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Journal Topic for Wednesday, September 10 th :

Journal Topic for Wednesday, September 10 th :. How are you at taking notes? Is it easy for you to figure out what to write down? Why or why not?. Literary History of America. 1588-present. Overview. Puritan/Colonial (1588-1750) Revolutionary/Age of Reason (1750-1800)

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Journal Topic for Wednesday, September 10 th :

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  1. Journal Topic for Wednesday, September 10th: How are you at taking notes? Is it easy for you to figure out what to write down? Why or why not?

  2. Literary History of America 1588-present

  3. Overview • Puritan/Colonial (1588-1750) • Revolutionary/Age of Reason (1750-1800) • Romanticism (1800-1860) • American Renaissance/ Transcendentalism/Anti-Transcendentalism (1840-1860) • Realism/Naturalism (1855-1900) • Modernism (1900-1946) • Post-Modernism (1946-Present) • Contemporary (1970s-Present)

  4. You will need to know: • What & when (in the title on each slide) • Genre & Style (What was written & how it was written) • Effects & Aspects (Why it was written in the first place) • Historical Context (What was happening in the world at the time) • Who some of the major players are (names & pictures at the end of each section)

  5. Puritan/Colonial Period (1588-1750) • Genre/Style: Sermons, religious tracts, diaries, personal narratives, religious poems. It was written in plain style. • Effect/Aspects: Instructive, reinforces authority of the Bible and the church. Very little imaginative literature was produced. • Historical Context: Puritan settlers fled England where they were being persecuted for their religious beliefs, and came to New England to have religious freedom.

  6. Puritan/Colonial Period (1588-1750) • Thomas Hariot • wrote A Brief and True Report of the New-Found Land of Virginia in 1588 • quickly translated into Latin, French, and German; it was a window for the Old World to see an embellished version of the New World • Anne Bradstreet • first book of American poetry • first published American woman • born & educated in England

  7. Puritan/Colonial Period (1588-1750) • William Bradford • governor of Plymouth • essentially the first historian of the new colonies • wrote Of Plymouth Plantation in 1651. • Cotton Mather • Comes from a long line of Puritan ministers • Harvard educated • major participant in the Salem Witch Trials

  8. Revolutionary Period/Age of Reason (1750-1800) • Genre/Style: Political Pamphlets, Travel Writing, and highly ornate persuasive writing. • Effect/Aspects: Patriotism and pride grows, creates unity about issues, and creates American character. • Historical Context: Encouraged Revolutionary War support.

  9. Revolutionary Period/Age of Reason (1750-1800) • Benjamin Franklin • scientist, writer, diplomat, Founding Father • Explored all new avenues of thought • Thomas Paine • great American propagandist • Common Sense; presented argument for American freedom • The American Crisis; helped propel colonies into war

  10. Romanticism (1800-1860) • Genre/Style: Character Sketches, Slave Narratives, Poetry, and short stories. • Effect/Aspects: Integrity of nature and freedom of imagination. • Historical Context: Publishing expands and industrial revolution brings new ideas.

  11. Romanticism (1800-1860) • Washington Irving • known as “Father of American Literature” • first famous American author • Advocated for stronger laws protecting authors’ works • Edgar Allan Poe • Bad childhood made him despise the world • Darkly metaphysical vision • Refined the short story • Created detective fiction • Challenged notion that poem had to be long & teach something

  12. American Renaissance/ Transcendentalism/Anti-Transcendentalism (1840-1860) • Genre/Style: Poetry, Short Stories, and Novels. • Effect/Aspects: Idealists, individualism, and symbolism. • Historical Context: People still see stories of persecuted young girls forced apart from her true love.

  13. American Renaissance/ Transcendentalism/Anti-Transcendentalism (1840-1860) • Ralph Waldo Emerson • Leader of the Transcendentalist movement • Emphasized individuality, freedom, and relationship of the soul to the world • Henry David Thoreau • contemporary of Emerson • wrote Civil Disobedience, argument for individual resistance to civil government in moral opposition to an unjust state.

  14. American Renaissance/ Transcendentalism/Anti-Transcendentalism (1840-1860) • Nathaniel Hawthorne • most stories written about New England • Focus on inherent evil and sin in man • Usually have a deep moral message • writes in direct opposition to Transcendentalists

  15. Realism (1855-1900) • Genre/Style: Novels, Short Stories, Objective Narrator, and does not tell reader how to interpret the story. • Effect/Aspects: Social and Aesthetic realism. • Historical Context: Civil War brought demand for a more true type of literature.

  16. Realism (1855-1900) • Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) • writes in strong, realistic everyday speech • first major author to come from center of the nation

  17. Naturalism (1865-1915) • Genre/Style: Poetry, Short Stories, and Novels • Effect/Aspects: people are victims of the laws of nature, the universe, and fate • Historical Context: tied very closely to Realism; people were looking at harshness of post-Civil War country

  18. Naturalism (1865-1915) • Jack London • poor working class writer • Gritty, vivid stories of life and death struggles • Stephen Crane • known for attacking patriotism, organized religion, and individualism • also confronted the meaninglessness of the world

  19. Modernism (1900-1946) • Genre/Style: Novels, Plays, Poetry, experiments in writing styles, interior monologue, and stream of consciousness. • Effect/Aspects: Pursuit of American Dream, Admiration for America, Optimism, and Individual Importance. • Historical Context: Writers reflected the ideas of Darwin and Karl Marx, during WWI and WWII.

  20. Modernism (1900-1946) • Ernest Hemingway • used concise, spare, direct, objective writing to create bigger-than-life heroes • won Pulitzer and Nobel Peace Prize for Literature • John Steinbeck • wrote about both pains and joys of life • most writing took place during the Great Depression • famous for The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men

  21. Post-Modernism (1946-present) • Genre/Style: Mixing of fantasy with nonfiction blurred lines of reality for reader, there were no heroes, humorless, narratives, present tense, and magic realism. • Effect/Aspects: Grinds down the distinctions between the classes of people. • Historical Context: After WWII prosperity.

  22. Post-Modernism (1946-present) • Robert Creely • Black Mountain Poet • writes with a very minimalist style • James Dickey • novelist, essayist, poet • Most writing is about nature

  23. Contemporary • Argument over dates – 1950 or 1970-present • Genre/Style: Narrative, fiction, nonfiction, anti heroes, emotional, irony, storytelling, autobiographical, and essays. • Effect/Aspects: Shift in emphasis from homogeneity to celebrating diversity. • Historical Context: New century, new millennium.

  24. Contemporary (1950-present) Stephen King • famous for books that scare people • lives in Maine • was rejected by publishers 30 times before 1st book published(Carrie, 1974)

  25. Contemporary (1950-present) James Oliver Rigney (a.k.a. Robert Jordan) • went to Citadel Military College in South Carolina • wrote in fantasy genre • died before finishing 15-book Wheel of Time series

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