1 / 69

The Federalists in Power and the Emergence of a Two-Party System

Explore the early years of the United States, including the first president, George Washington, and the emergence of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties. Learn about key figures like Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, their political beliefs, and the Supreme Court decisions that shaped the nation. Discover the foundations of American politics through this comprehensive guide.

ralmeida
Download Presentation

The Federalists in Power and the Emergence of a Two-Party System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Federalists in Power and the Emergence of a Two-Party System

  2. Who did the American people elect as the first president of the United States? • George Washington

  3. Who was Washington’s first Secretary of State? • Thomas Jefferson

  4. Who was Washington’s first Secretary of the Treasury? • Alexander Hamilton

  5. What political party did Thomas Jefferson organize? • Democratic-Republican Party

  6. What is a political party? • A group of people with similar beliefs about how the government should be run

  7. What was another name for Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party? • Republicans

  8. What political party did Alexander Hamilton organize? • The Federalist Party

  9. What is the cabinet? • Heads of the executive departments • Official advisers to the president

  10. What does the Secretary of State do? • Oversees the nation’s relations with foreign countries • Handles foreign affairs

  11. What does the Secretary of the Treasury do? • Advises the president on economic issues, like taxes and government finance

  12. What is strict construction of the Constitution? • An interpretation of the Constitution believing that the powers of the federal government are strictly defined

  13. What is loose construction of the Constitution? • An interpretation of the Constitution believing that the federal government has broad powers

  14. Did Jefferson believe in strict or loose construction of the Constitution? • Strict construction

  15. Did Hamilton believe in strict or loose construction of the Constitution? • Loose construction

  16. What clause of the Constitution allows Congress “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper” to carry out those powers that are listed in the Constitution? • The Elastic Clause

  17. According to Alexander Hamilton, what specified powers would the Bank of the United States help Congress carry out?

  18. Collecting taxes • Borrowing money • Paying the public debt • Regulating commerce (trade)

  19. Who led the Democratic-Republican Party? • Thomas Jefferson • James Madison

  20. What were five beliefs of the Democratic-Republican Party?

  21. Strict construction of the Constitution • A weak national government (relative to the power of the states) • Strong state governments • An economy based on agriculture (farming) • A pro-French foreign policy

  22. Who supported the Democratic-Republican Party? • Farmers • Artisans (skilled craftsmen) • Frontier settlers

  23. In what region of the United States was the Democratic-Republican Party strongest? • South

  24. Who led the Federalist Party? • Alexander Hamilton • John Adams

  25. What were five beliefs of the Federalist Party?

  26. Loose construction of the Constitution • A strong national government • A national bank • A commercial economy (based on manufacturing and trade) • A pro-British foreign policy

  27. What groups supported the Federalist Party? • Bankers • Businessmen

  28. In what region of the nation was the Federalist Party strongest? • The Northeast

  29. Which political party supported the Jay Treaty? • The Federalists

  30. What was the most important provision (part) of the Jay Treaty?

  31. Great Britain agreed to evacuate or leave its forts in the Ohio Valley and retreat to the boundary line set by the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War

  32. Who followed George Washington as president? • John Adams

  33. What was President Adams’ policy towards France? • An undeclared naval war against France

  34. What were three results of Adams’ policy towards France?

  35. Maintained peace with France • Preserved the honor of the United States • Made Adams less popular among members of his own Federalist Party, who wanted the United States to declare war against France

  36. Who was the most important Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the early years of the United States? • John Marshall

  37. What was John Marshall’s political party and what was his home state? • Federalist • Virginia

  38. How did the Supreme Court decisions under John Marshall strengthen the federal courts? • Made the federal courts an independent and equal branch of the United States government

  39. What is judicial review? • The power of the courts to declare a law unconstitutional

  40. What is a precedent? • An example for future action

  41. What were three important decisions by the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall?

  42. Marbury v. Madison • McCulloch v. Maryland • Gibbons v. Ogden

  43. How did the Supreme Courtin the case of Marbury v. Madison? • Declared a federal law unconstitutional

  44. What precedent did Marbury v. Madison set? • Judicial Review

  45. Why is judicial review so important to the Supreme Court? • Gives the Supreme Court its main check on the power of Congress

  46. What doctrine did the Supreme Court set forth in its McCulloch v. Maryland decision? • Doctrine of implied powers

  47. What two legal questions were involved in the McCulloch case?

  48. 1) Did Congress have the authority to establish the Bank of the United States? • 2) Did the Maryland law taxing the BUS unconstitutionally interfere with congressional powers?

  49. What two points did the Supreme Court make in McCulloch v. Maryland?

  50. 1) Congress had the power to create the BUS. • 2) Maryland could not tax agencies of the national government, which carried out constitutional powers.

More Related