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POLYMERS

POLYMERS. POLYMERS INTRODUCTION & CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS ADDITION & CONDENSATION – POLYMERIZATION. What are polymers, monomers and polymerizations?. Polymers are macromolecules built up by the linking together of large numbers of much smaller molecules.

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POLYMERS

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  1. POLYMERS POLYMERS INTRODUCTION & CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS ADDITION & CONDENSATION – POLYMERIZATION Introduction to Polymers

  2. What are polymers, monomers and polymerizations? Polymers are macromolecules built up by the linking together of large numbers of much smaller molecules. Polymerization : The process of linking the repeating units (monomers) is termed as polymerization Introduction to Polymers

  3. What are polymers, monomers and polymerizations? Thesmall molecules which combine with each other to form polymer molecules are termed monomers. Introduction to Polymers

  4. Introduction to Polymers

  5. Ethylene Polyethylene Building Polyethylene Introduction to Polymers

  6. Type of Polymerization • Monomers undergo polymerizaton by two types. They are: • Addition • Or • Condensation Introduction to Polymers

  7. The addition-condensation system Addition polymers are those formed from monomers without the loss of a small molecule. What are addition polymers? Y Y Introduction to Polymers

  8. Polymer StructureThe addition-condensation system Condensation polymers Polymers whose repeating units are joined together by functional units such as an ester (-OCO-), amide (-NHCO-), urethane (-OCONH-), sulfide (-SO2-) and other linkages. -R-Z-R-Z-R-Z-R-Z-R-Z- R is aliphatic or aromatic grouping and Z is functional unit. Introduction to Polymers

  9. Polymer StructureThe addition-condensation system The major addition polymers are those formed by polymerization of monomers containing carbon-carbon double bond; such monomers are called vinyl monomers or substituted ethylenes. Introduction to Polymers

  10. Addition polmerization • Self addition of several bifunctional monomers to each ohter takes place by chain reaction without the elimination of any simple molecules. • GENERAL REACTION: n [CH2=CH]  [-CH2-CH-]n | | Y Y Where Y=H,Ethylene, CH3,Propylene, Cl, Vinyl Chloride, C6H5, Sterene, CN , Acrylonitrile Introduction to Polymers

  11. Condensation polymerization(Including Polyesters) • Self addition of several bifunctional monomer to each other takes place accompanying elimination of simple molecues like H2O,NH3 & HCL • General reaction : n[HOOC-X-COOH] + n[HO-Y-OH] HO-[….OC-X-COO-Y-O]n-H + (2n-1)H20 Introduction to Polymers

  12. E.g.. • Terylene is obtained by condensing terpthalic acid [HOOC-C6H4-COOH]with ethylene glycol [HO-C2H4-OH] • Nylon is made by the condensation of adipic acid [HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH] with hexamethylenediamine[NH2-(CH2)6-NH2] Introduction to Polymers

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