Digital Divide and Computer Literacy

1. Digital Divide and Computer Literacy

2. What is Digital Divide ? It means the gap between those who can access the new technologies (Internet, personal computers, smartphones, etc.) and who can not. The term "digital divide" was first used by the US administration, "Clinton - Gore" to indicate the inhomogeneous use of telematic services between the US population

3. If not adequately addressed, the digital divide could: • increase existing social and economic inequalities; • have dramatic effects also in access to Society Information by citizens; • creating a vicious cycle that leads to further impoverish poor countries, as they will be excluded from new forms of production of wealth that are based on the intangible asset of computing.

4. NO broadband connections Computer illiteracy The causes... • The Digital Divide is attributable to a combination of causes, among them: • the lack of broadband infrastructure; • illiteracy of users , about the computer in general and the potential of the Internet.

5. The situation in Europe… Source EUROSTAT - 2011 http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

7. Regular use of the Internet % of persons who accessed the internet on average at least once a week

8. In Italy, the percentage of households still to be reached with the technological services still remains above 50%. • Families who do not have access to broadband, are located in non-urban areas, mountainous or hilly, and in small centers. • There is a divide for orographic causes and so it is not just lack of interest or disinformation.

9. Computer illiteracy • Digital illiteracy • the problem is not only by the absence of infrastructure: • the majority of the population is not able to use a computer • It remains off from the information transmitted via the Internet

10. Very far from the objectives Far Near Almost achieved Statistics in 4 macro-areas: Broadband e-Commerce Digital inclusion e-Government. Ranking of countries with respect to the objectives of the European Digital Agenda Farthest 1° Romania 2° Italy 3° Greek 4° Cyprus 5° Bulgaria

11. The situation of the Digital Agenda in Italy Source information: Italian National Statistical Institute31-12-2011

12. Ranking of Italian Regions First: Trentino Alto-Adige Last: Calabria (our Region)

13. Italian Statistics

14. Italian Statistics

15. The costs of computer illiteracy in Public Administration curious information Research by the Bocconi University (Milan - Italy) - 2011

16. On average, those who work in the local public administration uses the computer for 69% of their working time, but there is also a loss of working time of 47 minutes per week, because of the problems in the use of the computer tool. This transforms into an annual cost, per employee, amounting to € 1,000 Euros. 30-40% of this loss of time, should be attributed to poor computer knowledge, while the remaining time is derived from technical problems in ICT systems. Comparing this with the average cost of an public employee, the loss of time for lack of computer literacy it's a cost (the non-productive time) of € 346 per year for each employee. Overall for the Italian Public Administration, the cost is for each year, more than 205 million Euros. Costs of computer illiteracy in Public Administration

17. EUROPE FOR CITIZENS 2014 / 2020 2.2 Network of Towns Thank you for your attention.. DICSE – “Digital Cities for a Smart Europe” info@innovamentis.it