrounds. 1 • Can strike at any age. 1 • Responsible for more than 1.5 million fractures annually. 1 1. “Osteoporosis Fast Facts.” National Osteoporosis Foundation. February 17, 2005. http://www.nof.org.

  5. Symptoms • “Silent disease” • Collapsed vertebrae may be initially seen or felt in the form of: • Severe back pain • Loss of height • Spinal deformities such as kyphosis or stooped posture

  6. Risk Factors • Personal history of fracture after age 50 • Current low bone mass • Female • Thin and/or having a small frame (under 127 lbs.) • Advanced age • Estrogen deficiency as a result of menopause, especially early or surgically induced • Abnormal absence of menstrual periods • Anorexia nervosa

  7. Risk Factors (cont.) • Low lifetime calcium intake • Vitamin D deficiency • Use of certain medications • Presence of certain chronic medical conditions • Low testosterone levels in men • Inactive lifestyle • Current cigarette smoking • Excessive use of alcohol

  8. Detection • Bone density tests can: • Detect osteoporosis before a fracture occurs • Predict future chances of fractures • Determine your rate of bone loss and/or monitor the effects of treatment • Bone density is compared to two standards: • Age matched • Young normal

  9. Prevention • Steps to optimize bone health and prevent osteoporosis: • Keep a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D • Exercise regularly (weight-bearing) • Maintain a healthy lifestyle (no smoking or excessive alcohol intake) • Bone density testing and medication when appropriate

  10. Recommended Calcium Intakes1 1. Source: National Academy of Sciences (NAS).

  11. Ways to Increase Calcium Intake • Diet of calcium-rich food: • Low-fat milk • Cheese • Broccoli • Yogurt • Calcium-added foods (breakfast bars, orange juice, cereals) • Add nonfat powdered dry milk to puddings, breads, soups, etc. • Supplements • Available in pills, capsules, chewable tablets, chewable candies, powders and tablets.

  12. Suggestions for Choosing Supplements • Determine your daily calcium intake from food. • Decide which form of calcium will be the easiest for you to take. • Calcium absorbs better in small doses and with food. • Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption.

  13. Medications • No cure for osteoporosis • Following medications approved to prevent/or treat osteoporosis: • Bisphosphonates • Calcitonin • Estrogen/Hormone Therapy • Parathyroid Hormone • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

  14. Fall Prevention • Especially important for osteoporosis sufferers. • Falls can be caused by: • Medications such as sedatives, muscles relaxants and blood pressure drugs. • Combinations of two or more drugs. • Diminished vision, hearing, muscle strength, coordination and reflexes.

  15. Safety Checklist • Floors: • Remove all loose wires, cords, and throw rugs. • Keep furniture in its accustomed place. • Bathrooms: • Install grab bars and non-skid tape. • Lighting: • Make sure halls, stairways and entrances are well-lit. • Install night lights

  16. Safety Checklist cont. • Kitchen: • Install non-skid mats near sink and stove. • Clean spills immediately. • Stairs: • Make sure treads, rails and rugs are secure. • Other precautions: • Wear sturdy, rubber-soled shoes. • Limit alcohol intake. • Ask doctor if medications might cause falls.

  17. Questions? Thank You!

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