Unit Six THE MAKING OF A SURGEON

1. Unit Six • THE MAKING OF A SURGEON

2. I. New Words: • conclude: • arrive at a belief or opinion by reasoning 得出结论 • The jury concluded, from the evidence, that the accused man was not guilty. • 陪审团依据证据得出结论，认定被告无罪。

3. 2) come or bring to an end 结束 • The Olympic Games is scheduled to conclude on August 23. • 奥林匹克运动会计划在8月23日结束。 • The professor concluded his lecture by summing up the main points he had mentioned. • 教授通过总结他提到过的要点而结束了讲座。

4. 3) arrange; bring about • 安排，使成立，订立 • The two countries concluded a • peace treaty. • 这两个国家订立了和平条约。

5. 2. surgical: • of, by or for surgery • 外科的，手术的 • surgical operations • 外科手术 • Surgical masks and gloves • prevent infection. • 外科口罩和手套可防止感染。

6. 3. emergency: 紧急情况，急症 • an emergency exit/bell/telephone /room/landing • 紧急出口(太平门)/急救铃/急救电话/急诊室/紧急着陆 • The President declared a state of emergency after the earthquake. • 地震之后总统宣布处于紧急状态。

7. 4. encounter: be faced with; meet unexpectedly 遭遇到；意外地遇见 • He encountered many difficulties on his journey around the world. • 他在绕地球旅行途中遇到许多困难。 • On the train I encountered an old friend of mine . • 在火车上我碰到了一位老朋友。

8. 5. critical: 1) important at a time of danger and difficulty • 紧要的，关键的 • Heroes emerge at critical moments • in history. • 英雄总是在历史的紧要关头出现。 • The patient is still in critical • condition. 这个病人仍处在危重状态。

9. 2) fault-finding • 挑剔的，爱挑毛病的 • My boss is always critical of me. • 我的老板总爱挑我的毛病。 • She looks at everything with a critical eye. • 她总是以挑剔的目光看待一切。

10. 6. particular: • 1) belonging to some person, • thing or occasion • 特定的，特殊的 • The bus driver is usually polite, • but in this particular case he lost • his temper. • 这名公交车司机通常很有礼貌，但在这 • 种特殊情况下他发脾气了。

11. 2) special • 特别的，值得注意的 • Particular attention was • given to the girl. • 这个女孩受到了特别的注意。

12. 3) hard to satisfy • 讲究的，难以取悦的，苛刻的 • Women are usually particular as to • what they wear. • 通常女人们对穿什么很讲究。 • It is said that British people are • very particular about their food. • 据说英国人对食物很挑剔。

13. 7. case: • 1) instance of disease or injury • 病例 • Emergency cases must be • treated first. • 必须首先处理急诊病例。 • There have been several cases of flu in the past a month. • 在上个月出现了几例流感病例。

14. 2) actual state of affairs • 实情，情况 • That being the case, she has to cancel her appointment. • 如果那是实情的话，她就不得不取消约会。

15. 3) question to be decided in a • law court 案例 • The case is still under police investigation. • 这个案例仍在警察的调查之中。 • The jury will hear this case soon. • 陪审团很快会听审这个案例。

16. 8. constant: • 1) happening all the time • 不断的 • Headache is her constant • complaint. 她经常抱怨头痛。 • The rent is low because of the • constant noise from the road. • 房租低是因为来自公路的噪音不断。

17. 2) remaining the same • 始终如一的，不变的 • Temperature is at a constant 26 • degrees in this hotel. • 这家旅馆的温度一直保持在26度。 • I wonder if love is constant. • 我怀疑爱是否是永恒不变的。

18. 3) faithful • 忠实的 • a constant friend /companion • 一个忠实的朋友/伙伴

19. 9. resolve: vt. 1) solve 解决 • The dispute was resolved through • mediation. 通过调解解决了争端。 • To the amazement of all, the little • boy resolved the problem in five • minutes. • 令大家吃惊的是，这个小男孩在5分钟内 • 解决了这个问题。

20. 2) decide 决定 • The Party resolved to pay more attention to economic development. • 该党决定更多地关注经济发展。

21. n. sth. that has been decided; • decision • 决定，决定的事 • make a resolve to do sth. • 决定做某事 • Nothing could change his resolve. • 什么都不能改变他的决定。

22. 10. sound: adj. • correct; based on good judgment 正确的，合理的 • You can depend on her for a • sound judgment. • 你可以依靠她做出正确的判断。 • Is he sound on his business • analysis? • 他的商业分析合理吗？

23. 2) healthy; in good condition • 健康的 • Her heart is as sound as a drum. • 她的心脏像鼓一样很健康。 • I doubt if he is sound in his mind. • 我怀疑他是否精神正常。

24. 11. confident: 自信的 • The applicant feels confident that • he will be accepted. • 这位申请者很自信他能够被接受。 • During the interview, the coach • said he was confident of his team’s • winning the game. • 在采访期间，这位教练说他确信他的队能 • 赢得这场比赛。

25. 12. handle: vt. • 1) manage; deal with 处理，管理 • A manager must know how to • handle his men. • 经理必须知道如何管理他的手下。 • This book handles the problem • of inflation. • 这本书是关于通货膨胀问题的。

26. 2) touch; take up 触，摸 • Glass—handle with care. • 玻璃—小心轻放。 • The stamp collector washed his hand before handling stamps. • 这位集邮者在触摸邮票前都要洗手。

27. 3) operate; direct; train • 操纵，统帅，训练 • Napoleon is very good at handling troops. • 拿破仑非常擅长统帅军队。 • This car handles well. • 这车开起来真灵便。

28. After two months’ training, • the worker now handles the • machine with ease. • 经过两个月的训练，这名工人现在能 • 很轻松地操纵这台机器。

29. n. part of a tool, door, • drawer, etc. 柄，把手，拉手 • the handle of a cup • 茶杯的柄 • the handlebar of a bicycle • 自行车的车把 • a door handle 门把手

30. 13. anticipate: see beforehand • 预期，期望 • I anticipate having an enjoyable working relationship with you all. • 我期望与你们大家建立愉快的工作关系。 • Analysts are anticipating a bull market. • 分析家们正在期待着一个牛市。

31. 14. inevitably: unavoidably • 不可避免地 • Death comes inevitably. • 死亡是不可避免的。 • The train was inevitably • delayed by the accident. • 火车不可避免地受到这事故的耽误。

32. 15. operate: • vt. cause to work, control • 开动，操纵，操作 • operate a machine/a factory • 开机器/管理工厂 • vi. perform a surgical operation • 做手术

33. Have you ever been operated • on? • 你动过手术吗？ • I’ll have to have my stomach • operated on. • 我将不得不接受胃部手术。

34. 16. sole: one and only 唯一的 • His sole wish is to live an • undisturbed life. • 他唯一的愿望就是过不受打扰的生活。 • Drunken driving was the sole • cause of the accident. • 醉酒驾驶是这次事故的唯一原因。

35. 17. responsibility: • 1) being responsible 责任，负责 • He refuses all responsibilities for • the accident. • 他拒绝为这次事故负全部责任。 • A terrorist group claimed res- • ponsibility for the suicide bomb. • 一个恐怖组织宣称对这次自杀性爆炸负责。

36. 2) duty 职责，义务 • Every one of us should meet our • parent-supporting responsibilities. • 我们每个人都应该尽到赡养父母的责任。 • It is my responsibility to lock the • door. • 锁门是我的职责。

37. 18. avoid: • escape; keep or get away • from 避免 • avoid doing sth. • 避免做某事

38. Nurses spoke in a low voice to avoid wakening the patient. • 护士们小声说话以免吵醒病人。 • The children were told to avoid speaking to strangers in the street. • 孩子们被告知在大街上不要同陌生人讲话。

39. 20. conceited: full of pride in one’s powers, abilities, etc. 自负的 • The conceited actor behaved as if he were the greatest man in the world. • 这个自负的演员表现得就好象他是世界 • 上最伟大的人。

40. 21. bother: • vt. annoy; trouble 烦扰，麻烦 • I am sorry for bothering you with so many questions. • 很抱歉那这么多问题来打扰您。 • Don’t bother your father about it now; he’s very tired. • 现在别那这个去打扰你父亲， 他很累了。

41. vi. 担忧，不安 • I don’t see any reason for • bothering with such a petty • matter. • 我看没有理由为这样的小事担忧。

42. n. worry, trouble 麻烦，不便 • Did you have much bother finding the house? • 你找到这所房子费劲吗？ • I am sorry to have put you to all this bother. • 真抱歉给你添了这么多的麻烦。

43. II. Language points: • 1. The Making of a Surgeon: How a surgeon comes into being. (or The way to a successful career as a surgeon.) • making: the process of being made or coming into being • 形成，发展

44. The novel The Making of a Hero attracted a large reading public in the 1950s. • 在二十世纪五十年代“英雄之路”这本小说吸引了大批的读者。 • The making of the English language is an interesting subject. • 英语语言的形成是一个很有趣的题目。

45. 2. draw to a close: • come to an end 结束 • This semester is drawing to a • close. • 这学期即将结束。 • The year soon drew to its close. • 那一年很快就结束了。

46. 3. treat, cure: • To treat someone medically is to accept him as a patient, to diagnose his illness and to help relieve it. • To cure someone is to bring him back to health, stressing the positive result of medical treatment.

47. Examples: • Which doctors are treating her for her illness? • 哪些医生在为她治病？ • The bone fracture in the driver’s left leg was being carefully treated. • 那位司机的左腿骨折正得到细心的治疗。

48. This medicine should cure you of your cold. • 这些药应该能治好你的感冒。 • Doctors and scientists may discover soon how to cure cancer. • 医生和科学家们会很快发现如何治愈癌症。

49. 4. take … for example: • 以…为例子 • Take my father for example; he is an excellent teacher. • 以我父亲为例子，他是名优秀教师。

50. 5. have trouble doing sth.: • have difficulty doing sth. • 有困难/麻烦做某事 • The boy had a lot of trouble getting up early in winter. • 在冬天早起对这个男孩来说十分困难。 • Such a girl as she has no trouble making friends with people. • 像她这样的女孩与人交友毫无困难。