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France. Quiz. What does Magna Carta literally mean? In the United States’ jury system, if there are 12 jurors, how many of them must agree in order to convict an individual? No person can be held in prison without being charged with a crime is called what?
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Quiz • What does Magna Carta literally mean? • In the United States’ jury system, if there are 12 jurors, how many of them must agree in order to convict an individual? • No person can be held in prison without being charged with a crime is called what? • No new taxes could be established by the King under the terms of the Magna Carta, without first consenting his Great Council of _________. • Which King was forced to sign the Magna Carta?
Parliament • England’s legislative body • Early days • Common people • Two knights from each county and representatives of the towns • Modern day • House of Lords (Nobles and high clergy) • House of Commons (Knights and middle class)
France • Post Charlemagne • Hugh Capet elected by nobles • Family ruled for more than 300 years • Capetian Kings • Built effective bureaucracy
Philip II • Paid middle-class officials for govt. positions • Granted many new charters • Created national tax • Quadrupled royal land holdings
Louis IX • King of France • Deeply religious • Persecuted heretics • Those who held beliefs contrary to church teachings • Also Jews • Led French knights in two crusades against Muslims
Louis IX • Expanded the court system • Ended serfdom • Declared a saint within 30 years of his death
Forming of Estates General • Philip IV (Louis’s grandson) • Estates General • Body consisted of: • Clergy • Nobles • Townspeople
Holy Roman Empire and the Church • Differences? • “Holy Roman Empire”
Otto I • King of Germany 936 • Appointed bishops to top govt. positions • Precedent?