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Modelica/Dymola a multidomain modelling and simulation environment for fuel cells?

System Design. Modelica/Dymola a multidomain modelling and simulation environment for fuel cells?. Challenge. easy to use models for several purposes (concept studies, design, optimisation, control design, HIL-Simulation, customer consulting, life cycle cost analysis, ..)

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Modelica/Dymola a multidomain modelling and simulation environment for fuel cells?

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  1. SystemDesign Modelica/Dymola a multidomain modelling and simulation environment for fuel cells?

  2. Challenge • easy to use models for several purposes (concept studies, design, optimisation, control design, HIL-Simulation, customer consulting, life cycle cost analysis, ..) • various time scales and granularity of modules • scales of dynamic behaviour (balance between details and speed) • hybrid process (continuous and discreet) • reuse and exchange of existing models • model sharing

  3. Benefits • better understanding of behaviour and processes (complete analysis capabilities) • faster design and evaluation of new concepts • evaluation of critical states and limits • multi-domain system integration • multi-level simulation (same component – different views) • model exchange and modelling network

  4. Multidomain Modelling Multidomain-Model Specialised Tools + Interfaces Modelling by Uniform Language Equations Blocks System Dynamics Multiports Excel Matlab ACSL Simulink STELLA BerkeleyMadonna Powersim Vensim Modelica VHDL-AMS

  5. System Dynamics vs. Signal Flow Modelling Example • mass of the incoming freight car: 60 t • mass of the resting freight car: 30 t • velocity: 3 m/s • four buffers with spring and friction (105 mm, 30 kN, 600 kN, 200 kN) • brakes not applied

  6. System Dynamics

  7. Signal Flow (Simulink)

  8. Physics of Dynamical Systems area quantity potential gravitation mass gravitational hydraulics volume pressure mechanics translational momentum velocity rotational angular moment. angular velocity thermodynamics entropy temperature electricity charge electrical chemistry am. of substance chemical

  9. dynamic systems information energy momentum, angular momentum electric charge entropy mass, amount of substance exchange of system states processes

  10. Multiport Modelling System equations states thermal connection (temperature, heat) mechanical connection (v, p; w, L; p, V) electrical connection (U, Q) 1/s

  11. Level of process units Level of phases Level of storages Hierarchical Aggregation Structured process model hierarchical aggregation Idee und Schaubild von R. Hanke, M. Mangold und K. Sundmacher Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik komplexer Systeme Magdeburg Storage level library Virtual fuel cell lab

  12. VHDL-AMS vs. Modelica: resistor model Resistor „einfacher Widerstand“ pin p, n; parameter SI.Resistance R = 5; protected SI.Voltage v; equation v = p.v – n.v; p.i + n.i = 0; v = R*p.i; end Resistor; connector pin SI.Voltage v; flowSI.Current i; end pin; entity Resistor is port (terminal p, n: electrical) generic (R: REAL:= 5); end Resistor; architecture R1 of Resistor is quantity vR across iR through p to n; begin vR == R*iR; end R1; nature electrical is voltage across current through;

  13. object orientated modelling language • hierarchically structured • support effective library development and model exchange • non causal modelling (differential, algebraic and discrete equation) • for multi domain modelling (hydraulics, mechanics, electronic, thermodynamics, control engineering, …) • open source (www.modelica.org)

  14. Dymola

  15. Related Tools • Dymola-Simulink Interface • A Modelica model can be converted into a S-function block • IDA indoor climate and energy from Equa • Equa is working towards making IDA Simulation Environment fully Modelica compatible

  16. Examples • HIL-Simulation of the Hydraulcs and Mechanics of on Automatic Gearbox (BMW) • Modelica Application for Camless Engine Valvetrain Development (Ford) • Modeling und Simulation of Refrigeration Systems with the Natural Refrigerant CO2 (Airbus) • Simulation of Thermal Building Behaviour in Modelica (Uni Kaiserslautern) • Modeling of Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Modelica for Virtual Prototyping (Uni Gothenburg) • The Modelica Flight Dynamics Library (DLR)

  17. KTI-Projek Nr. 6225.1 • Auflaufsimulation von Personen- und Güterzügen • Ziel: Modelica-Bibliothek zur Optimierung von Kupp-lungsvorgängen, Analyse des Schwingungsverhaltens und Beurteilung der Kollisionssicherheit • Umfang: • KTI-Beitrag: 200‘000.- • Eigenleistung Schwab AG 260‘000.- • Eigenleistung LEC 20‘000.- • Cash Schwab AG 20‘000.-

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